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Farklı Yulaf (Avena sativa L.) Çeşitlerinin Kimyasal Kalite Özellikleri

Year 2017, Volume: 27 Issue: 3, 347 - 356, 29.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.290920

Abstract

Yulaf insan yiyeceği ve hayvan yemi olarak kullanılan önemli bir tahıldır. Bu çalışmada dünyanın farklı yerlerinde yetiştirilmekte olan 81 yulaf çeşidinin üç çevredeki tane kimyasal içeriği araştırılmıştır. Çalışma 2007-2008 ve 2008-2009 yetiştirme sezonlarında Samsun-Kurupelit ve 2008-2009 yetiştirme sezonunda Bafra’da 9 X 9 alfa latis deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Birleştirilmiş varyans analiz sonuçları incelenen tüm özelliklerin çeşitlere göre önemli oranda değiştiğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, çeşit×çevre interaksiyonu tüm özellikler için önemli olmuştur. Çevrelerin ortalamasına göre; çeşitlerin protein oranı % 10.28 ile 13.70, yağ oranı % 3.10 ile 6.37, nişasta oranı % 33.45 ile 46.28, β-glukan oranı % 2.17 ile 3.40, ADF değeri % 13.56 ile 18.54, NDF değeri % 31.35 ile 37.57, potasyum içeriği 3.95 ile 6.19 g/kg, magnezyum içeriği 1.20 ile 1.75 g/kg, fosfor içeriği 3.07 ile 4.32 g/kg ve kalsiyum içeriği ise 0.30 ile 0.52 g/kg arasında değişmiştir. Biplot grafiğine göre; Dal çeşidi, ADF ve NDF değerleri, Capa çeşidi K, Ca, Mg ve protein oranı, CROA 43 çeşidi P içeriği, Barra, Yeşilköy-1779, Kermit, Faikbey ve Calibre-A çeşitleri β-glukan ve nişasta oranı bakımından ön plana çıkan çeşitler olmuştur.

