Araştırma Makalesi
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Gümüşi Havuz Balığı ve Gümüş Balığının Türkiye İçsu Balıkçılığındaki Mevcut Durumu

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 41 - 57, 28.02.2017
https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581

Öz

Türkiye,
sahip olduğu tatlısu kaynakları sayesinde, önemli bir içsu balıkçılığı
potansiyeline sahiptir. Türkiye tatlısu balık faunası yaklaşık 340 tür
içermesine rağmen; içsu balıkçılığı, toplam avın %78’ini oluşturan başlıca
4
türe
(yerli türlerden inci balığı-
Alburnus tarichi ve sazan-Cyprinus
carpio,
yabancı türlerden gümüşi havuz balığı(Carassius gibelio) ve denizlerden tatlısulara taşınan gümüş balığı(Atherina boyeri) olmak üzere
başlıca  dört türe bağımlıdır. Gümüşi
havuz balığı ve gümüş balığının ekonomik önemi olmasına rağmen, her iki tür de
Türkiye içsularında istilacı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Sazanın iç pazarda
gördüğü talep ve ticari değeri daha yüksek ve içsu balıkçılık ekonomisine
katkısı (%37), gümüş balığı (%4) ve gümüş havuz balığı (%4)’nın katkısından
daha fazla olmakla birlikte; günümüzde, sazan ve inci balığının av oranı
gittikçe düşerken, gümüş balığı ve gümüş sazanının av oranı artmaktadır. Gümüş
sazanı ve gümüş balığı iç pazarda tüketilmemekte, diğer ülkelere ihraç
edilmektedir. Bu iki türün Türkiye’de tatlısu ekosistemleri ve balıkçılık
açısından olumsuz etkiler yarattığı düşünülmektedir. Sürdürülebilir içsu
balıkçılığını garanti altına almak ve ekolojik etkileşimlerin tam olarak
anlaşılmasını sağlamak üzere, balıkçılık yapılan sistemlerdeki ekolojik,
balıkçılık ve sosyo-ekonomik yapı ile ilgili bilgi boşluğunun acilen
doldurulmasına ihtiyaç vardır.
    



  

