THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CONCERNS AND PERCEIVED SPIRITUAL CARE IN INTERNAL MEDICINE NURSES

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between artificial intelligence concerns and perceived spiritual care in internal medicine nurses. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted between October 13, 2021 and March 12, 2022. The sample of the study consisted of 477 internal medicine nurses. The data were collected using a ‘Nurse Information Form’, ‘Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale’ and ‘Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale’, and analyzed using independent-samples t test, One-Way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, Pearson’s correlation test and linear regression analysis. Results: The majority of the nurses were 26-32 years old (33.3%), female (63.1%), married (54.9%) and had bachelor’s degree (58.7%) and professional experience of 6-10 years (35.6%). Their Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale and Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale total mean scores were 95.35±4.02 and 63.50±3.14, respectively. A highly significant negative correlation was found between their AIAS and Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale total mean scores (r =-0.785, p = 0.041). Their artificial intelligence concerns negatively affected their perceived spiritual care (F= 36.140, p<0.05, R = .840). Conclusion: Internal medicine nurses had moderate Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale mean score and high Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale mean score. As their Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale mean score increased, their Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale mean score decreased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Internal medicine
• nurse
• artificial intelligence
• spiritual care

DÂHİLİYE HEMŞİRELERİNİN YAPAY ZEKÂ KAYGILARI VE MANEVİ BAKIM ALGILARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between artificial intelligence concerns and perceived
spiritual care in internal medicine nurses.
Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted between October 13, 2021 and March 12, 2022.
The sample of the study consisted of 477 internal medicine nurses. The data were collected using a ‘Nurse
Information Form’, ‘Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale’ and ‘Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale’.
Data were analyzed by independent-samples t test, One-Way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, Pearson’s correlation
test and linear regression analysis.
Results: The majority of the nurses were 26-32 age group (33.3%), female (63.1%), married (54.9%), had
bachelor’s degree (58.7%) and professional experience of 6-10 years (35.6%). Their Artificial Intelligence
Anxiety Scale and Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale total mean scores were 95.35±4.02 and
63.50±3.14, respectively. A highly significant negative correlation was found between their AIAS and
Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale total mean scores (r =-0.785, p = 0.041). Their artificial
intelligence concerns negatively affected their perceived spiritual care (F= 36.140, p<0.05, R = .840).
Conclusion: Internal medicine nurses had moderate Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale mean score and
high Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale mean score. As their Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale
mean score increased, their Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale mean score decreased.
Keywords: Internal Medicine, Nurse, Artificial Intelligence, Spiritual Care Perception.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dâhiliye
• Hemşire
• Yapay Zekâ
• Manevi Bakım

Kaynakça

1. 1. Calderero Hernandez JF. Artificial intelligence and spirituality. International Journal of Interactive Multimedia & Artificial Intelligence 2021: 1-10.
2. 2. Yu KH, Beam AL, Kohane IS. Artificial intelligence in healthcare. Nature Biomedical Engineering. 2018; 2(10): 719-731.
3. 3. Jiang F, Jiang Y, Zhi H, Dong Y, Li H, Ma S, et al. Artificial intelligence in healthcare: past, present and future. Stroke and Vascular Neurology 2017; 2: 230-243.
4. 4. Davenport T, Kalakota R. The potential for artificial intelligence in healthcare. Future Healthcare Journal 2019; 6(2): 94-98.
5. 5. Rong G, Mendez A, Assi EB, Zhao B, Sawan M. Artificial intelligence in healthcare: review and prediction case studies. Engineering 2020; 6(3): 291-301.
6. 6. Bohr A, Memarzadeh K. The rise of artificial intelligence in healthcare applications. Artificial Intelligence in healthcare 2020; 25-60.
7. 7. Amisha PM, Pathania M, Rathaur VK. Overview of artificial intelligence in medicine. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2019; 8(7): 23-28.
8. 8. Cooper KL, Chang E. Implementing a spiritual care subject for holistic nursing practice: a mixed method study. Journal of Holistic Nursing 2022; https://doi.org/10.1177%2F08980101221088081.

