Mangan ve Kükürtlü Gübrelemenin Brokolinin (Brassica Oleracea var. italica) Mineral Element İçeriğine Etkisi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 4, 481 - 487, 26.12.2017

Ayşen Akay Fırat Uzun

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.327996

Öz

Brokoli,
yılın serin dönemlerinde iyi yetişen dayanıklı bir sebzedir. Brokolinin iyi bir
şekilde büyümesi için, orta ila yüksek verimliliğe ihtiyaç vardır. Kükürt
eksikliğinin Brassica çeşitlerinde olduğu bilinmektedir; ayrıca mangan
eksikliği ve toksisitesi de bu bitkilerde gözlemlenmiştir. Manganez öncelikle
bitkilerdeki enzim sistemlerinin bir parçası olarak işlev görür. Birkaç önemli
metabolik reaksiyonu aktive eder ve klorofil sentezine yardımcı olarak
fotosentezde doğrudan rol oynar. Bununla birlikte, bu ürünün elverişli mineral
içeriği ve verimliliğinin nasıl etkilendiği konusunda yeterli bilgi mevcut
değildir. Bu amaçla brokolinin verimi ve element içeriği üzerine farklı
manganez ve kükürt gübre dozlarının etkisini değerlendirmek için; Konya'da bir
sera denemesi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada brokoli bitkisinin (Brassica oleraceae var. italica) mineral
içeriği üzerine mangan (0- 0,3- 0,6- 1,2- 2,4 kg Mn / da) ve kükürt
(0- 4- 8 kg
S / da) uygulamalarının etkisi belirlenmiştir. Kontrollü koşullar altında
gerçekleştirilen denemede; bitki boyu, yaprak yüzey alanı, bitki sürgün
ağırlığı (g) değerleri belirlendi. Hasat sonrası verim, brokoli bitkisinin
mineral konsantrasyonları (S, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, P, K, Ca, Mg, N) belirlenmiştir. Çalışma
sonunda mangan ve kükürt uygulamaları ile taze gövde verimine pozitif etki
ettiği ve özellikle de 8 kg S/da kükürt uygulamasının taze gövde verimini
önemli oranda artırdığı (P<0.05) belirlendi. Bitkide Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Na,
Mn, Zn, Cu ve B içerikleri ve bitki gövde kısmı ile topraktan S ve Mn alımının
önemli oranda arttığı tespit edilmiştir (P<0.01).  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kükürt, Brassicaceae, Brokoli, Mangan, Mineral konsantrasyonu, Kükürt

Influence of Manganese and Sulphur Fertilization on the Mineral Composition of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica)

Öz

Broccoli is a hardy vegetable that develops best during cool seasons of
the year. For efficient growth, broccoli has a moderate to high fertility
requirement. Sulphur deficiency is known to occur in brassica crops and Mn
deficiency and toxicity has also been observed in these plants. Mn functions
primarily as part of enzyme systems in plants. It activates several important
metabolic reactions and plays a direct role in photosynthesis by aiding
chlorophyll synthesis. However,
insufficient information is available on the mineral content of this product
and how fertilization might influence it. For this
purpose, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in Konya to evaluate the
influence of different Mn and S fertilizer doses on the productivity and
element content of broccoli. The influence of Mn and S (0-0,3- 0,6- 1,2- 2,4 kg Mn /da and 0-4-8 kg S/da applications) on the
mineral content of broccoli sprouts (Brassica
oleraceae var. italica cv.) was determined in this study. In the
experiment carried out under controlled conditions, plant height, leaf surface
area and plant shoot fresh weight were determined in the plants. After the
harvest yield, mineral concentrations (S, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, P, K, Ca, Mg, N) of
broccoli plants were analyzed. S and Mn applications had positive effects on shoot
fresh yield and especially at the dose of 8 kg S/da application significantly
increased shoot fresh yield (P<0.05), plant Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Na, Mn, Zn, Cu,
and B contents, and the amount of S and Mn uptake by shoot from the soil (P<0.01).
 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sulphur, Brassicaceae, Broccoli, Manganese, Mineral concentration, Sulphur

