Ratlarda gıda kısıtlamasının lipit peroksidasyon ve kanın antioksidan durumuna etkisinin araştırılması

Yıl 2000, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1-2 - 2000, 37 - 41, 18.06.2000

Fahri Bayıroğlu Dide Kılıçalp Recep Aslan

Öz

Kemirgenlerde gıda kısıtlaması, sebebi tam olarak bilinmeyen bazı mekanizmalarla ömür sürelerini artırmaktadır. Bu etkinin açıklanmasında, en fazla antioksidan ve lipit peroksidasyon düzeylerinin etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Metabolik hızın azaltılmasına bağlı olarak, lipit peroksidasyon hasarının düşürülebileceği öne sürülmüştür. Bu çalışmada 8 hafta süre ile % 50 gıda kısıtlaması uygulanan 6 haftalık yaştaki erkek Wistar albino ratlarda, lipit peroksidasyon ve kan antioksidan düzeylerindeki değişimler gözlemlenmiştir. Deneme başlangıcı ve ilk 4 haftalık deneme süresince gözlenen parametrelerde hiçbir değişiklik görülmezken, daha sonraki günlerde deneme grubunun lipit peroksidasyon düzeyinin kontrollere göre istatistiksel önemde p < 0.05 azaldığı bulundu. Deneme grubu süperoksitdismutaz SOD düzeyinde kontrollere göre istatistiksel önemde olmayan bir artış gözlemlenirken, glutatyon peroksidaz GSH-Px düzeyinde bir değişiklik saptanmadı. Bu verilerin ışığında, deneme grubu lipit peroksidasyon düzeyindeki anlamlı azalma, metabolik hızın düşürülmesine bağlı olarak serbest radikal hasarının da azaltılabileceği görüşünü desteklemektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gıda kısıtlaması, Lipit peroksidasyon, Antioksidan

The effect of the food restriction on lipid peroxidation and blood antioxidan levels in rats

Öz

Dietary restriction extends maximum life span in rodents by unknovvn mechanisms. In order to explain these effects, antioxidant and lipid peroxidation levels have been focused widely. It has been proposed that the deleterious effects of lipid peroxidation could be prevented by decreasing the metabolic rate. In this study, in 6- weekold Wistar Albino rats fed with 50% decreased food compared to the Controls during 8 weeks were observed the changes of the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels. At the beginning and the fırst 4 weeks of the experiment, there was no change in the parameters being observed. However after the 4 weeks the lipid peroxidation levels of the restricted group were found to be signifıcantly P< 0.05 decreased compared to the Controls. Although SOD enzyme levels tended to slightly increased in the restricted group, those were not statistically significant. GSH-PX enzyme levels were not found to change during the study. These data suggest that food restriction might decrease the deleterious effects of the lipid peroxidation by reducing the metabolic rate