9. 9. Rachel H, Chiara C, Robert K, Francesco S. Spiritual care in nursing: an overview of the measures used to assess spiritual care provision and related factors amongst nurses. Acta Biomed 2019; 90(Suppl 4): 44-55.
10. 10. Korkmaz M. Kronik hastalıklarda kanıta dayalı uygulamalar. İçinde: Ovayolu N, Ovayolu Ö, editör. Temel İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ve Farklı Boyutlarıyla Kronik Hastalıklar. Adana, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, 2015;782-791.
11. 11. Carroll W. Artificial intelligence, nurses and the quadruple aim. Online Journal of Nursing Informatics 2018; 22(2): 1-2.
12. 12. Locsin RC, Ito H. Can humanoid nurse robots replace human nurses. Journal of Nursing 2018; 5(1): 1-6.
13. 13. Ghorbani M, Mohammadi E, Aghabozorgi R, Ramezani M. Spiritual care interventions in nursing: an integrative literature review. Supportive Care in Cancer 2021; 29(3): 1165-1181.
14. 14. Cone PH, Giske T. Integrating spiritual care into nursing education and practice: strategies utilizing open journey theory. Nurse Education Today 2018; 71: 22-25.
15. 15. Green A, Kim-Godwin YS, Jones CW. Perceptions of spiritual care education, competence, and barriers in providing spiritual care among registered nurses. Journal of Holistic Nursing 2020; 38(1): 41-51.
16. 16. Connerton CS, Moe CS. The essence of spiritual care. Creative Nursing 2018; 24(1): 36-41.
17. 17. McGrow K. Artificial intelligence: essentials for nursing. Nursing 2019; 49(9): 46-49.
18. 18. Mesquita AC, Zamarioli CM, De Carvalho EC. The use of robots in nursing care practices: an exploratory descriptive study. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing 2016; 15(3): 404-413.
19. 19. Wang YY, Wang YS. Development and validation of an artificial intelligence anxiety scale: an initial application in predicting motivated learning behavior. Interactive Learning Environments 2019; 1-16.
20. 20. Akkaya B, Özkan A, Özkan H. Yapay zekâ kaygı (YZK) ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Alanya Akademik Bakış 2021; 5(2): 1125-1146.
21. 21. McSherry W, Draper P, Kendrick D. The construct validity of a rating scale designed to assess spirituality and spiritual care. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2002; 39(7): 723-734.
22. 22. Ergül Ş, Bayık A. Maneviyat ve manevi bakım dereceleme ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksek Okulu Dergisi 2007; 23(1): 75-87.
23. 23. Van Hartskamp M, Consoli S, Verhaegh W, Petkovic M, Van de Stolpe A. Artificial intelligence in clinical health care applications. Interactive Journal of Medical Research 2019; 8(2), e12100.
24. 24. Swan BA. Assessing the knowledge and attitudes of registered nurses about artificial ıntelligence in nursing and health care. Nursing Economic$ 2021; 39(3): 139-143.
25. 25. Robert N. How artificial intelligence is changing nursing. Nursing Management 2019; 50(9): 30-39.
26. 26. Lynn LA. Artificial intelligence systems for complex decision-making in acute care medicine: a review. Patient Safety in Surgery 2019; 13(1): 1-8.
27. 27. Ng ZQP, Ling LYJ, Chew HSJ, Lau Y. The role of artificial intelligence in enhancing clinical nursing care: a scoping review. Journal of Nursing Management. 2021; https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13425.
28. 28. Timmins F, Caldeira S. Understanding spirituality and spiritual care in nursing. Nursing Standard 2017; 31(22): 50-57.
29. 29. Veloza-Gómez M, Muñoz de Rodríguez L, Guevara-Armenta C, Mesa-Rodríguez S. The importance of spiritual care in nursing practice. Journal of Holistic Nursing 2017; 35(2): 118-131.
30. 30. Riahi S, Goudarzi F, Hasanvand S, Abdollahzadeh H, Ebrahimzadeh F, Dadvari Z. Assessing the effect of spiritual intelligence training on spiritual care competency in critical care nurses. Journal of Medicine and Life 2018; 11(4): 346-354.
31. 31. Attard J, Ross L, Weeks KW. Developing a spiritual care competency framework for pre-registration nurses and midwives. Nurse Education in Practice 2019; 39: 96-104.
32. 32. Gijsberts MJHE, Liefbroer AI, Otten R, Olsman E. Spiritual care in palliative care: a Systematic review of the recent European literature. Medical Sciences 2019; 7(2): 1-21.
33. 33. Alazzam MB, Tayyib N, Alshawwa SZ, Ahmed M. Nursing care systematization with case-based reasoning and artificial intelligence. Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022:1-7.
34. 34. Frith KH. Artificial intelligence: what does it mean for nursing? Nursing Education Perspectives 2019; 40(4): 261.