References

  • AACC, American Association of Cereal Chemists (2005). Approved Methods of the AACC (11th ed.). St. Paul, USA.
  • Acar Z, Özyazıcı M A, Korkmaz A, Gülsar C (1995). Samsun yöresinde yalnız ve adi fiğle karışık yetiştirilen bazı yulaf çeşitlerinden elde edilen kuru otun mineral madde kompozisyonu. OMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(3): 119-132.
  • AOAC (2012). Official methods of analysis (19th ed.). Association of Official Chemists. Washington D.C., USA.
  • Atlı A (1999). Buğday ve ürünleri kalitesi. s. 498-506. Orta anadolu’da hububat tarımının sorunları ve çözüm yolları sempozyumu, 8-11 Haziran 1999 Bildirileri. Konya.
  • Boila R J, Campbell L D, Stothers S C, Crow G H, Ibrahim E A (1993). Variation in the mineral content of cereal grains grown at selected locations throughout Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 73(2): 421-429.
  • Brunner B R, R D Freed (1994). Oat grain β-glucan content as affected by nitrogen level, location, and year. Crop Sci. 34:473–476.
  • Campbell C P, Marshall S A, Mandell I B, Wilton W J (1992). Effects of source of dietary neutral detergent fiber on chewing behavior in beef cattle fed pelleted concentrates with or without supplemental roughage. J. Anim Sci., 70, 894- 903.
  • Doehlert D C, McMullen M S, Hammond J J (2001). Genotypic and environmental effects on grain yield and quality of oat grown in North Dakota. Crop Science 41: 1066-1072.
  • Erbaş Ö D, Mut Z (2013). Saf hat yulaf genotiplerinin tarımsal ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. X. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 10-13 Eylül, Konya, 821-828.
  • Givens D I, Davies T W, Laverick R M (2000). Dietary fibre fractions in hulled and naked winter oat grain: effects of cultivar and various agronomic factors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80: 491- 496.
  • Kacar B (1994). Bitki ve toprağın kimyasal analizleri. III. Toprak Analizleri. A.Ü.Z.F. Eğitim Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınlar ı No:3, s. 1-705, Ankara.
  • Kara R, Dokuyucu T, Demirkıran A R, Dumlupınar Z, Akcura M, Akkaya A (2012). Groat element concentration at different spikelets of oat panicles (Avena sativa L.) evaluated at three Turkish locations. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17 (2): 157-165.
  • Kibite S, M J Edney (1998). The inheritance of β-glucan concentration in three oat (Avena sativa L.) crosses. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78:245–250.
  • Kliševičiūtė V, Švirmickas G J, , Alijošius S, Gružauskas R, Šašytė V, Racevičiūtė-Stupelienė A (2016). Nutritional value and digestible energy of different genotypes of oats in the horses nutrition. Veterinarija Ir Zootechnika (Vet Med Zoot). T. 73 (95) Supplement.
  • Kutlu H R (2008). Yem değerlendirme ve analiz yöntemleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Zootekni Bölümü. Ders notu. Z.M. 208. Adana.
  • Kün E (1988). Serin İklim Tahılları, s. 216. Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ders Kitabı, 299, Ankara.
  • Lipkovich İ, Smith E P (2002). Biplot and singular value decomposition macros for excel. Department of Statistics Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA 24061-0439. http://www.jstatsoft.org/v07/i05/paper
  • Martinez M F, Arelovish H M, Wehrhahne L N (2010). Grain yield, nutrient content and lipid profile of oat genotypes grown in a semiarid environment. Field Crops Research, 116: 92-100.
  • McKechnie R (1983). Oat products in bakery foods. Cereal Foods World, 28(10): 635-637.
  • Mut Z, Erbaş Köse, Ö D, Akay, H (2016). Grain yield and some quality traits of different oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes. International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research. 2 (12):83-88.
  • Özcan, M M, Özkan G, Topal A (2006). Characteristics of grains and oils of four different oats (Avena sativa L.) cultivars growing in Turkey. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 57(5-6): 345-352.
  • Peterson, DM, Wesenberg D M, Burrup D E, Erickson C A (2005). Relationships among agronomic traits and grain composition in oat genotypes grown in different environments. Crop Science, 45(4): 1249-1255.
  • Rodehutscord M, Rückert C, Maurer H P, Schenkel H, Schipprack W, Knudsen K E B, Schollenberger M, Laux M, Eklund M, Siegert W, Mosenthin R (2016). Variation in chemical composition and physical characteristics of cereal grains from different genotypes. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 70(2): 87–107.
  • Saastamoinen M, Kumpulainen J, Nummela S (1989). Genetic and environmental in oil content and fatty acid composition of oats, Cereal Chemistry, 66, 296-300.
  • Sarı N, İmamoğlu A, Yıldız Ö (2012). menemen ekolojik koşullarında bazı ümitvar yulaf hatlarının verim ve kalite özellikleri. Anadolu Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi. 22 (1): 18-31.Tiwari, U, Cummins E (2009). Simulation of the factors affecting β-glucan levels during the cultivation of oats. Journal of Cereal Science. 50: 175-183.
  • SAS Institute Inc. (1990). SAS-procedures guide, version 6 (3rd ed.). Carry, USA.
  • Sencar Ö (1988). Farkı ekim sıklığı ve azotlu gübre uygulamalarının dört yulaf çeşidinde tane kalitesine etkisi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 4 (1), 45-56.
  • Silva C F L, Milach S C K, Silva S D A, Montero C R (2008). Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess protein and lipid contents in Avena sativa L. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 8:127-133.
  • Tsikitis V L, Albina J E, Reichner J S (2004). Beta-glucan affects leukocyte navigation in a complex chemotactic gradient. Surgery, 136 (2): 384-9.
  • Van Soest PJ, Robertson J B, Lewis B A (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 74, 3583–3597.
  • Yan, W., Reid J.F., 2008. Breeding line selection based on multiple traits. Crop Sci (48): 417-423.
  • Zhou M, Robards K, Glennie-Holmes M, Helliwell S (1999). Oat lipids: a review. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society, 79: 585-592.