Kaynakça

  • Anonymous, 2014. Statistics of water products, The General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture (BSGM), Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. http://www.tarim.gov.tr/BSGM/Belgeler/Icerikler / BSGM_Kasim2014.pdf. (accessed November 2014)
  • Atalay, M.A. and Toslak, C., 2013. Balıklandırma ve İstilacı B alık Türleri ile İlgili Ulusal-Uluslararası Mevzuat. (in Turkish with English abstract). İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi/Journal Of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 28 (1), 63-105.
  • Balık, I., Ozkök, R., Çubuk, H. and Uysal, R., 2004. Investigation of some biological characteristics of the silver crucian carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) population in Lake Eğirdir. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 28, 19–28.
  • Balon, E.K., 1995. The common carp, Cyprinus carpio: its wild origin, domestication in aquaculture and selection as colour nishiki goi. Guelph Ichthyology Reviews, 3, 1-15.
  • Baran, İ. and Ongan, T., 1988. Gala Gölü’nün Limnolojik Özellikleri, Balıkçılık Sorunları ve Öneriler. Gala Gölü ve Sorunları Sempozyumu, Doğal Hayatı Koruma Derneği Bilimsel Yayınlar Serisi, 46-54, İstanbul.
  • Britton, J.R., Davies, G.D. and Harrod, C., 2010. Trophic interactions and consequent impacts of the invasive fish Pseudorasbora parva in a native aquatic foodweb: a field investigation in the UK. Biological Invasions 12, 1533–1542. DOI: 10.1007/s10530-009-9566-5
  • Byers, J.E., Reichard, S., Randall, J.M., Parker, I.M., Smith, C.S., Lonsdale, W.M., Atkinson, I.A.E., Seasted, T.R., Williamson, M., Chornesky, E. and Hayes, D., 2002. Directing Research to Reduce the Impacts of Nonindigenous Species. Conservation Biology, 16(3):630-640.
  • Caiola, N. and De Sostoa, A., 2005. Possible reasons for the decline of two native toothcarps in the Iberian Peninsula: evidence of competition with the introduced Eastern mosquitofish. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 21, 358–363. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2005.00684.x
  • Clavero, M. and García-Berthou, B., 2005. Invasive species are a leading cause of animal extinctions.Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20(3), 110. DOI:10.1016/j.tree.2005.01.003
  • Crivelli, A.J., 1995. Are fish introductions a threat to endemic freshwater fishes in the Northern Mediterranean Region?. Biological Conservation, 72, 311-319.
  • Eiswerth, M.E., Yen, S.T. and van Kooten, G.C. (2011). Factors determining awareness and knowledge of aquatic invasive species. Ecological Economics, 70, 1672–1679. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.04.012
  • Ekmekçi, F.G. and Erk’akan, F., 1997. Eğirdir Gölündeki Sudak Stizostedion lucioperca (Linneaus, 1758) Populasyonunda Ortaya Çıkan Değişimlerin Değerlendirilmesi. (in Turkish with English abstract) Turkish Journal of Zoology, 21, 421-430.
  • Ekmekçi, F.G., Kırankaya, Ş.G., Gençoğlu, L. and Yoğurtçuoğlu, B., 2013. Türkiye İçsularındaki İstilacı Balıkların Güncel Durumu ve İstilanın Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi. (in Turkish with English abstract) İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi/Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 28 (1), 105-140.
  • Enberg, K., Jørgensen, C., Dunlop, E.S., Heino and M., Dieckmann, U., 2009. Implications of fisheries-induced evolution for stock rebuilding and recovery. Evolutionary Applications, 2(3), 394-414. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00077.x
  • FAO, 2008. Fishery Country Profile. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations, Rome.
  • FAO, 2009. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2008. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
  • Frésard, M. and Ropars-Collet, C., 2014. Sustainable harvest of a native species and control of an invasive species: A bioeconomic model of a commercialfishery invaded by a space competitor. Ecological Economics, 106, 1-11. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.06.020
  • Froese, R. and Pauly, D., 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication., www.fishbase.org. Version (07/2014). Accessed August 2013.
  • Gaygusuz, Ö., Tarkan, A.S. and Gürsoy Gaygusuz, Ç., 2007. Changes in the fish community of the Omerli Reservoir (Turkey) following to introduction of non-native gibel carp Carassius gibelio(Bloch, 1782) and other human impacts. Aquatic Invasions, 2(2), 117–120. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/ai.2007.2.2.6
  • Gozlan, R.E., St-Hilaire, S., Feist, S.W., Martin, P., Kent, M.L., 2005. Disese threat to European fish. Nature, 435, 1046. DOI:10.1038/4351046a.
  • Gozlan, R.E., Britton, J.R., Cowx, I., Copp, G.H., 2010. Current knowledge on non-native freshwater fish introductions. Journal of Fish Biology, 76: 751-786. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02566.x
  • Grabowska, J. And Przybylski, M., 2014. Life-history traits of non-native freshwater fish invaders differentiate them from natives in the Central European bioregion. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries DOI: 10.1007/s11160-014-9375-5.
  • Hanfling, B., Bolton, P., Harley, M. and Carvalho, G.R., 2005. A molecular approach to detect hybridisation between crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and non-indigenous carpspecies (Carassius spp. and Cyprinus carpio). Freshwater Biology, 52, 403–417. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01330x
  • Harlıoğlu, A.G., 2011. Present status of fisheries in Turkey. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 21, 667-680. DOI: 10.1007/s11160-011-9204-z
  • Kalous, L., Memiş, D. and Bohlen, J., 2004. Finding of triploid Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1780) (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) in Turkey. Cybium, 28(1), 77–79.
  • Karakaş, H.H. and Türkoğlu, H., 2005. Su ürünlerinin dünyada ve Türkiye’deki durumu (in Turkish with English abstract). Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Harran University , 9(3), 21–28.
  • Kettunen, M., Genoveai, P., Gollasch, S., Pagad, S., Starfinger U., Brink, P. and Shine, C., 2008. Technical support to EU strategy on invasive species (IS)-Assessment of the impacts of IS in Europea and the EU (Final module report for the European Commission) Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEPP), Brussels, Belgium. 40 pp. +Annexes, May 2008, (DG ENV contact).
  • Kırankaya, Ş.G. and Ekmekçi, F.G., 2013. Life-history traits of the invasive population of prussian carp, Carassius gibelio (Actinopterigi: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), from Gelingüllü Reservoir, Yozgat, Turkey. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 43 (1), 31–40. DOI: 10.3750/AIP2013.43.1.05
  • Kottelat, M. and Freyhof, J., 2007. Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Berlin, Germany: Kottelat, Cornol, Switzerland and Freyhof.
  • Küçük, F., 2012. Extict endemic fishes of Turkey: Alburnus akili (Gövce) and Pseudophoxinus handlirschi (Kavinne) (Pisces: Cyprinidae). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 345-347.