Anahtar Kelimeler

Food restriction, Lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant

Kaynakça

• 1. Mccay CM, Crowell MF, Maynard LA: The effect of retarded growth upon the length of the lifespan and upon the ultimate body size. J. Nutrition. 10: 63-79, (1935).
• 2. Ross MH: Length of life and nutrition in the rat. J. Nutr. 75:197- 210, (1961).
• 3. Weindrııch R. Walford RL. Fligiel S, Guthıie D: The retardation of aging by dietary restriction: Longevity, immunity and life time energy intake. J. Nutr. 116: 641-651, (1986).
• 4. Masoro EJ: Nutrition and aging. A current assessment. J. Nut. 1 15: 842-848, (1984).
• 5. Masoro EJ: Food restriction in rodents: An evaluation of its role in the study of aging. J. Gerontology. 43: B 59-B64, (1988).
• 6. Yu BP. Masoro EJ, McMahan CA: Nutıitional influences on aging of Fischer 344 rats: I physical metabolic, and longevity characteristics. J. Gerontology 40: 657-670, (1985).
• 7. Maeda H, Gleiser CA, Masoro EJ, Murada I. McMahan CA, Yu BP: Nutritional influences on aging of Fischer 344 Rats: II. Pathology J. Gerontology 40:671-688, (1985).
• 8. Harman D: Fıee Radical Theory of Aging History İn: Free Radicals and Aging (Emerit, I. and Chance, B., eds). pp. 1 -10. Khauser Verlag, Basel, Svvitzerland. (1992).
• 9. Wohaib S A, Godin DV: Starvation-ıelated alterations in free radical tissue defense mechanisms in rats. Diabetes 36: 169- 173,(1987).
• 10. Ciltler RG: Antioxidants, Aging and Longevity. İn: Free Radicals in Biology (Pryor, W.A., ed.) Vol.6, pp.371-428. Academic Press, New York. (1984).
• 11. Laganiere S, Yu BP: Anti-lipoperoxidation action of food restriction. biotechnical and biophysical research Communications 145(3): 1185-1191,(1987).
• 12. Yu BP: Antioxidant action of dietary restriction in the aging process. J. Nut. Science Vitaminol. 39: S75-S83, (1993).
• 13. Akkus 1: Serbest Radikaller ve Fizyopatolojik Etkileri. I. Baskı. Mimoza Yayınları. Konya. (1995).
• 14. Marklund S, Marklund G: Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of progallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J. Biochem, 47:469-474, (1974).
• 15. Flohe L, Gunzler WA: Assays of glutathion peroxidase. Methods enzymology: 105: 114-121,(1984).
• 16. Harman D: The Free-Radical Theory of Aging. In: Modern Biological Theories of Aging (Warnes, R.N., Butler, R.L. Sprott, R.L.. Schneider, E.L., eds.) pp.81-87. Raves Press, New York. (1987).
• 17. Enesco HE. Kruke P: Dictory restriction reduces fluorescent age pigment accumulation in mice. Exp. Gerontol. 16:357-361. (1981).
• 18. Rao G, Xia E, Nadakavukaıen MJ. Richardson A: Effect of dietary restriction on the age-dependent changes in the expıession of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver. J Nutr. 120:602- 609, (1990a).
• 19. Chipalkatti S. De AK. Aiyar AS: Effect of diet restriction on some biochemical parameters related to aging in mice. J. Nutr, 1 13:944-950, (1983).
• 20. Davis LJ, Todolini B. Biagi PL. Walford RL, Rutter WD: Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid fıom soıııces enriched in ıibonucleases. Biochemistry 18:5294-5299, (1979).
• 21. Yu BP, Lee D W, Choi JH: Prevention of Free Radical Damage by Food Restriction. In: Biological Effects of Dietary Restriction (Fishbain, L. ed.), pp.191-197. Spıinger - Verlag, New York. (1991).
• 22. Warner HR: Overview, mechanisms of antioxidant action on life span. Toxical industrial. Health 9:151-161, (1993).
• 23. Barjade Çuiroga G. Lopez Tores M, Peıez - Compo R: Relationship Between Antioxidants, Lipid Peroxidation and Aging. In: Free Radicals and Aging [Emerit, 1., Chance B.. eds.) pp. 109-123. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland. (1992).
• 24. Vericel E, Rey C, Calzada C, Haond P, Chapuy PH, Lagarde M: Age-related changes in aıachidonic acid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity in human platelets. Prostagladins. 43:75-85, (1992).
• 25. Niwa Y, Ishimoto K, Kanoh T: Induction of superoxide dismutase in leucocytes by paraquat: Correlation with age and possible predictor of longevity blood 76: 835-841, (1990).
• 26. Xia E, Rao G, Remmen HV. Heydari AR. Richardson A: Activities of antioxidant enzymes in various tissues of male Fischer 344 Rats are altered by food restriction. J. Nutr. 125: 195-201, (1995).
• Koizumi A, Weindruch R, Walfoıd RL: İnfluences of dietary restıiction and age on liver enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in mice. J. Nııtr. 117: 361-367, (1987).
• Cadenas S, Rojas C, Perez - Campo R, Lopez-Torres M, Barja G: Caloric and carbohydrate restriction in the kidney: Effects on free radical metabolism. Exp. Gerontol. 29:77-88, (1994).
• Pieri C, Falasca M, Moroni F, Recchioni R, Marchesellu F, Ioppo C, Masmocchoni F: Antioxidant enzymes in eıythrocytes from old and diet restricted rats. Boll. Soc. Hal. Biol. Sper. 10:909-914, (1990).
• Jung K, Henke W: Effect of starvation of antioxidant enzymes and respiratory mitochondrial functions in kidney and liver from rats. J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr. 22:163-169, (1997).