Chemical Quality Properties of Different Oat (Avena sativa L.) Cultivars

Year 2017, Volume: 27 Issue: 3, 347 - 356, 29.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.290920

Abstract

Oat is an important cereal as human food and animal feed. In this study, the chemical content of 81 oat cultivars grown in different country of the world was investigated at 3 environments. This study was carried out during the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 growing seasons in Samsun-Kurupelit and Bafra environments, using a 9×9 alpha-lattice incomplete block design with three replicates. Analysis of the combined data showed significant genotypic differences for all investigated traits. Also, the cultivar × environment interaction was significant for all traits. According to the average of the environments, among the cultivars, protein content varied from 10.28 to 13.70 %, fat content from 3.10 to 6.37 %, starch content ranged from 33.45 to 46.28 %, β-glucan content from 2.17 to 3.40 %, ADF from 13.56 to 18.54 %, NDF from 31.35 to 37.57 %, K concentration from 3.95 to 6.19 g kg-1, Mg concentration from 1.20 to 1.75 g kg-1, P concentration from 3.07 to 4.32 g kg-1 and Ca concentration 0.30 to 0.52 g kg-1. According to Biplot graph; ADF and NDF values for Dal varieties; K, Ca, Mg and protein ratios for the capa variety; P content for CROA 43 varieties; β-glucan and starch ratiofor Barra, Yeşilköy-1779, Kermit, Faikbey and Caliber-A varieties were found in the foreground in terms of properties.

