Araştırma Makalesi

COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA

Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 - 2 4 Eylül 2026
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COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA

Öz

This article examines issues of copyright ownership and unauthorized use arising from user-generated content on social media platforms. The article focuses on the interaction between copyright law and social media, where users increasingly create, share, remix, and repost digital content. The study first defines social media and copyright, then explains how Web 2.0 platforms have transformed users from passive consumers into content creators. The article analyses the legal status of original user-created works, transformative uses, and the direct reposting of third-party content. It emphasizes that user-generated content may qualify for copyright protection when it is original and fixed in a tangible medium of expression. However, unauthorized sharing may also infringe the economic and moral rights of copyright holders. The article adopts a doctrinal and comparative legal approach, with reference to copyright law in the United States, such as the DMCA safe harbor regime, and the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 in the United Kingdom. In addition, YouTube is used as a case study to illustrate these issues. Specifically, the dispute between Lawrence Lessig and Liberation Music will be analyzed because it illustrates the risks of automated enforcement and over-blocking. The article argues that the central difficulty of user-generated content lies not merely in determining whether content is copyrightable, but in identifying how copyright ownership, platform licensing, user permissions, and automated enforcement mechanisms interact in a highly participatory digital environment. Ultimately, the article concludes that copyright protection, platform policies, and freedom of expression must be carefully balanced.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. v. Goldsmith, 598 U.S. 508, 528–29 (2023). Barrelet Dennis and Egloff Willi: Das neue Urheberrecht, 2nd edn, Bern 2000.
  2. Bently Lionel and others: Intellectual Property Law 5th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2014. Bosher Hayleigh: Key Issues Around Copyright and Social Media: Ownership, Infringement and Liability, Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, Vol: 15; I: 2, 123–133, https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpaa006.
  3. Bosher Hayleigh and Yeşiloğlu Sevil: An Analysis of the Fundamental Tensions between Copyright and Social Media: The Legal Implications of Sharing Images on Instagram, International Review of Law, Computers and Technology, Vol: 33, I: 2; s. 164-186.
  4. Christie Andrew and Gare Stephen: Blackstone’s Statutes on Intellectual Property, Oxford University Press, 2018, s. 274 https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text/283698 accessed 02 May 2026.
  5. Colliander Jonas and Dahlén Micael: Following the Fashionable Friend: The Power of Social Media, Journal of Advertising Research, Vol: 51, I:1, s. 313-320.
  6. Copyright Act, 1976.
  7. Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.
  8. Gard Elizabeth Townsend and Whetstone Bri: The Present (User-Generated Crisis) Is the Past (1909 Copyright Act): An Essay Theorizing the “Traditional Contours of Copyright” Language, Vol:28, I: 3, Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal, s. 455-500.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Bilişim ve Teknoloji Hukuku, Hukuk, Bilim ve Teknoloji, Tasarım Hukuku, Hukuk (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

4 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

8 Haziran 2026

Kabul Tarihi

14 Ağustos 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 - 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Dönder, B. Ş., Küçükali, C., & Gültekin, E. (2026). COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi, 8(1 - 2), 35-60. https://izlik.org/JA39KU75BZ
AMA
1.Dönder BŞ, Küçükali C, Gültekin E. COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi. 2026;8(1 - 2):35-60. https://izlik.org/JA39KU75BZ
Chicago
Dönder, Bükre Şeyma, Canan Küçükali, ve Esra Gültekin. 2026. “COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA”. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi 8 (1 - 2): 35-60. https://izlik.org/JA39KU75BZ.
EndNote
Dönder BŞ, Küçükali C, Gültekin E (01 Eylül 2026) COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi 8 1 - 2 35–60.
IEEE
[1]B. Ş. Dönder, C. Küçükali, ve E. Gültekin, “COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA”, Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi, c. 8, sy 1-2, ss. 35–60, Eyl. 2026, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA39KU75BZ
ISNAD
Dönder, Bükre Şeyma - Küçükali, Canan - Gültekin, Esra. “COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA”. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi 8/1-2 (01 Eylül 2026): 35-60. https://izlik.org/JA39KU75BZ.
JAMA
1.Dönder BŞ, Küçükali C, Gültekin E. COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi. 2026;8:35–60.
MLA
Dönder, Bükre Şeyma, vd. “COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA”. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi, c. 8, sy 1 - 2, Eylül 2026, ss. 35-60, https://izlik.org/JA39KU75BZ.
Vancouver
1.Bükre Şeyma Dönder, Canan Küçükali, Esra Gültekin. COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND UNAUTHORIZED USE OF USER-GENERATED CONTENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA. Yaşar Hukuk Dergisi [Internet]. 01 Eylül 2026;8(1 - 2):35-60. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA39KU75BZ