Veri: Güzel ve Çirkin

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 53 - 64, 31.12.2024

Haludun Akpınar

Öz

Çağımızın sihirli sözcüğü veri, bir yandan geleceği aydınlatırken diğer yandan insanlığı karanlık bir çağa mı sürüklemektedir?Sosyal ağlar, büyük veri, blockchain ve yapay zekâ yazılımları başta olmak üzere çeşitli enformasyon ve iletişim teknolojileri - ICT, artan veri edinimi ve saklama ihtiyacı ile dünyanın kaynaklarını tüketmeyi sürdürmektedir.

Küresel CO2 emisyonlarının yaklaşık % 3'ünün ICT sektörü tarafından üretildiği bir dünyada, bugün sadece veri merkezlerinin CO2 emisyonları, İspanya, İtalya, Fransa ve Portekiz'in toplamından daha fazla olup, havacılık sektörüyle rekabet eder duruma gelmiştir. Değerli metallerin tüketimi, enerji ve su kullanımı ile E-atıklar ICT donanımlarının yaşam döngüsünde önemli rol oynamaktadır.

Bu makalede özellikle büyük veri, blockchain ve yapay zekâ yazılımlarının sürdürülebilirlik üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri, Sürdürülebilir ICT kavramı çeşitli örnekler, istatistikler ve çözümlerle incelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sürdürülebilir ICT, Veri Merkezleri, Büyük Veri