The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 41 - 57, 28.02.2017
https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581

Öz

Turkey has potentially important inland
fisheries, with extensive freshwater resources. Although the freshwater
ichthyofauna in Turkey is very
rich, with about 340 species, inland
fisheries depend primarily on 4 species, of which 2 are indigenous (tarek-
Alburnus tarichi, carp-Cyprinus carpio), 1 is non-indigenous
(gibel carp-
Carassius gibelio) and 1
is a translocated marine fish (sand smelt-
Atherina
boyeri
) , accounting for 78% of the entire catch. Both gibel carp and sand
smelt species have been considered invasive species in Turkey, although they
are of increasing commercial importance. Currently, the yield of sand smelt and
gibel carp are increasing, whereas the yield of carp and tarek are decreasing
sharply; h
owever, demand for carp and its economic value are higher in local markets
and the contribution of carp to the inland fishery economy (37%) is higher than
that of both sand smelt (4%) and gibel carp (4%).
Neither
gibel carp nor sand smelt are consumed locally, and both species are exported to
other countries. Hence, some suggest these 2 species have adverse effects on
Turkey’s ecosystem and fisheries.
In order to ensure a sustainable inland fishery
and to obtain a thorough understanding of the ecological interactions there is
an urgent need to fill the data gap related to the ecological, fishery, and
socioeconomic structures in an exploited system

Kaynakça

  • Anonymous, 2014. Statistics of water products, The General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture (BSGM), Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. http://www.tarim.gov.tr/BSGM/Belgeler/Icerikler / BSGM_Kasim2014.pdf. (accessed November 2014)
  • Atalay, M.A. and Toslak, C., 2013. Balıklandırma ve İstilacı B alık Türleri ile İlgili Ulusal-Uluslararası Mevzuat. (in Turkish with English abstract). İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi/Journal Of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 28 (1), 63-105.
  • Balık, I., Ozkök, R., Çubuk, H. and Uysal, R., 2004. Investigation of some biological characteristics of the silver crucian carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) population in Lake Eğirdir. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 28, 19–28.
  • Balon, E.K., 1995. The common carp, Cyprinus carpio: its wild origin, domestication in aquaculture and selection as colour nishiki goi. Guelph Ichthyology Reviews, 3, 1-15.
  • Baran, İ. and Ongan, T., 1988. Gala Gölü’nün Limnolojik Özellikleri, Balıkçılık Sorunları ve Öneriler. Gala Gölü ve Sorunları Sempozyumu, Doğal Hayatı Koruma Derneği Bilimsel Yayınlar Serisi, 46-54, İstanbul.
  • Britton, J.R., Davies, G.D. and Harrod, C., 2010. Trophic interactions and consequent impacts of the invasive fish Pseudorasbora parva in a native aquatic foodweb: a field investigation in the UK. Biological Invasions 12, 1533–1542. DOI: 10.1007/s10530-009-9566-5
  • Byers, J.E., Reichard, S., Randall, J.M., Parker, I.M., Smith, C.S., Lonsdale, W.M., Atkinson, I.A.E., Seasted, T.R., Williamson, M., Chornesky, E. and Hayes, D., 2002. Directing Research to Reduce the Impacts of Nonindigenous Species. Conservation Biology, 16(3):630-640.
  • Caiola, N. and De Sostoa, A., 2005. Possible reasons for the decline of two native toothcarps in the Iberian Peninsula: evidence of competition with the introduced Eastern mosquitofish. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 21, 358–363. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2005.00684.x
  • Clavero, M. and García-Berthou, B., 2005. Invasive species are a leading cause of animal extinctions.Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20(3), 110. DOI:10.1016/j.tree.2005.01.003
  • Crivelli, A.J., 1995. Are fish introductions a threat to endemic freshwater fishes in the Northern Mediterranean Region?. Biological Conservation, 72, 311-319.
  • Eiswerth, M.E., Yen, S.T. and van Kooten, G.C. (2011). Factors determining awareness and knowledge of aquatic invasive species. Ecological Economics, 70, 1672–1679. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.04.012
  • Ekmekçi, F.G. and Erk’akan, F., 1997. Eğirdir Gölündeki Sudak Stizostedion lucioperca (Linneaus, 1758) Populasyonunda Ortaya Çıkan Değişimlerin Değerlendirilmesi. (in Turkish with English abstract) Turkish Journal of Zoology, 21, 421-430.
  • Ekmekçi, F.G., Kırankaya, Ş.G., Gençoğlu, L. and Yoğurtçuoğlu, B., 2013. Türkiye İçsularındaki İstilacı Balıkların Güncel Durumu ve İstilanın Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi. (in Turkish with English abstract) İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi/Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 28 (1), 105-140.
  • Enberg, K., Jørgensen, C., Dunlop, E.S., Heino and M., Dieckmann, U., 2009. Implications of fisheries-induced evolution for stock rebuilding and recovery. Evolutionary Applications, 2(3), 394-414. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00077.x
  • FAO, 2008. Fishery Country Profile. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations, Rome.
  • FAO, 2009. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2008. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
  • Frésard, M. and Ropars-Collet, C., 2014. Sustainable harvest of a native species and control of an invasive species: A bioeconomic model of a commercialfishery invaded by a space competitor. Ecological Economics, 106, 1-11. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.06.020
  • Froese, R. and Pauly, D., 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication., www.fishbase.org. Version (07/2014). Accessed August 2013.
  • Gaygusuz, Ö., Tarkan, A.S. and Gürsoy Gaygusuz, Ç., 2007. Changes in the fish community of the Omerli Reservoir (Turkey) following to introduction of non-native gibel carp Carassius gibelio(Bloch, 1782) and other human impacts. Aquatic Invasions, 2(2), 117–120. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/ai.2007.2.2.6
  • Gozlan, R.E., St-Hilaire, S., Feist, S.W., Martin, P., Kent, M.L., 2005. Disese threat to European fish. Nature, 435, 1046. DOI:10.1038/4351046a.
  • Gozlan, R.E., Britton, J.R., Cowx, I., Copp, G.H., 2010. Current knowledge on non-native freshwater fish introductions. Journal of Fish Biology, 76: 751-786. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02566.x
  • Grabowska, J. And Przybylski, M., 2014. Life-history traits of non-native freshwater fish invaders differentiate them from natives in the Central European bioregion. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries DOI: 10.1007/s11160-014-9375-5.
  • Hanfling, B., Bolton, P., Harley, M. and Carvalho, G.R., 2005. A molecular approach to detect hybridisation between crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and non-indigenous carpspecies (Carassius spp. and Cyprinus carpio). Freshwater Biology, 52, 403–417. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01330x
  • Harlıoğlu, A.G., 2011. Present status of fisheries in Turkey. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 21, 667-680. DOI: 10.1007/s11160-011-9204-z
  • Kalous, L., Memiş, D. and Bohlen, J., 2004. Finding of triploid Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1780) (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) in Turkey. Cybium, 28(1), 77–79.
  • Karakaş, H.H. and Türkoğlu, H., 2005. Su ürünlerinin dünyada ve Türkiye’deki durumu (in Turkish with English abstract). Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Harran University , 9(3), 21–28.
  • Kettunen, M., Genoveai, P., Gollasch, S., Pagad, S., Starfinger U., Brink, P. and Shine, C., 2008. Technical support to EU strategy on invasive species (IS)-Assessment of the impacts of IS in Europea and the EU (Final module report for the European Commission) Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEPP), Brussels, Belgium. 40 pp. +Annexes, May 2008, (DG ENV contact).
  • Kırankaya, Ş.G. and Ekmekçi, F.G., 2013. Life-history traits of the invasive population of prussian carp, Carassius gibelio (Actinopterigi: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), from Gelingüllü Reservoir, Yozgat, Turkey. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 43 (1), 31–40. DOI: 10.3750/AIP2013.43.1.05
  • Kottelat, M. and Freyhof, J., 2007. Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Berlin, Germany: Kottelat, Cornol, Switzerland and Freyhof.
  • Küçük, F., 2012. Extict endemic fishes of Turkey: Alburnus akili (Gövce) and Pseudophoxinus handlirschi (Kavinne) (Pisces: Cyprinidae). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 345-347.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

