Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’de Kıyısal ve Açık sularda Fitoplankton Dinamikleri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 29 - 40, 27.02.2017

Nebil Yücel , Zahit Uysal

https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.280523

Öz

Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’de açık ve nehir
etkisinde kalan kıyısal suları temsilen belirlenen iki istasyonda fitoplankton
dinamiklerini incelemek amacıyla Mayıs 2010 – Ekim 2011 tarihleri arasında
aylık örneklemeler yapılmıştır. Fitoplankton pigment örneklemelerinin yanı sıra
sıcaklık ve tuzluluk verileri de toplanmıştır. Fitoplankton biyokütle
göstergesi olan klorofil-a ve yedi
farklı fitoplankton grubunu (siyanobakteriler, proklorofitler, krizofitler,
primnesiyofitler, klorofitler, diatomlar ve dinoflagellatlar)  temsil eden belirteç pigmentler Yüksek
Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografi (HPLC) tekniği ile ölçülmüştür. Örnekleme dönemi
boyunca yüzey klorofil-a konsantrasyonları kıyı için <0.01 – 6.305 µg/l,
açık sular için 0.006 – 1.554 µg/l aralığında ölçülmüştür. Kıyısal sularda
diatom (%27) ve siyanobakteriler (%25) baskın iken, açık sularda
siyanobakteriler (%35) ve primnesiyofitler (%27) fitoplankton kompozisyonuna
daha fazla katkı yapmıştır. Diatomların açık sularda fitoplankton kompozisyonuna
yaptığı katkının kış ve bahar aylarında az da olsa varlığını arttırdığı
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kıyısal sularda kış mevsiminden sonra siyanobakterilerin
fitoplankton kompozisyonuna yaptığı katkıyı arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Ana
grupların fitoplankton kompozisyonuna yaptığı katkı kıyaslandığında,
prokaryotik pikoplankton’un kıyı ve açık sularda yaz ve güz döneminde baskın
olduğu, kış ve bahar dönemlerinde kıyısal sularda baskın olan büyük
ökaryotların açık sularda aynı dönemde yerini ökaryotik nanoflagellatlara
bıraktığı belirlenmiştir. Nehir girdilerinden etkilenen kıyısal sularda büyük
ökaryotların varlığı ve tuzluluk arasında yüksek oranda anlamlı negatif ilişki
bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pigment, Klorofil-a, HPLC, Mersin Körfezi

Phytoplankton Dynamics in Coastal and Offshore Waters of the Northeastern Mediterranean

Öz

In order to investigate phytoplankton dynamics,
an offshore and a nearshore station which is mainly influenced from river
inputs were sampled monthly for the period May 2010-October 2011 in the
northeastern Mediterranean. In addition to phytoplankton pigment samples CTD
casts for temperature and salinity were also made. Chlorophyll a as an indicator of phytoplankton
biomass and seven other marker pigments representing different phytoplankton
groups (Cyanobacteria, prochlorophytes, chrysophytes, prmnesiophytes,
chlorophytes, diatoms, dinoflagellates) were measured by High Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique. Surface
chlorophyll a concentrations varied
between <0.01 - 6.30 µg/l and 0.006 – 1.554 µg/l in the shallower
coastal and deeper offshore stations, respectively. While the dominant
components of the shelf phytoplankton were diatoms (27%) and cyanobacteria
(25%), contribution of cyanobacteria (35%) and prymnesiophytes (27%) were more
pronounced in the offshore waters. A slight increase in the diatoms’
contribution to phytoplankton composition in offshore waters during winter and
spring was observed. Similar increase in cyanobacteria was also observed in
shelf waters after winter. When the contribution of major groups to
phytoplankton composition is considered, we observe that prokaryotic
picoplankton dominates the shelf and offshore waters during summer &
autumn, whereas,  eukaryotic
nanoflagellates replaces large eukaryotes that dominate shelf waters during
winter and spring in offshore waters in the mean time. Highly significant
negative correlation was observed between large eukaryotes and salinity in the
shelf station.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pigments, Chlorophyll-a, HPLC, Mersin Bay

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