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Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 137 - 148, 01.08.2010

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akgünlü, F., Z., 2005. Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)’nin Değişik Popülasyonlarının Sentetik Pyretroidli İlaçlara Karşı Meydana Getirdiği Direncin İzlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 41s, Ankara.
  • Alon, M., F. Alon, R. Nauen and S. Morin, 2008. Organophosphates Resistance in the B- biotype of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is Associated with a Point Mutation in an Ace1-type Acetylcholinesterase and Overexpression of Carboxylesterase. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 38, 940–949.
  • Anazawa, Y., T. Tomita, Y. Aiki, T. Kozaki and Y. Konoa, 2003. Sequence of a cDNA Encoding Acetylcholinesterase from Susceptible and Resistant Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 33: 509–514.
  • Ay, R. and Yorulmaz, S., 2008. The Evaluation of the Esterase and Glutathion S- Transferase Enzymes in Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina:Tetranychidae) Selected with Bifenthrin. Integrative Acarology Proceedings on the 6th European Association of Acarologists Congress, 419-424, 21-25 July, Fransa.
  • Ay, R. ve S. Yorulmaz, 2009. Inheritance and Detoxification Enzyme Levels in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Strain Selected with Chlorpyrifos. Journal of Pest Science , (basılmamış yayın).
  • Baffi, M. A., C. D. Pereira, G. R. Souza, A. M. Bonetti, C. B. Ceron and L. R. Gourlart, 2005. Esterase Profile in a Pyrethroid-Resistant Brazilian strain of the Cattle Tick Boophilus microplus (Acari, Ixodidae). Genetics and Molecular Biology, 28(4): 749- 753.
  • Brodgon, W. G. and J. C. McAllister, 1998. Insecticide Resistance and Vector Control. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 4(4): 605-613.
  • Brown, W. 1958. Insecticide Resistance in Arthropods. W.H.O., 1958, 240 p. Genewe.
  • Bues, R., J. C. Bouvier, L. Boudinhon, 2005. Insecticide Resistance and Mechanism of Resistance to Selected Strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the South of France . Crop Protection, 24: 814-820.
  • Çakır, Ş. ve Ş. Yamanel, 2005. Böceklerde İnsektisitlere Direnç. Gazi Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi, 6(1): 21-29.
  • Devonshire, A., L., 1977. The Properties of a Carboxylesterase from the Peach-Potato Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.), and its Role in Conferring Insecticide Resistance. Biochemical Journal, 167, 675-683.
  • Feyereisen, 1999. Insect P450 Enzymes. Annual Review of Entomology, 44: 507–33.
  • Giray, H., 1977. Böceklerin İnsektisitlere Karşı Dayanıklılığı. Türkiye Bitki Koruma Dergisi, 1 (1): 29-38.
  • Gonzalez, T., J. A. Bisset, C. Diaz, M. M. Rodriguez, M. B. Brandolini, 1999. Insecticide Resistance in a Culex quinquefasciatus Strain from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 94(1): 121-132.
  • Hollingworth, R.M. and K. Dong, 2008. The Biochemical and Molecular Genetic Basis of Resistance to Pesticides in Arthropods. (Global Pesticide Resistance in Arthropods, Ed: Whalaon, M.E., Mota-Sanchez, D. And Hollingworth, R.M.), 40-90, Cromwell, UK.
  • Huang, S. and Z. Han, 2007. Mechanisms for Multiple Resistances in Field Populations of Common Cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) in China. Esticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 87, 14-22.
  • Kang, C. Y., G. Wu, T. Miyata, 2006. Synergism of Enzyme Inhibitors and Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (HOM., Aleyrodidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 130(6-7): 377-385.
  • Konanz, S. and R. Nauen, 2004. Purification and Partial Characetrization of a Glutathione S-transferase from the Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 79(2): 49-57.
  • Kranthi, K., R., 2005. Insecticide Resistance Monitoring, Mechanisms and Management Manual. Central Institute for Cotton Research 51-87.
  • Krieger, R., I., 2001. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology Second Edition. Academic Pres, 531-554.
