Effects of Anti-Scatter Grid on Noise Power Spectrum at Different Dose Levels in Digital Mammography

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 191 - 197, 30.12.2023

Melike Kaya Karaaslan Nedim Muzoglu Sevim Şahin Özcan Gündoğdu

Öz

Aim: The noise power spectrum (NPS) is an important quality
control parameter used to characterize the noise in a digital image in the frequency domain. The NPS is divided by the square
of the mean value of the pixels in the region of interest (ROI),
and this ratio is referred to as the normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) and is used for noise analysis. This study aims to
determine the effect of using an anti-scatter grid on the NNPS
measurement.
Methods: The NNPS measurements are performed on five
Fujifilm Amulet Innovality full-field digital mammography
(FFDM) systems with and without a scatter reduction grid for
different dose levels ranging from 8 µGy to 400 µGy. The set of
three images of the uniform detector is acquired with and without a grid at each dose level for evaluation. All the preprocessed
(raw) images are analyzed using the ImageJ software-COQ
plug-in. The relative difference is preferred to determine the
changes in the NNPS.
Results: The maximum relative difference between the grid
and non-grid images is found to be 2.63 at 0.5 mm-1 spatial
frequency for a 20.31 µGy dose level.
Conclusion: The results show that NNPS fell with rising doses, whereas NNPS increased due to the decrease in the average
number of x-ray photons reaching the detector when the grid
is used.

Anahtar Kelimeler

: digital mammography, noise power spectrum, anti-scatter grid, noise.

Kaynakça

• 1.Ergun L, Olgar T. Investigation of noise sources for digital radiography systems. Radiol Phys Technol. 2016;10(2):171-179.
• 2. Samei E, Flynn JM.An experimental comparison of detector performance for direct and ındirect digital radiography systems. Med Phys. 2003;30(4):608-622.
• 3. Kaya Karaaslan M, Muzoglu N, Gündogdu Ö. Study of the performance change in digital mammography systems depending on the total number of examinations. Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2022;8(6):065025.
• 4. Dance DR, Christofides S, Maidment ADA, McLean ID, Ng KH. Diagnostic Radiology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students. 1st ed. Vienne: International Atomic Energy Agency; 2014.
• 5. Neitzel U, Günther-Kohfahl S, Borasi G, Samei E. Determination of the detective quantum efficiency of a digital x-ray detector: comparison of three evaluations using a common image data set. Med Phys. 2004;31(8):2205- 2211.
• 6. Dobbins JT, Samei E, Ranger NT, Chen Y. Intercomparison of methods for image quality characterization: II. Noise power spectrum. Med Phys. 2006;33(5):1466-1475.
• 7. Lee S, Chung W.; Quantitative analysis of effects of the grid specifications on the quality of digital radiography images. Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine. 2019;42(2):553–561.
• 8. Huda W. Review of radiologic physics. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams&Wilkins; 2010.
• 9. Chen H, Danielsson M, Xu C, Cederström B. On image quality metrics and the usefulness of grids in digital mammography. Journal of Medical Imaging. 2015;2(1):013501.
• 10. International Electrotechnical Commission. Medical Electrical Equipment-Characteristics of Digital X-Ray Image Devices: Part 1-2. Determination of the Detective Quantum Efficiency-Detectors Used in Mammography (IEC 62220-1-2). Geneva; 2007.
• 11. European Commission/EUREF. European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis European Guidelines for Breast Cancer Screening (Supplement). 4th ed. Luxembourg; 2013.
• 12. Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. Measurement of the Performance Characteristics of Diagnostic X-Ray Systems: Digital Imaging Systems (IPEM Report 32-Part VII). York; 2010.
• 13. Marshall, N.W., Monnin, P., Bosmans, H., Bochud, F.O., Verdun, F.R. Image quality assessment in digital mammography: Part I. Technical characterization of the systems. Phys. Med Biol. 2011;56(14): 4201–4220.
• 14. Marshall, N.W., Ongeval, C.V., Bosmans, H. Performance evaluation of a retrofit digital detector-based mammography system. Phys Med. 2016;32(2):312-322.
• 15. Donini B, Rivetti S, Lanconelli N, Bertolini M. Free software for performing physical analysis of systems for digital radiography and mammography. Med Phys. 2014;41(5): 051903.
• 16. Ghorbanzade, M. (2020). Use of Noise Power Spectra (NPS) for Quality Control in Digital Radiography. Master’s thesis, The University of Manitoba, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
• 17. Ravaglia V, Bouwman RW, Young KC, Engen van R, Lazzari B. Noise analysis of full field digital mammography systems. Conference: SPIE Medical Imaging 2009 March 13: Physics of Medical Imaging Volume: Proceedings SPIE 7258 SPIE, Florida, USA; 2009.
• 18. National Health Service Breast Screening Programme. Technical Evaluation of Fujifilm AMULET Innovality Digital Mammography System NHSBSP Equipment Report (1601). Sheffield; 2017.