References

  • AACC, American Association of Cereal Chemists (2005). Approved Methods of the AACC (11th ed.). St. Paul, USA.
  • Acar Z, Özyazıcı M A, Korkmaz A, Gülsar C (1995). Samsun yöresinde yalnız ve adi fiğle karışık yetiştirilen bazı yulaf çeşitlerinden elde edilen kuru otun mineral madde kompozisyonu. OMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(3): 119-132.
  • AOAC (2012). Official methods of analysis (19th ed.). Association of Official Chemists. Washington D.C., USA.
  • Atlı A (1999). Buğday ve ürünleri kalitesi. s. 498-506. Orta anadolu’da hububat tarımının sorunları ve çözüm yolları sempozyumu, 8-11 Haziran 1999 Bildirileri. Konya.
  • Boila R J, Campbell L D, Stothers S C, Crow G H, Ibrahim E A (1993). Variation in the mineral content of cereal grains grown at selected locations throughout Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 73(2): 421-429.
  • Brunner B R, R D Freed (1994). Oat grain β-glucan content as affected by nitrogen level, location, and year. Crop Sci. 34:473–476.
  • Campbell C P, Marshall S A, Mandell I B, Wilton W J (1992). Effects of source of dietary neutral detergent fiber on chewing behavior in beef cattle fed pelleted concentrates with or without supplemental roughage. J. Anim Sci., 70, 894- 903.
  • Doehlert D C, McMullen M S, Hammond J J (2001). Genotypic and environmental effects on grain yield and quality of oat grown in North Dakota. Crop Science 41: 1066-1072.
  • Erbaş Ö D, Mut Z (2013). Saf hat yulaf genotiplerinin tarımsal ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. X. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 10-13 Eylül, Konya, 821-828.
  • Givens D I, Davies T W, Laverick R M (2000). Dietary fibre fractions in hulled and naked winter oat grain: effects of cultivar and various agronomic factors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80: 491- 496.
  • Kacar B (1994). Bitki ve toprağın kimyasal analizleri. III. Toprak Analizleri. A.Ü.Z.F. Eğitim Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınlar ı No:3, s. 1-705, Ankara.
  • Kara R, Dokuyucu T, Demirkıran A R, Dumlupınar Z, Akcura M, Akkaya A (2012). Groat element concentration at different spikelets of oat panicles (Avena sativa L.) evaluated at three Turkish locations. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17 (2): 157-165.
  • Kibite S, M J Edney (1998). The inheritance of β-glucan concentration in three oat (Avena sativa L.) crosses. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78:245–250.
  • Kliševičiūtė V, Švirmickas G J, , Alijošius S, Gružauskas R, Šašytė V, Racevičiūtė-Stupelienė A (2016). Nutritional value and digestible energy of different genotypes of oats in the horses nutrition. Veterinarija Ir Zootechnika (Vet Med Zoot). T. 73 (95) Supplement.
  • Kutlu H R (2008). Yem değerlendirme ve analiz yöntemleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Zootekni Bölümü. Ders notu. Z.M. 208. Adana.
  • Kün E (1988). Serin İklim Tahılları, s. 216. Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ders Kitabı, 299, Ankara.
  • Lipkovich İ, Smith E P (2002). Biplot and singular value decomposition macros for excel. Department of Statistics Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA 24061-0439. http://www.jstatsoft.org/v07/i05/paper
  • Martinez M F, Arelovish H M, Wehrhahne L N (2010). Grain yield, nutrient content and lipid profile of oat genotypes grown in a semiarid environment. Field Crops Research, 116: 92-100.
  • McKechnie R (1983). Oat products in bakery foods. Cereal Foods World, 28(10): 635-637.
  • Mut Z, Erbaş Köse, Ö D, Akay, H (2016). Grain yield and some quality traits of different oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes. International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research. 2 (12):83-88.
  • Özcan, M M, Özkan G, Topal A (2006). Characteristics of grains and oils of four different oats (Avena sativa L.) cultivars growing in Turkey. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 57(5-6): 345-352.
  • Peterson, DM, Wesenberg D M, Burrup D E, Erickson C A (2005). Relationships among agronomic traits and grain composition in oat genotypes grown in different environments. Crop Science, 45(4): 1249-1255.
  • Rodehutscord M, Rückert C, Maurer H P, Schenkel H, Schipprack W, Knudsen K E B, Schollenberger M, Laux M, Eklund M, Siegert W, Mosenthin R (2016). Variation in chemical composition and physical characteristics of cereal grains from different genotypes. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 70(2): 87–107.
  • Saastamoinen M, Kumpulainen J, Nummela S (1989). Genetic and environmental in oil content and fatty acid composition of oats, Cereal Chemistry, 66, 296-300.
  • Sarı N, İmamoğlu A, Yıldız Ö (2012). menemen ekolojik koşullarında bazı ümitvar yulaf hatlarının verim ve kalite özellikleri. Anadolu Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi. 22 (1): 18-31.Tiwari, U, Cummins E (2009). Simulation of the factors affecting β-glucan levels during the cultivation of oats. Journal of Cereal Science. 50: 175-183.
  • SAS Institute Inc. (1990). SAS-procedures guide, version 6 (3rd ed.). Carry, USA.
  • Sencar Ö (1988). Farkı ekim sıklığı ve azotlu gübre uygulamalarının dört yulaf çeşidinde tane kalitesine etkisi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 4 (1), 45-56.
  • Silva C F L, Milach S C K, Silva S D A, Montero C R (2008). Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess protein and lipid contents in Avena sativa L. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 8:127-133.
  • Tsikitis V L, Albina J E, Reichner J S (2004). Beta-glucan affects leukocyte navigation in a complex chemotactic gradient. Surgery, 136 (2): 384-9.
  • Van Soest PJ, Robertson J B, Lewis B A (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 74, 3583–3597.
  • Yan, W., Reid J.F., 2008. Breeding line selection based on multiple traits. Crop Sci (48): 417-423.
  • Zhou M, Robards K, Glennie-Holmes M, Helliwell S (1999). Oat lipids: a review. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society, 79: 585-592.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Zeki Mut

Özge Doğanay Erbaş Köse This is me

Hasan Akay

Publication Date September 29, 2017
Acceptance Date August 15, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 27 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Mut, Z., Erbaş Köse, Ö. D., & Akay, H. (2017). Chemical Quality Properties of Different Oat (Avena sativa L.) Cultivars. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 27(3), 347-356. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.290920
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Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences by Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.