  • Levitin, E. and E. Cohen, 1998. The İnvolvement of Acetylcholinesterase in Resistance of the California Red Scale Aonidiella aurantii to Organophosphorus Pesticides. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 88: 115-121.
  • Öncüer, C.,2004. Tarımsal Zararlılarla Savaş Yöntemleri ve İlaçları. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 19, 424s. Aydın.
  • Pottelberge, S. V., T. V. Leeuwen, K. V. Amermaet and L. Tirry, 2008. Induction of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Activity in the Two-spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae and Its Influence on Acaricide Toxicity. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 91, 128–133.
  • Rakotondravelo, M. L., T. D. Anderson, R. E. Charlton, K. Y. Zhu, 2006. Sublethal Effects of Three Pesticides on Activities of Selected Target and Detoxification Enzymes in the Aquatic Midge, Chironomus tentans (Diptera: Chironomidae). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 51: 360-366.
  • Rauch, N. and R. Nauen, 2003. Spirodiclofen Resistance Risk Assessment in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): a Biochemical Approach. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 74: 91-101.
  • Riberio, B. M., R.N.C. Guedes, E. E. Oliveira, J. P. Santos, 2003. Insecticide Resistance and Synergism in Brazilian Populations of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 39: 21-31.
  • Sato, M. E., T. Tanaka, T. Miyata, 2006. Monooxygenase Activity in Methidathion Resistant and Susceptible Populations of Amblyseius womersleyi (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 39: 13-24.
  • Scott, J., G., 1999. Cytochromes P450 and Insecticide Resistance. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: 29, 757-777.
  • Soderlund, D., M., 1997. Molecular Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance. (Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Agrochemicals, Volume Ed: Sjut, V., Chemistry of Plant Protection, Ed: Ebing, V.), Vol: 13, 21-73, Springer Germany.
  • Stumpf, N. and R. Nauen, 2001. Cross-Resistance, Inheritance and Biochemistry of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Inhibitör-Acaricide Resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal Economy Entomology, 94(6): 1577-1583.
  • Stumpf, N. and R. Nauen, 2002. Biochemical Markers Linked to Abamaectin Resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 72: 111-121.
  • Susurluk, H. 2008. İki benekli Kırmızıörümcek Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina:Tetranychidae)’de Piretroid İnsektisitlere Karşı Oluşan Direncin Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi.
  • Szlendak, E., C. Conyers, J. Muggleton, B. B. Thind, 2000. Pirimiphos-methyl Resistance in Two Stored Product Mites, Acarus siro and Acarus farris, as Detcted by İmpregnated Paper Bioassay and Esterase Activity Assay. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 24: 45-54.
  • Tsagkarakou, A., T. V. Leeuwen, A. Khajehalit, M. Grispou, M. S. Williamsons, L. Tirry, and J. Vontas, 2009. Identification of Pyrethroid Resistance Associated Mıutations in the Para Sodium Channel of the Two Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari:Tetranychidae). Insect Molecular Biology, 18(5): 583-593.
  • Uğurlu, S. 2001. Heliothis armigera (HUBN.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’nin Değişik Popülasyonlarının Bazı İnsektisitlere Karşı Duyarlılık Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi, Doktora Tezi, 86s, Ankara.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., V. Stıllatus, L. Tirry, 2004. Genetic Analysis and Cross-Resistance Spectrum of a Labaratory-Selected Chlorfenapry Resistant Strain of Two-spotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). Experimental & Applied Acarology, 32: 249-261.
  • Velioğlu, S. ve S. Toros, 2006. Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’de İnsektisitlere Direnç ile İlişkili Karboksilesterazın Spektrofotometre ve Elektroforez ile Belirlenmesi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 46: (1-4) 1-12.
  • Vontas, J. G., A. A. Enayati, G. J. Small, J. Hemingway, 2000. A Simple Biochemical Assay for Glutathione S-Transferase Activity and Its Possible Field Application for Screening Glutathione S-Transferase- Based Insecticide Resistance. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 68: 184-192.
