EXAMINING THE LEVEL OF HEALTH LITERACY AMONG INDIVIDUALS SUFFERING FROM CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 268 - 277, 03.12.2022

Sevda Korkut , Songül Karadağ , Cansu Yılmaz , Abdurrahman Oğuzhan

Öz

Objective: Health literacy is important for health protection, prevention of diseases, effective treatment of diseases and improvement of quality of life. This study was conducted to determine the level of general health literacy of individuals with CVD.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted with 440 patients who were admitted to the cardiology clinic/polyclinic. The data of the study were collected by using Patient Identification Form and Adult Health Literacy Scale.
Results: The mean total score of the scale was found to be 12.79 (3.97). The total score of the health literacy of the individuals differed in terms of gender, educational level, occupation, income status, smoking, duration of smoking, BMI, the presence of additional chronic disease, whether or not they were on a diet and how well they had adapted to that diet. It was also found that there was a significant correlation between the total score of the health literacy scale with age, and duration of smoking (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Health literacy of the participants score was at a moderate level. In addition, it was determined that the factors such as age, gender, education level, income level, smoking, the presence of additional chronic disease and whether or not they were on a diet all play an effective role in health literacy level of the participants. The low level of health literacy leads to many problems. Therefore, it is advisable to make necessary trainings and evaluate the effectiveness of these trainings in order to increase the level of health literacy of individuals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Health literacy, nursing, cardiovascular disease

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

-

Teşekkür

-

Kardiyovasküler Hastalığı Olan Bireylerin Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Düzeyinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Sağlık okuryazarlığı, sağlığın korunması, hastalıkların önlenmesi, hastalıkların etkin tedavisi ve yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi için önemlidir. Bu çalışma kardiyovasküler hastalığı olan bireylerin genel sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma kardiyoloji kliniğine/polikliniğine başvuran 440 hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Hasta Tanımlama Formu ve Yetişkin Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Ölçeğin toplam puan ortalaması 12.79 (3.97) olarak bulunmuştur. Bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlığı toplam puanı cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, meslek, gelir durumu, sigara kullanımı, sigara içme süresi, BKİ, ek kronik hastalık varlığı, diyet yapma durumu ve diyete uyum gösterme durumuna göre farklılık göstermiştir. Ayrıca sağlık okuryazarlığı ölçeği toplam puanı ile yaş ve sigara içme süresi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0.01).
Sonuç: Katılımcıların sağlık okuryazarlığı skorunun orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinin yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, meslek, gelir düzeyi, sigara içme, ek kronik hastalık ve diyet programının olması gibi çeşitli faktörlere göre değişiklik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Sağlık okuryazarlığının düşük düzeyde olması birçok soruna yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenle bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerinin artırılması için gerekli eğitimlerin yapılması ve bu eğitimlerin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sağlık okuryazarlığı, hemşirelik, kardiyovasküler hastalık

