Using DNA Barcoding in Fungal Taxonomy

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 30 Sayı: Ek sayı (Additional issue), 989 - 997, 31.12.2020

Younes Rezaee Danesh Semra Demir

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.751901

Cited By: 1

Öz

Totally, 1.5 million fungal species estimated, of which less than 10 percent have been described to date. Recent advances in molecular biology as well as gene sequencing technologies facilitate the discovery and identification of new species in various groups of living organisms, especially fungi. Morphological methods do not have efficiency for the identification of fungal species, so, using new techniques based on DNA data has been considered in the rapid and accurate fungal species identification. DNA Barcoding is a new technique with several years’ backgrounds for detecting fungi and fungal like organisms. The Internal Transcribed Spacer in ribosomal RNA gene (ITS-rDNA) has been considered as a suitable barcode sequence. The efficacy of this region’s sequence data in most fungal groups has led to its use as a standard barcode by different mycologists. However, the ITS-rDNA region appears to be used as the primary barcode sequence for fungi of the genus or species group. The accurate species-specific identification is performed depending on the fungal group based on secondary barcodes. Due to the pleomorphic nature of fungi, the use of DNA barcoding is of importance. To date, hundreds of thousands of reference barcode sequences have been created for thousands of species of living organisms through DNA barcoding projects. The subsequent efforts of scientists are managing and automation of DNA barcoding in order to speed up the identification process.

Anahtar Kelimeler

DNA Barcoding, Fungi, Molecular Taxonomy, Species Concept

Fungus Taksonomisinde DNA Barkodlamasının Kullanılması

Öz

Günümüzde toplam 1.5 milyon olduğu tahmin edilen fungus türünün %10’undan daha azı tanımlanmıştır. Moleküler biyolojideki son gelişmeler ve gen sıralama teknolojileri, çeşitli canlı organizma gruplarında, özellikle funguslarda yeni türlerin keşfedilmesini ve tanımlanmasını kolaylaştırmaktadır. Fungus türlerinin tanımlanmasında morfolojik yöntemler yeterli değildir, bu nedenle, hızlı ve doğru tanımlamada DNA verilerine dayalı yeni tekniklerin kullanılması ön plana çıkarılmıştır. DNA Barkodlama, fungus ve fungus benzeri mikroorganizmaları tespit etmek için kullanılan yıllık geçmişi olan yeni bir tekniktir. Ribozomal RNA genindeki ITS-rDNA uygun bir barkod dizisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu bölge sekans verilerinin etkinliği, farklı mikologlar tarafından birçok fungusta standart bir barkod olarak kullanılmasına yol açmıştır. Bununla birlikte, ITS-rDNA bölgesinin fungus cins ve türlerinin tanılanmasında birincil barkod dizisi olarak kullanıldığı görülmekte, fungus gruplarındaki türe özgü kesin tanılama ise ikincil barkodlara dayalı olarak yapılmaktadır. Fungusların pleomorfik doğası nedeniyle, DNA barkodlamasının kullanılması çok önemlidir. Bugüne kadar, DNA barkodlama projeleri ile binlerce canlı organizma türü için yüz binlerce referans barkod dizisi oluşturulmuştur. Bilim adamlarının bundan sonraki çalışmaları tanımlama sürecini hızlandırmak için DNA barkodunun yönetimi ve otomasyonu yönündedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fungi, Molecular Taxonomy, Species Concept, DNA Barcoding

Kaynakça

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