İNSAN OLMAYI REDDETMEK: HAYDAR ERGÜLEN’İN “ANNE” ŞİİRİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Doğumla başlayan insan varoluşu, özneleşme/nesneleşme, öteki/ben ve bütünlük/eksiklik karşıtlığı içindeki diyalektik bir süreçle şekillenmektedir. Bireyin anne rahminin rahatlığını ve bütünlüğünü doğumla yitirmesi söz konusudur. Acıyı bilmeyen, hiçlik ve varlık ayrımının olmadığı bir konumda bulunan insan yavrusu dünyaya gelir gelmez acıyı ve eksikliği tatmaktadır. İnsanoğlunun doğumla başlayan zorlu mücadelesi ilerleyen süreçlerde bir bütünlük ve sabitlik arayışına dönüşmüştür. Bu varoluş çabaları, bireyin psikolojik derinliğini oluşturmaktadır. 20.yüzyılın en dikkate değer kuramlarından birisi olan psikanaliz bu derinliğe ve insan ruhunu şekillendiren katmanlara ışık tutmaya çalışmıştır. Bugün de etkisini sürdüren bu kuram Freud’un başladığı noktanın çok daha ilerisine ulaşmıştır. Bu bağlamda, psikanalizi farklı bir noktaya taşıyan isimlerden birisi de J. Lacan olmuştur. Öteki ile tanışan bireyin Gerçek, İmge ve Simge dönemlerinin gerilimleri içinde içten dışa taşan bilinci, toplumsal bir konum kazanma çabası bağlamında anlam taşımaktadır. Fakat bir çocuğun ailede başlayan öteki ile tanışma ve bir topluluğun üyesi olarak “insan” olma safhaları bir dizi travmatik deneyime dönüşebilmektedir. Bu makalede çocuk imgesini eserlerinde çok sık kullanan şairlerden birisi olan Haydar Ergülen’in “Anne” adlı şiiri incelenmekte, bir çocuğun varlık problemi, metnin “öteki”si olarak beliren anne üzerinden ortaya konulmaktadır. Şiirin öznesi olan çocuğun yaşadığı varlık muhasebesi ve öteki algısı, J. Lacan’ın Gerçek, İmge ve Simge düzeyleri çerçevesinde anlaşılmaya çalışılmaktadır.

Human existence, which begins with birth, is shaped by a dialectical process within the opposition of subjectivation/objectification, other/self and integrity/incompleteness. It is in question that the individual loses the comfort and integrity of the mother's womb with birth. The human child, who does not know pain and is in a position where there is no distinction between nothingness and existence, tastes pain and deficiency as soon as he is born. The difficult struggle of human beings that started with birth has turned into a search for integrity and stability in the following processes. These existence efforts constitute the psychological depth of the individual. Psychoanalysis, one of the most remarkable theories of the 20th century, tried to shed light on this depth and the layers that shape the human soul. This theory, which continues to be effective today, has reached far beyond the point where Freud started. In this context, one of the names that carried psychoanalysis to a different point was J. Lacan. The consciousness of the individual who meets the other, which overflows from the inside out in the tensions of the Real, Image and Symbol periods, has meaning in the context of his effort to gain a social position. However, the phases of a child's meeting with the other, starting in the family, and becoming "human" as a member of a community can turn into a series of traumatic experiences. In this article, the poem "Mother" of Haydar Ergülen, one of the poets who frequently uses the image of child in his works, is examined, and the existence problem of a child is revealed through the mother who appears as the "other" of the text. The existence accounting and other perception experienced by the child, who is the subject of the poem, is tried to be understood within the framework of J. Lacan's levels of Reality, Image and Symbol. Human existence, which begins with birth, is shaped by a dialectical process within the opposition of subjectivation/objectification, other/self and integrity/incompleteness. It is in question that the individual loses the comfort and integrity of the mother's womb with birth. The human child, who does not know pain and is in a position where there is no distinction between nothingness and existence, tastes pain and deficiency as soon as he is born. The difficult struggle of human beings that started with birth has turned into a search for integrity and stability in the following processes. These existence efforts constitute the psychological depth of the individual. Psychoanalysis, one of the most remarkable theories of the 20th century, tried to shed light on this depth and the layers that shape the human soul. This theory, which continues to be effective today, has reached far beyond the point where Freud started. In this context, one of the names that carried psychoanalysis to a different point was J. Lacan. The consciousness of the individual who meets the other, which overflows from the inside out in the tensions of the Real, Image and Symbol periods, has meaning in the context of his effort to gain a social position. However, the phases of a child's meeting with the other, starting in the family, and becoming "human" as a member of a community can turn into a series of traumatic experiences. In this article, the poem "Mother" of Haydar Ergülen, one of the poets who frequently uses the image of child in his works, is examined, and the existence problem of a child is revealed through the mother who appears as the "other" of the text. The existence accounting and other perception experienced by the child, who is the subject of the poem, is tried to be understood within the framework of J. Lacan's levels of Reality, Image and Symbol.