  • Yorulmaz, S. ve R. Ay, 2009. Multiple Resistance, Detoxifying Enzyme Activities and İnheritance of Abamectin Resistance of Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 (4): 393-402.
  • Yu, S. J. 2008. The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides. CRC Pres Taylor- Francis Group, 250 pp.
  • Wang, L. and Y. Wu, 2007. Cross-Resistance and Biochemical Mechanisms of Abamectin Resitance in the B-type Bemisia tabaci. Journal of Applied Entomology, 131(2), 98- 103.
  • Wilson, T., G. and E. Hodgson, 1971. Microsomal NADPH-Cytochrome C Reductase From The Housefly, Musca Domestica, Properties of The Purified Enzyme. Insect Biochemistry, 1: 19-26.
  • Wheelock, C. E., G. Shan, J. Ottea, 2005. Overview of Carboxylesterases and Their Role in the Metabolism of Insecticides. Journal of Pesticide Science, 30(2): 75-3.

Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 137 - 148, 01.08.2010

Öz

Tarımda zararlı böceklerin savaşımında uygulamasının kolay olması ve kısa sürede etki göstermesi nedeniyle diğer savaşım yöntemlerine göre daha çok kimyasal savaşım tercih edilmektedir. Ancak zararlılara karşı pestisitlerin bilinçsiz kullanımı sonucunda doğal dengenin bozulması, çevre kirliliği, yararlı böceklerin olumsuz etkilenmesi ve zararlıların bunlara direnç kazanması gibi birçok problem ortaya çıkmaktadır. Buna ilaveten pestisitlere çoklu ve çapraz direnç kazanmış zararlılarda aynı veya farklı gruptan ilaçlar da etki göstermemekte ve böceğin savaşımı zorlaşmaktadır. Bu makalede, zararlıların savaşımında yaygın kullanılan insektisitlere karşı gelişen fizyolojik direnç mekanizmaları ve böcek vücudunda bulunan esteraz, glutatyon S-transferaz ve P450 monooksigenaz gibi bazı detoksifikasyon enzimlerin aktivitelerinin artışlarının direnç gelişimi ile ilişkileri incelenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Akgünlü, F., Z., 2005. Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)’nin Değişik Popülasyonlarının Sentetik Pyretroidli İlaçlara Karşı Meydana Getirdiği Direncin İzlenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 41s, Ankara.
  • Alon, M., F. Alon, R. Nauen and S. Morin, 2008. Organophosphates Resistance in the B- biotype of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is Associated with a Point Mutation in an Ace1-type Acetylcholinesterase and Overexpression of Carboxylesterase. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 38, 940–949.
  • Anazawa, Y., T. Tomita, Y. Aiki, T. Kozaki and Y. Konoa, 2003. Sequence of a cDNA Encoding Acetylcholinesterase from Susceptible and Resistant Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 33: 509–514.
  • Ay, R. and Yorulmaz, S., 2008. The Evaluation of the Esterase and Glutathion S- Transferase Enzymes in Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina:Tetranychidae) Selected with Bifenthrin. Integrative Acarology Proceedings on the 6th European Association of Acarologists Congress, 419-424, 21-25 July, Fransa.
  • Ay, R. ve S. Yorulmaz, 2009. Inheritance and Detoxification Enzyme Levels in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Strain Selected with Chlorpyrifos. Journal of Pest Science , (basılmamış yayın).
  • Baffi, M. A., C. D. Pereira, G. R. Souza, A. M. Bonetti, C. B. Ceron and L. R. Gourlart, 2005. Esterase Profile in a Pyrethroid-Resistant Brazilian strain of the Cattle Tick Boophilus microplus (Acari, Ixodidae). Genetics and Molecular Biology, 28(4): 749- 753.
  • Brodgon, W. G. and J. C. McAllister, 1998. Insecticide Resistance and Vector Control. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 4(4): 605-613.
  • Brown, W. 1958. Insecticide Resistance in Arthropods. W.H.O., 1958, 240 p. Genewe.
  • Bues, R., J. C. Bouvier, L. Boudinhon, 2005. Insecticide Resistance and Mechanism of Resistance to Selected Strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the South of France . Crop Protection, 24: 814-820.
