Use of Virtual Reality Goggles as a Distraction Technique in Pain Management Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Öz

Pain is one of the symptoms experienced after percutaneous coronary intervention. If left untreated, pain can lead to respiratory and circulatory compromise, suppression of the immune system, disruption of patients' sleep patterns, exacerbation of delirium, prolonged hospital stay, mortality and morbidity, and increased costs to patients. Although the use of common pharmacological interventions for pain is effective in relieving symptoms in the short term, their long-term use can cause serious side effects and high costs to the healthcare system. Therefore, other adjunctive methods are needed to reduce pain after percutaneous coronary intervention. Recently, non-pharmacological interventions have been widely used in symptom management. Studies have shown that virtual reality glasses, one of the non-pharmacological treatments, are effective in pain management. It is stated that the effect of using virtual reality goggles, which is one of the distraction techniques, is related to the gate control theory. It can be said that this analgesic effect is produced by slowing down the pain stimuli reaching the reticular system in the brain. Virtual reality goggles are a non-invasive intervention for pain management and an effective method that causes no pain and no side effects. However, the number of studies on the effects of virtual reality in the management of pain after percutaneous coronary intervention is limited. Nurses should be knowledgeable about virtual reality goggles in the management of pain symptoms, inform the patient, and observe the effects of virtual reality goggles on the patient.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• pain
• pain management
• nursing
• virtual reality

Use of Virtual Reality Goggles as a Distraction Technique in Pain Management Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Öz

Perkütan koroner girişim sonrası yaşanan semptomlardan biri de ağrıdır. Tedavi edilmediği takdirde ağrı, solunum ve dolaşım bozukluklarına, bağışıklık sisteminin baskılanmasına, hastaların uyku düzeninin bozulmasına, deliryumun alevlenmesine, hastanede kalış süresinin uzamasına, mortalite ve morbiditeye ve hastalar için maliyetlerin artmasına neden olabilir. Ağrıya yönelik yaygın farmakolojik müdahalelerin kullanımı kısa vadede semptomların giderilmesinde etkili olsa da uzun süreli kullanımları ciddi yan etkilere ve sağlık sistemine yüksek maliyetlere neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle perkütan koroner girişim sonrası ağrıyı azaltmak için başka yardımcı yöntemlere ihtiyaç vardır. Son zamanlarda semptom yönetiminde farmakolojik olmayan müdahaleler yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar, farmakolojik olmayan tedavilerden biri olan sanal gerçeklik gözlüklerinin ağrı kontrolünde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Dikkat dağıtma tekniklerinden biri olan sanal gerçeklik gözlüğü kullanımının etkisinin kapı kontrol teorisi ile ilişkili olduğu belirtiliyor. Bu analjezik etkinin beyindeki retiküler sisteme ulaşan ağrı uyarılarının yavaşlatılmasıyla üretildiği söylenebilir. Sanal gerçeklik gözlükleri, ağrı yönetimine yönelik noninvaziv bir müdahale olup, hiçbir acıya ve yan etkiye neden olmayan etkili bir yöntemdir. Ancak perkütan koroner girişim sonrası ağrı tedavisinde sanal gerçekliğin etkisini araştıran çalışma sayısı sınırlıdır. Hemşirelerin ağrı semptomlarının yönetiminde sanal gerçeklik gözlüğü konusunda bilgi sahibi olması, hastayı bilgilendirmesi ve sanal gerçeklik gözlüğünün hasta üzerindeki etkilerini gözlemlemesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• perkütan koroner girişim
• ağrı
• ağrı yönetimi
• sanal gerçeklik
• hemşirelik

Kaynakça

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