M. Altuğ Atalay Bu kişi benim

Şerife Gülsün Kırankaya

F. Güler Ekmekçi

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Atalay, M. A., Kırankaya, Ş. G., & Ekmekçi, F. G. (2017). The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries. Aquaculture Studies, 17(1), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581
AMA Atalay MA, Kırankaya ŞG, Ekmekçi FG. The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries. AquaST. Şubat 2017;17(1):41-57. doi:10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581
Chicago Atalay, M. Altuğ, Şerife Gülsün Kırankaya, ve F. Güler Ekmekçi. “The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries”. Aquaculture Studies 17, sy. 1 (Şubat 2017): 41-57. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581.
EndNote Atalay MA, Kırankaya ŞG, Ekmekçi FG (01 Şubat 2017) The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries. Aquaculture Studies 17 1 41–57.
IEEE M. A. Atalay, Ş. G. Kırankaya, ve F. G. Ekmekçi, “The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries”, AquaST, c. 17, sy. 1, ss. 41–57, 2017, doi: 10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581.
ISNAD Atalay, M. Altuğ vd. “The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries”. Aquaculture Studies 17/1 (Şubat 2017), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581.
JAMA Atalay MA, Kırankaya ŞG, Ekmekçi FG. The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries. AquaST. 2017;17:41–57.
MLA Atalay, M. Altuğ vd. “The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries”. Aquaculture Studies, c. 17, sy. 1, 2017, ss. 41-57, doi:10.17693/yunusae.v17i26557.281581.
Vancouver Atalay MA, Kırankaya ŞG, Ekmekçi FG. The Current Status of Gibel Carp and Sand Smelt in Turkey’s Inland Fisheries. AquaST. 2017;17(1):41-57.