  • Çakır, Ş. ve Ş. Yamanel, 2005. Böceklerde İnsektisitlere Direnç. Gazi Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi, 6(1): 21-29.
  • Devonshire, A., L., 1977. The Properties of a Carboxylesterase from the Peach-Potato Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.), and its Role in Conferring Insecticide Resistance. Biochemical Journal, 167, 675-683.
  • Feyereisen, 1999. Insect P450 Enzymes. Annual Review of Entomology, 44: 507–33.
  • Giray, H., 1977. Böceklerin İnsektisitlere Karşı Dayanıklılığı. Türkiye Bitki Koruma Dergisi, 1 (1): 29-38.
  • Gonzalez, T., J. A. Bisset, C. Diaz, M. M. Rodriguez, M. B. Brandolini, 1999. Insecticide Resistance in a Culex quinquefasciatus Strain from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 94(1): 121-132.
  • Hollingworth, R.M. and K. Dong, 2008. The Biochemical and Molecular Genetic Basis of Resistance to Pesticides in Arthropods. (Global Pesticide Resistance in Arthropods, Ed: Whalaon, M.E., Mota-Sanchez, D. And Hollingworth, R.M.), 40-90, Cromwell, UK.
  • Huang, S. and Z. Han, 2007. Mechanisms for Multiple Resistances in Field Populations of Common Cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) in China. Esticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 87, 14-22.
  • Kang, C. Y., G. Wu, T. Miyata, 2006. Synergism of Enzyme Inhibitors and Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (HOM., Aleyrodidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 130(6-7): 377-385.
  • Konanz, S. and R. Nauen, 2004. Purification and Partial Characetrization of a Glutathione S-transferase from the Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 79(2): 49-57.
  • Kranthi, K., R., 2005. Insecticide Resistance Monitoring, Mechanisms and Management Manual. Central Institute for Cotton Research 51-87.
  • Krieger, R., I., 2001. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology Second Edition. Academic Pres, 531-554.
  • Levitin, E. and E. Cohen, 1998. The İnvolvement of Acetylcholinesterase in Resistance of the California Red Scale Aonidiella aurantii to Organophosphorus Pesticides. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 88: 115-121.
  • Öncüer, C.,2004. Tarımsal Zararlılarla Savaş Yöntemleri ve İlaçları. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 19, 424s. Aydın.
  • Pottelberge, S. V., T. V. Leeuwen, K. V. Amermaet and L. Tirry, 2008. Induction of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Activity in the Two-spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae and Its Influence on Acaricide Toxicity. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 91, 128–133.
  • Rakotondravelo, M. L., T. D. Anderson, R. E. Charlton, K. Y. Zhu, 2006. Sublethal Effects of Three Pesticides on Activities of Selected Target and Detoxification Enzymes in the Aquatic Midge, Chironomus tentans (Diptera: Chironomidae). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 51: 360-366.
  • Rauch, N. and R. Nauen, 2003. Spirodiclofen Resistance Risk Assessment in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): a Biochemical Approach. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 74: 91-101.
  • Riberio, B. M., R.N.C. Guedes, E. E. Oliveira, J. P. Santos, 2003. Insecticide Resistance and Synergism in Brazilian Populations of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 39: 21-31.
  • Sato, M. E., T. Tanaka, T. Miyata, 2006. Monooxygenase Activity in Methidathion Resistant and Susceptible Populations of Amblyseius womersleyi (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 39: 13-24.
  • Scott, J., G., 1999. Cytochromes P450 and Insecticide Resistance. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: 29, 757-777.
  • Soderlund, D., M., 1997. Molecular Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance. (Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Agrochemicals, Volume Ed: Sjut, V., Chemistry of Plant Protection, Ed: Ebing, V.), Vol: 13, 21-73, Springer Germany.
  • Stumpf, N. and R. Nauen, 2001. Cross-Resistance, Inheritance and Biochemistry of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Inhibitör-Acaricide Resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal Economy Entomology, 94(6): 1577-1583.