Kaynakça

• Biswas BC, Tewatia RK (1991). Role of sülfür in balanced plant nutrition Indian experience. In: proc. International Symposium on the role of Sulfur, Magnesium and Micronutrients in Balanced Plant Nutrition, China, :98-106. Decoteau DR (2000). Vegetable Crops. Upper Rever Company. New Jersey, USA.
• Elwan MW and Abd El-Hamed KE (2011). Influence of nitrogen form, growing season and sulfur fertilization on yield and the content of nitrate and vitamin C of broccoli. Scientia Horticulturae 127.(3) : 181-187.
• Epstein E (1961). The essential role of calcium in selective cation transport by plant cells.Plant Physiology 36.(4) : 437.
• Eriksen JK, Kristensen T, Askegard M (2004). Plant availability of catch crop sulfur following spring incorporation. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 167,609–615.
• Fahey JW, Harıstoy X, Dolan PM, Kensler TW, Scholtus I, Stephenson KK, Talalay P, Loznıewskı A (2002).Sulforaphane inhibits extracellular, intracellular, and antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and prevents benzo[a]pyrene-induced stomach tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci. USA. 99: 7610-7615.
• Hlusek J, Rıchter R, Ryant P, Kolar L (2002). Vyziva a hnojeni zahradnich plodin. Praha : Zemedelec, 94 s. ISBN 80-902413-5-2.
• Jones RB, Faragher JD, Winkler S (2006). A review of the influence of post harvest treatments on quality and glucosinalate content in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) heads. Post harvest Biology and Technology. 41 (2006) 1–8.
• Joseph MA, Moysich KB, Freudenheim JL, Shields PG, Bowman ED, Zhang Y, Marshall JR, Ambrosone CB (2004). Cruciferous vegetables, genetic polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1, and prostate cancer risk. In: Nutrition and cancer, 50(2) : 206–213.
• McKeown AW, Bakker CJ (2003). "The response of late storage cabbage and broccoli to applications of sulphur and calcium." Canadian journal of plant science 83.(4) : 947-950.
• Mutaftchiev LK (2003). "Catalytic spectrophotometric determination of manganese in some medicinal plants and their infusions." Turkish Journal of Chemistry 27.(5): 619-626.
• Mutaftchiev LK (2001). "Determination of free state manganese (II) in decoctions of some medicinal plants by a kinetic spectrophotometric method." Analytical letters 34.(8) : 1401-1411.
• Nicoforova V, Freitag J, Kempa S, Adamik M, Hesse H, Hoefgen R (2003). Transcriptome analysis of sulfur depletion in Arabidopsis thaliana: interacting of biosynthetic pathways provides response specificity. Plant J. 33, 633– 650.
• Schonhof I, Blankenburg D, Mueller S, Krumbein A (2007). Sulfur and nitrogen supply influence growth, product appearance, andglucosinolate concentration of broccoli. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 170, 1–8.
• Slosar M, Cekey N (2008). Hlubova zelenina – vyznamna sucastvyzivy cloveka. In: Zahradnictvi, 12,(8): 16–17.
• Spitz MR, Duphorne CM, Detry MA, Pillow PC, Amos CL, De Andrade LLM, Xiangjun G, Hong WK, Xifeng W (2000). Dietary intake of isothiocyanates: evidence of a joint effect with glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms in lung cancer risk. In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 9, (10),1017–1020.
• Thomson HC, Kelly WC (1985). Vegetable Crops. 5th ed. Mcgrow-Hill Book Co. p. 15.
• Winkler S, Faragher J, Franz P, Imsic M, Jones R (2007). Glucoraphanin and flavonoid levels remain stable during simulated transport and marketing of broccoli (Bassica oleracea L. var. italica) heads. Post harvest Biology and Technology, 43(1): 89-94.
• Yoldas F, Ceylan S, Yagmur B, Mordogan N (2008). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield quality and nutrient content in broccoli. J. Plant Nutr., 31: 13-43.