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

• Hunleth JM, Steinmetz EK, McQueen A, James AS. Beyond adherence: Health care disparities and the struggle to get screened for colon cancer. Qual Health Res 2015;26(1):17-31.
• Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Consumers, The Health System and Health Literacy: Taking Action to Improve Safety And Quality. Sydney: Commonwealth of Australia; 2013.
• Simonds SK. Health education as social policy. Health Education Monograph 1974;2(1):1-25.
• Berckman ND, Davis TC, McCormack L. Health literacy: What is it? J Health Commun 2016;15(Suppl 2):9-19.
• Egbert N, Nanna KM. Health literacy: Challenges and strategies. OJIN: Online J Issues Nurs 2009;14(3):1-9.
• Tanrıöver MD, Yıldırım HH, Demiray Ready FN, Çakır B, Akalın E. Turkey Health Literacy Survey, Health Sen Publications-25, Ankara, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.sagliksen.org.tr/cdn/uploads/gallery/pdf/8dcec50aa18c21cdaf86a2b33001a409.pdf
• Balçık PY, Taşkaya S, Şahin B. Health literacy. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2014;13(4):321-6. (In Turkish)
• World Health Organization, Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). 11 June 2021. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds).
• European Society of Cardiology. Fighting cardiovascular disease– a blueprint for EU action 2020; p.2 Available at: file:///C:/Users/karta/Downloads/05748%20CVD%20plan_digital%20edition.pdf
• Turkish Statistical Institute. Turkey Statistics 2019, 2019. Available at: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2019-33710. (In Turkish)
• Rehan F, Qadeer A, Bashir I, Jamshaid M. Risk factors of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2016;5(8):69-72.
• Ahmadzadeh Kh, Farshidi H, Nikparvar M, Ezati-Rad R, Mahmoodi M. The Relationship Between Health Literacy Level and Quality of Life in Heart Failure Patients. Journal of Health Literacy. Summer 2021;2(6):61-8.
• Cabellos-García AC, Castro-Sánchez E, Martínez-Sabater A, Díaz-Herrera MA, Ocaña-Ortiz A, Juárez-Vela R, et al. Relationship between Determinants of Health, Equity, and Dimensions of Health Literacy in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020;17:2082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062082
• Mohamadnia Motlagh K, Reisi Dehkordi F, SHamsi M, Birjandi M, Rezaei N, Moghadam FA. The relationship between attitude toward self-care behaviors and health literacy in cardiac patients hospitalized in an educational hospital. Journal of Health Literacy 2019;4(2):27-34.
• Eronen J, Paakkari L, Portegijs E, Saajanaho M, Rantanen T. Assessment of health literacy among older Finns. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 2019;31:549-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-018-1104-9
• Albus, C. Health literacy: Is it important for cardiovascular disease prevention? European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 2018;25(9):934-5.
• Diederichs C, Jordan S, Domanska O, Neuhauser H. Health literacy in men and women with cardiovascular diseases and its association with the use of health care services - Results from the population-based GEDA2014/ 2015-EHIS survey in Germany. PLoS ONE 2018;13(12):e0208303. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0208303
• Sørensen K, Pelikan JM, Röthlin F, Ganahl K, Slonska Z, Doyle G, et al. Health literacy in Europe: Comparative results of the European health literacy survey (HLS-EU). Eur J Public Health 2015;25(6):1053-8.
• Sezer A, Kadıoğlu H. Development of adult health literacy scale. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2014;17(3):165-70. (In Turkish)
• Lorini C, Santomauro F, Donzellini M, Capecchi L, Bechini A, Boccalini S, et al. Health literacy and vaccination: A systematic review, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2018;14(2):478-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2017.1392423
• Beyoğlu MM, Avcı DK. Examination of the relationship between health literacy, concern and anxiety in adults with diabetes mellitus or hypertension and comparison with individuals without chronic disease. J Surg Med 2020;4(6):456-9. https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.747645
• Türkoğlu Ç, Analyzing the relationship between health literacy and self-care ability level: The case of Isparta. Süleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences Department of Health Management Master’s thesis. 2016.
• Çimen Z, Bayık Temel A. Investigation of health literacy, perception of health and related factors in elderly patients with chronic illness. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi 2017;33(3):105-25. (In Turkish)
• Lee HY, Lee J, Kim NK. Gender differences in health literacy among Korean adults: Do women have a higher level of health literacy than men? Am J Mens Health 2015;9(5):370-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988314545485
• Liu Y, Wang Y, Liang F, Chen Y, Liu L, Li Y, et al. The health literacy status and ınfluencing factors of older population in xinjiang. Iran J Public Health 2015;44(7):913-9.
• Okyay P, Abacıgıl F. Turkey health literacy scale reliability and validity study. Ankara: Anil Advertising Printing; 2016.
• Bilir N. Health literacy. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Dergisi 2014;12(1):61-8. (In Turkish)
• Kosicka B, Deluga A, Bᶏk J, Chałdaś-Majdańska J, Bieniak M, Machul M, et al. The level of health literacy of seniors living in eastern region of Poland. Preliminary study. Healthcare 2020;8:277. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030277
• Berens EM, Vogt D, Messer M, Hurrelmann K, Schaeffer D. Health literacy among different age groups in Germany: Results of a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2016;16(1):1151.
• Tilahun D, Abera A, Nemera G. Communicative health literacy in patients with non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Tropical Medicine and Health 2021;49:57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-021-00345-9
• Štefková G, Čepová E, Kolarčik P, Geckováb MA. The level of health literacy of students at medical faculties. Kontakt 2018;20(4):363-9.
• Çaylan A, Yayla K, Öztora S, Dağdeviren HN. Assessing health literacy, the factors affecting it and their relation to some health behaviors among adults. Biomedical Research 2017;28(15):6803-7.
• Liu YB, Liu L, Li YF, Chen YL. Relationship between Health Literacy, Health-Related Behaviors and Health Status: A Survey of Elderly Chinese. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015;12:9714-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120809714
• Williamson SS. Differences in health literacy knowledge and experiences among senior nursing students. J Ga Public Health Assoc. 2015;5:184-90.