Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annus L.) Bitki Yoğunluğu ve Biyo Gübrelemenin Bazı Morfolojik Özellikleri, Tohum Verimi ve Verim Unsurlarına Etkisi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 139 - 155, 15.12.2017

Abdo B. Fakırah Mansoor A.H. Al-thobhanı Mansour Mohmed Al-aq

Öz

Bu çalışma, Sana'a Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesine ait araştırma çiftliğinde 2012 ve 2013 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Amaç, iki bitki yoğunluğunun (5.55, 11.11 bitki m^2-1) ve üç seviyedeki Bio- Gübre uygulamasının (0, 2, 4 litre ha^-1) tohum verimi ve Ayçiçeği bitkisinin Kültivar bileşenleri (Cultivar Euroflor) üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Deneme sonuçları, bitki yoğunluğunun incelenen karakterler üzerinde faklı etkide bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Birinci ve ikinci yıllarda baş ağırlığı ve tohumluk yağ içeriği (%) düşük bitki yoğunluğunda (5.55 bitki m^2-1) önemli ölçüde daha yüksekken, 2012 sezonunda yüksek bitki yoğunluğu (11.11 bitki m^2-1), tohum yağı ve yağ verimi üzerinde pozitif ve belirgin biçimde etkili olmuştur. Sonuçlar, 2012 yılında 4 L ha-1 biyo-gübre düzeyinin, diğer biyo-gübre düzeylerine göre (0 ve 2 L ha^-1) tohum verimi, baş tohum ağırlığı, tohum sayısı / bitki, baş çapı, tohum yağı (%) ve yağ verimini önemli derecede artırdığını göstermiştir. İkinci yılda (2013), 4 L ha^-1 biyo-gübre düzeyi, birinci yıla ilave olarak 1000 tane ağırlığı, tohum, yaprak sayısı / bitki ve tohum yağı üzerine diğer dozlardan daha fazla etkili olmuştur. Birinci ve ikinci yıllarda biyo-gübre ve bitki yoğunluğu seviyeleri arasındaki interaksiyonun tohum yağı üzerine önemli etkileşimde bulunduğu gözlenmiştir. Bitki boyu haricinde incelenen diğer parametrelerden yalnızca ilk yılda (2012) etkileşimler gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayçiçeği bitkisi, Biyo gübre, bitki yoğunluğu, Yemen

Effect of Plant density and Bio–Fertilizer on some morphological traits, seed yield and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)

Öz

This study was carried out at the research farm, faculty of Agriculture Sana'a University during growing seasons of 2012 and 2013. The objectives were to study the effect of two plant densities (5.55, 11.11 plant m^2-1) and three levels of Bio-fertilizer fertilization (0, 2, 4 liter ha^-1) and on the seeds yield, and it's components of Sunflower plant (Cultivar Euroflor). Experimental results showed variation of plant density effect on examined characters. Head seeds weight and seeds oil content (%) significantly higher with lower plant density (5.55 plant m²)^-1 during first and second seasons, respectively, while higher plant density (11.11 plant m²) positively and significantly influenced on seeds oil % and seeds oil yield during 2012 season. The results showed that the 4 L ha-1 Bio-fertilizer level significantly exceeded other Bio-fertilizer concentrations (0 and 2 L ha^-1) in its effect on seeds yield, head seeds weight, seeds number/plant, head diameter, seeds oil % and seeds oil yield during first season (2012). During second season (2013), the 4 L ha^-1 Bio-fertilizer level also surpassed the other levels on each of weight of 1000 seed, leaves number/plant and seeds oil %. Significant interaction between Bio-fertilizer and plant density levels was observed on seeds oil % through first and second seasons. On other studied characters, except plant height, there were interactions only during the first season (2012).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sunflower plant, Bio-fertilizer, plant density, Yemen

Kaynakça

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