Hematolojik Maligniteli Hastalarda Beden Algısı, Cinsel Yaşam ve Yorgunluk Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, hematolojik maligniteli hastalarda beden algısı, cinsel yaşam ve yorgunluk arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç- Yöntem: Bu, tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte bir araştırmadır. Bu çalışma, Ocak 2020- Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin batısında yer alan bir Üniversite Hastanesi Hematoloji Servisi ve Gündüz Tedavi Merkezi’nde tedavi gören 176 hasta ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri; Hasta Tanıtım Formu, Arizona Cinsel Yaşantılar Ölçeği, Piper Yorgunluk Ölçeği ve Vücut Algısı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yüzdelik, Kruskall Wallis Varyans analizi, Mann Whitney-U testi, pearson korelasyon analizi ve cronbach alpha iç tutarlılık testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların %10,8’inin cinsel yaşama ilişkin bilgi aldığı, bilgi alanların ise çok düşük oranda (%2,8’inin) sağlık profesyonellerinden bilgi aldığı saptanmıştır. Hastaların %89,2’sinin tedaviye başladıktan sonra cinsel yaşama ilişkin bilgi almadıkları %52,8’inin yaşanılan sürecin cinsel yaşamlarına etkisi olduğunu ve eşleri ile olan ilişkilerini %64.8 oranında olumsuz etkilediğini ifade etmiştir. Hastaların Arizona Cinsel Yaşantılar Ölçeği’nden aldıkları puanların ortalaması 20.84 ± 2.53, Piper Yorgunluk Ölçeği’nden aldıkları toplam puanların ortalaması 5.44 ± 0.60 ve Vücut Algısı Ölçeği’nden aldıkları puanların ortalaması ise 103.61 ± 6.37 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada; Vücut Algısı Ölçeği ile Piper Yorgunluk Ölçeği’nin davranışsal, duygulanım ve bilişsel alt boyutları ve toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönlü zayıf ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Genel yorgunluk arttıkça vücut bölümlerinden ya da işlevlerinden duyulan memnuniyet azalmaktadır (p<0.05). Araştırma sonucunda; Arizona Cinsel Yaşantılar Ölçeği toplam puanı ile Piper Yorgunluk Ölçeği toplam puanı arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır(p>0.05). Benzer şekilde, Arizona Cinsel Yaşantılar Ölçeği toplam puanı ile Vücut Algısı Ölçeği toplam puanı arasında da anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır(p>0.05). Onkoloji hemşirelerinin hastalara semptom odaklı bakım yerine, bütüncül bakım kapsamında cinselliği de içine alan bir bakım verebilmeleri gerekmektedir. Cinsel yaşamı etkileyebilen diğer değişkenler (yorgunluk, beden algısı gibi) konusunda farkındalığının olması ve onkoloji hastalarına bu açıdan yaklaşabilmeleri gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hematoloji
• Beden imajı algısı
• Cinsellik
• Yorgunluk
• Hemşirelik

The Correlation Between Body Image Perception, Sexual Life, And Fatigue In Patients With Hematological Malignancy

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between body image perception, sexual life, and fatigue in patients with hematological malignancy. Material-Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional research. This study was conducted with 176 patients treated in the Hematology Ward and Day Treatment Center of a University Hospital located in western Turkey between January 2020 and June 2022. The data were collected using the Patient Information Form, the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale, the Piper Fatigue Scale, and the Body-Cathexis Scale. The data were analyzed using percentage, Kruskal Wallis variance analysis, Mann Whitney-U test, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency tests. Results: It was found that 10.8% of the patients were informed about sexual life and very low rate (2.8%) of those who received information got this information from healthcare professionals. It was reported that 89.2% of the patients did not receive information about their sexual life after starting treatment, 52.8% stated that the process had an impact on their sexual life and 64.8% negatively affected their relationships with their spouses. The mean score of the patients from the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale was 20.84 ± 2.53, the mean total score from the Piper Fatigue Scale was 5.44 ± 0.60, and the mean score from the Body-Cathexis Scale was 103.61 ± 6.37. Conclusion: A weak positive correlation was found between the Body-Cathexis Scale and the Piper Fatigue Scale’s behavioral, affective and cognitive subscales and total score(p<0.05). As the overall fatigue increased, satisfaction with body parts or functions declined (p<0.05). Oncology nurses should be able to provide care to patients including their sexuality in a holistic approach instead of symptom-focused care. As a result of the research; no significant relationship was found between the total score of the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale and the total score of the Piper Fatigue Scale (p>0.05). Similarly, no significant relationship was found between the total score of the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale and the total score of the Body-Cathexis Scale (p>0.05). They should be aware of other variables (such as fatigue and body image perception) that may affect sexual life and should be approach oncology patients from this perspective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hematology
• Body image perception
• Sexuality
• Fatigue
• Nursing

Kaynakça

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