Effects of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) Applied on Fruit Set in Processing Tomato Grown at Different Irrigation Levels and under High Temperature Conditions

Abstract

High-temperature and drought stresses frequently occur in the field simultaneously and usually adversely affect plants growth and development. In this study, irrigation was applied in three-day intervals, at ratios of 133 % (T₁₃₃), 100 % (T₁₀₀) and 66 % (T₆₆), as determined from the amount of total irrigation (IW)/total evaporation (CPE) under high temperature conditions. GA₃ was applied to flower at 0, 25 and 50 ppm doses. Total amount of irrigation volumes supplied for T₁₃₃, T₁₀₀ and T₆₆ were recorded as 1 651, 1 321 and 961 mm, respectively. Fruit set rate (FSR) was determined as 2.86 % under high temperature and low irrigation level (T₆₆) without GA₃ application. FSR has increased to 57.36 % ratio by T133 irrigation and 50 ppm GA₃ application. Fruit yield, which was recorded as 34.7 tons ha^-1 for treatment of T₆₆- 0 ppm GA₃ increased to 113.5 tons ha^{-1 in T}₁₃₃- 50 ppm GA₃ treatment. Experimental results showed that both GA₃ applications and irrigation levels would be compensated with substantially the inhibition of fruit set and decrease in yield caused by high temperature and drought. GA₃ application led to significant increase in the yield even at the highest level of irrigation.

Keywords

• Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), Gibberellic acid, Drought, Fruit set, High-temperature stress

Yüksek Sıcaklık Koşullarında ve Farklı Su Seviyesinde Gibberellik Asidin (GA3) Sanayi Domatesinde Meyve Tutumuna Etkisi

Abstract

 Açık tarla koşullarında yüksek sıcaklık ve kuraklık stresleri eş zamanlı olarak sıklıkla karşılaşılan ve genellikle bitki büyüme ve gelişimini olumsuz etkileyen çevre koşullarıdır. Bu çalışmada, yüksek sıcaklık koşulları altında, class-A sınıfı pan buharlaşma kabından 3 günde oluşan toplam buharlaşmanın % 133 (T₁₃₃), % 100 (T₁₀₀) ve % 66 (T₆₆)’sının uygulandığı üç sulama düzeyi çalışılmıştır. Çiçeklere 0, 25, ve 50 ppm GA3 uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Uygulanan toplam sulama suyu miktarı T₁₃₃, T₁₀₀ ve T₆₆ için sırasıyla 1 651, 1 321 ve 961 mm olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Yüksek sıcaklık koşullarında ve en düşük sulama seviyesinde (T₆₆) GA₃ uygulanmayan bitkilerde meyve tutum oranı (MTO) % 2.86 olarak belirlenmiştir. MTO T₁₃₃ sulama seviyesi ve 50 ppm GA₃ uygulamasıyla % 57.36 oranına yükselmiştir. T₆₆ sulama seviyesi ve GA₃ uygulanmayan bitkilerin 3.47 ton/da olan meyve verimi, T₁₃₃ sulama seviyesinde 50 ppm GA₃ uygulamasıyla 11.35 ton/da seviyesine yükselmiştir. Deneme sonuçları, yüksek sıcaklık ve kuraklık nedeniyle engellenen meyve tutumları ve düşen verim değerlerinin hem sulama seviyeleri hem de GA₃ uygulamalarıyla önemli oranda telafi edilebildiğini, en yüksek sulama seviyesinde dahi GA₃ uygulamalarının verimde önemli artışlara neden olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Domates (Solanum lycopersicum), Gibberellik asit, Kuraklık, Meyve tutumu, Yüksek sıcaklık stresi

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