Kaynakça

• Agency, I. D. (2024, 06 28). Data Centres and Data Transmission Networks. Retrieved from International Data Agency: www.iea.org/energy-system/buildings/data-centres-and-data-transmission-networks
• Akpinar, H. (2018). DATA Veri Madenciliği Veri Analizi (Data Mining - Data Analysis). Istanbul: PapatyaBilim.
• Akpınar, H. (2023). The Dark Side of Data. In R. Öztürk, & N. Bartholomäus, Sustainability Innovations in Time of Crisis (pp. 5-23). Shaker Verlag.
• Andre, L. (2023, 03 19). 53 Important Statistics About How Much Data Is Created Every Day. Retrieved from FinancesOnline: financesonline.com/how-much-data-is-created-every-day/
• Arvanitidis N., B. J. (2017). IAPG - International Association for Promoting Geoethics,. Retrieved from White Paper on Responsibile Mining. : www.geoethics.org/wp-responsible-mining.
• Aubert, M. (n.d.). Oldest Known Cave Painting. Griffith University.
• Baldé C.P., D. E. (2022). Global Transboundary E-waste Flows Monitor - 2022. Bonn: United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR).
• Bottéro, J. (2006). Kültürümüzün Şafağı Babil. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
• Capgemini. (2022). Capgemini Environmental Sustainability Performance Report 2021/2022. Capgemini.
• Convention, T. S. (2020). Basel Convention - On the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal . UN Environment Programme.
• Digiconomist. (2023, 03 15). Digiconomist. Retrieved from Bitcoin Energy Consumption Index: digiconomist.net/bitcoin-energy-consumption#assumptions
• energuidebe. (2023, 03 13). How much power does a computer use? Retrieved from www.energuide.be
• European-Commision. (n.d.). Retrieved from climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/european-green-deal/2030-climate-target-plan_en
• European-Commission. (2020). 2030 Climate Target Plan. Retrieved from climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/european-green-deal/2030-climate-target-plan_en
• Forti V., B. C. (2018). E-waste Statistics: Guidelines on Classifications, Reporting and Indicators, second edition. Bonn: United Nations University, ViE – SCYCLE.
• Forti V., B. C. (2020). The Global E-waste Monitor 2020: Quantities, flows and the circular economy potential. Bonn/Geneva/Rotterdam: United Nations University (UNU)/United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) – co-hosted SCYCLE Programme, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) & International Solid Waste Association (ISWA).
• Furman, T., & Guertin, L. (n.d.). Lesson 6: The Nile River - Where Does The Water Go? Retrieved from College of Earth and Mineral Science - Pennstate: https://courseware.e-education.psu.edu/courses/earth105new/content/lesson06/04.html
• Gonzales, O. (2023, 3 15). Bitcoin Mining: How Much Electricity It Takes and Why People Are Worried. Retrieved from CNET: www.cnet.com/personal-finance/crypto/bitcoin-mining-how-much-electricity-it-takes-and-why-people-are-worried/
• Google. (2023, 03 21). Google Data Centers. Retrieved from Google Data Centers: www.google.com/about/datacenters/locations/council-bluffs/
• Guardian, T. (2021, 01 13). World's "Oldest Known Cave Painting" found in Indonesia. Retrieved from The Guardian: www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jan/13/worlds-oldest-known-cave-painting-found-in-indonesia
• Hanlon, P. (2023, 03 08). How big is your water footprint. Retrieved from Water Footprint Network: waterfootprint.org/en/about-us/news/news/grace-launches-new-water-footprint-calculator
• International Data Agency, I. . (2024). Electricity 2024.
• KPMG. (2024). Statistical Review of World Energy.
• Kramer, S. N. (1988). History begins at Sumer. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
• Kumar, V. (2023, 03 21). 12 Largest Data Centers In The World In 2023 [By Size]. Retrieved from Rankred: www.rankred.com/largest-data-centers-in-the-world/
• Meadows, D., Randers, J., & Meadows, D. (2004). Limits to Growth - The 30-Year Update. Chelsea Green Publishing Company.
• Petrosyan, A. (2023, 03 18). Global number of internet users 2005-2022. Retrieved from Statista: www.statista.com
• Quach, K. (2023, 03 18). AI me to the Moon... Carbon footprint for 'training GPT-3' same as driving to our natural satellite and back. Retrieved from The Register: www.theregister.com/2020/11/04/gpt3_carbon_footprint_estimate/
• Radicati. (2023). Email Statistics Report. The Radicati Group, Inc.
• Saul, J., & Bass, D. (2023, 03 18). Artificial Intelligence Is Booming—So Is Its Carbon Footprint. Retrieved from Bloomberg: www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-03-09/how-much-energy-do-ai-and-chatgpt-use-no-one-knows-for-sure?leadSource=uverify%20wall
• Star, E. (2023, 02 20). Energy Star. Retrieved from Energy Star: www.energystar.gov/
• Statista. (2023, 03 20). Data volume of internet of things (IoT) connections worldwide in 2019 and 2025. Retrieved from Statista: www.statista.com/statistics/1017863/worldwide-iot-connected-devices-data-size/
• Statista. (2023, 03 21). Number of data centers worldwide in 2022, by country. Retrieved from Statista: www.statista.com/statistics/1228433/data-centers-worldwide-by-country/
• Statista. (2023, 02 20). Statista. Retrieved from Statista: www.statista.com
• Statista. (2024, 04 01). Retrieved from Leading countries by number of data centers as of March 2024: www.statista.com/statistics/1228433/data-centers-worldwide-by-country/
• The Responsible Mining, F. (2022). Closing the Gaps.
• The World Ranking. (2024, 04 01). Retrieved from Top 12 Largest Data Centers Around the Globe: www.theworldranking.com/statistics/152/largest-data-centers/
• Trousdale, G., & Wise, K. (Directors). (1991). Beauty and the Beast [Motion Picture].
• UN. (2017). World Population Prospects. United Nations.
• UNCTAD. (2020). Digital Economy Growth and Mineral Resources. United Nations.
• UNIDO, U. (2017). Circular Economy. United Nations.
• Volpicelli, G. M. (2023, 03 15). As Kazakhstan Descends Into Chaos, Crypto Miners Are at a Loss. Retrieved from Wired: www.wired.com/story/kazakhstan-cryptocurrency-mining-unrest-energy/
• Vries, A. d. (2023, 03 15). Cryptocurrencies on the road to sustainability: Ethereum paving the way for Bitcoin. Retrieved from Patterns: www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2666-3899%2822%2900265-3
• Vries, A. D., Gallersdörfer, U., Klaaßen, L., & Stoll, C. (2022). Revisiting Bitcoin's Carbon Footprint.
• Wikiwand. (2023, 03 18). List of countries by electricity consumption. Retrieved from Wikiwand: www.wikiwand.com/en/List_of_countries_by_electricity_consumption
• Wikiwand. (2024, 03 15). Visayan Warty Pig. Retrieved from Wikiwand: www.wikiwand.com/en/Visayan_warty_pig#Media/File:VisayanWartyPig01.jpg
• Williams, E. (2003). Eco-Efficiency in Industry and Science, 41–72. In Environmental Impacts in the Production of Personal Computers. (pp. 41-72).
• World Population Review. (2024, 06 28). Retrieved from CO₂ Emissions by Country 2024: worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/co2-emissions-by-country
• Worldpopulationreview. (2023, 03 18). Worldpopulationreview. Retrieved from Carbon Footprint by Country 2023: worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/carbon-footprint-by-country