  • Stumpf, N. and R. Nauen, 2002. Biochemical Markers Linked to Abamaectin Resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 72: 111-121.
  • Susurluk, H. 2008. İki benekli Kırmızıörümcek Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina:Tetranychidae)’de Piretroid İnsektisitlere Karşı Oluşan Direncin Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi.
  • Szlendak, E., C. Conyers, J. Muggleton, B. B. Thind, 2000. Pirimiphos-methyl Resistance in Two Stored Product Mites, Acarus siro and Acarus farris, as Detcted by İmpregnated Paper Bioassay and Esterase Activity Assay. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 24: 45-54.
  • Tsagkarakou, A., T. V. Leeuwen, A. Khajehalit, M. Grispou, M. S. Williamsons, L. Tirry, and J. Vontas, 2009. Identification of Pyrethroid Resistance Associated Mıutations in the Para Sodium Channel of the Two Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari:Tetranychidae). Insect Molecular Biology, 18(5): 583-593.
  • Uğurlu, S. 2001. Heliothis armigera (HUBN.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’nin Değişik Popülasyonlarının Bazı İnsektisitlere Karşı Duyarlılık Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi, Doktora Tezi, 86s, Ankara.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., V. Stıllatus, L. Tirry, 2004. Genetic Analysis and Cross-Resistance Spectrum of a Labaratory-Selected Chlorfenapry Resistant Strain of Two-spotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). Experimental & Applied Acarology, 32: 249-261.
  • Velioğlu, S. ve S. Toros, 2006. Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’de İnsektisitlere Direnç ile İlişkili Karboksilesterazın Spektrofotometre ve Elektroforez ile Belirlenmesi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 46: (1-4) 1-12.
  • Vontas, J. G., A. A. Enayati, G. J. Small, J. Hemingway, 2000. A Simple Biochemical Assay for Glutathione S-Transferase Activity and Its Possible Field Application for Screening Glutathione S-Transferase- Based Insecticide Resistance. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 68: 184-192.
  • Yorulmaz, S. ve R. Ay, 2009. Multiple Resistance, Detoxifying Enzyme Activities and İnheritance of Abamectin Resistance of Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 (4): 393-402.
  • Yu, S. J. 2008. The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides. CRC Pres Taylor- Francis Group, 250 pp.
  • Wang, L. and Y. Wu, 2007. Cross-Resistance and Biochemical Mechanisms of Abamectin Resitance in the B-type Bemisia tabaci. Journal of Applied Entomology, 131(2), 98- 103.
  • Wilson, T., G. and E. Hodgson, 1971. Microsomal NADPH-Cytochrome C Reductase From The Housefly, Musca Domestica, Properties of The Purified Enzyme. Insect Biochemistry, 1: 19-26.
  • Wheelock, C. E., G. Shan, J. Ottea, 2005. Overview of Carboxylesterases and Their Role in the Metabolism of Insecticides. Journal of Pesticide Science, 30(2): 75-3.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Sibel Yorulmaz Bu kişi benim

Recep Ay Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2010
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yorulmaz, S., & Ay, R. (2010). Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2), 137-148.
AMA Yorulmaz S, Ay R. Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler. Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. Ağustos 2010;24(2):137-148.
Chicago Yorulmaz, Sibel, ve Recep Ay. “Akar Ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 24, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2010): 137-48.
EndNote Yorulmaz S, Ay R (01 Ağustos 2010) Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 24 2 137–148.
IEEE S. Yorulmaz ve R. Ay, “Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler”, Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., c. 24, sy. 2, ss. 137–148, 2010.
ISNAD Yorulmaz, Sibel - Ay, Recep. “Akar Ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 24/2 (Ağustos 2010), 137-148.
JAMA Yorulmaz S, Ay R. Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler. Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 2010;24:137–148.
MLA Yorulmaz, Sibel ve Recep Ay. “Akar Ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 24, sy. 2, 2010, ss. 137-48.
Vancouver Yorulmaz S, Ay R. Akar ve Böceklerde Pestisitlerin Detoksifikasyonunda Rol Oynayan Enzimler. Uludag Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 2010;24(2):137-48.