OKYANUS ALKALİLEŞMESİ: ULUSLARARASI HUKUKTA DEVLETLERİN HAKLARI VE YÜKÜMLÜLÜKLERİ

Öz

Okyanus alkalileşmesi, okyanusun karbon dioksit emme kapasitesini artırmayı ve iklim değişikliğini hafifletmeyi amaçlayan bir jeomühendislik tekniğidir ve uluslararası hukuk çerçevesinde önemli hukuki ve etik değerlendirmeleri gündeme getirmektedir. Bu makale, Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi (BMDHS), uluslararası çevre hukuku ve uluslararası teamül hukuku bağlamında devletlerin okyanus alkalileşmesi konusundaki hak ve yükümlülüklerini incelemektedir. Devlet egemenliği ilkesi, sınır ötesi zararı önleme yükümlülüğü ve deniz çevresini koruma sorumluluğu ele alınarak, devletlerin deniz kaynaklarını kullanma hakları ile çevresel sürdürülebilirliği sağlama yükümlülükleri arasındaki olası çatışmalar değerlendirilmektedir. Hukuki emsaller, antlaşmalar ve uluslararası anlaşmalar incelenerek, bu araştırma okyanus alkalileşmesinin hukuki statüsünü netleştirmeyi ve sorumlu yönetişim için rehber ilkeler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Böylece, bu yöntemin uygulanmasının uluslararası hukuki standartlara uygunluğu sağlanarak küresel çevresel adaletin teşvik edilmesi hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ocean Alkalinization
• Geoengineering
• Environmental Governance
• Marine Environment
• Climate Change Mitigation

OCEAN ALKALINIZATION: RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF STATES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW

Öz

Ocean alkalinization, a geoengineering technique aimed at enhancing the ocean's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide and mitigate climate change, raises significant legal and ethical considerations under international law. This article explores the rights and obligations of states regarding ocean alkalinization within the frameworks of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), international environmental law, and customary international law. It examines the principles of state sovereignty, the duty to prevent transboundary harm, and the obligation to protect the marine environment. The study also addresses the potential conflicts between states' rights to utilise marine resources and their responsibilities to ensure environmental sustainability. By analysing legal precedents, treaties, and international agreements, this research aims to clarify the legal status of ocean alkalinization and propose guidelines for its responsible governance, ensuring that its implementation aligns with international legal standards and promotes global environmental justice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ocean Alkalinization
• Geoengineering
• Environmental Governance
• Marine Environment
• Climate Change Mitigation

Kaynakça

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