Girişimcilik Motivasyonu: Uygulamalı Girişimcilik Eğitimi Katılımcıları Örneği

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 109 - 129, 19.03.2019

Beyhan Aksoy , Mustafa Koçancı Mete Kaan Namal

https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.526604

Cited By: 7

Öz

Girişimciliğin, yenilikçilik, iş yaratma veya ekonomik
büyüme üzerindeki etkileri önemli olmakla birlikte, bireyler düzeyinde
girişimci olma isteğinin nedenlerini ve ilişkili olguları açıklamak
girişimcilik süreçlerini anlamak için önemli bir katkı sağlayabilir. Bu
çalışmada girişimcilik süreçlerine dair daha ayrıntılı bir anlayış geliştirmek
amacıyla girişimcilik motivasyonu konusu incelenmiştir. Motivasyonun bireyleri
harekete geçirdiği temel varsayımından hareketle KOSGEB Uygulamalı Girişimcilik
Eğitimlerine katılan 589 girişimci adayına yüz yüze anket uygulanmış ve
girişimci adaylarının girişimcilik motivasyonları açıklanmıştır. Çalışmada
girişimcilik motivasyonunun ekonomik, girişimsel, toplumsal, çalışma ve
bireycilik boyutlarının gelir, cinsiyet, tecrübe,  eğitim gibi seçilmiş bazı değişkenler
bakımından ilişkilerine dair bulgular tartışılmış ve yorumlanmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Girişimcilik, Girişimcilik Motivasyonu, Uygulamalı Girişimcilik Eğitimi

Entrepreneurial Motivation: The Example of Applied Entrepreneurship Training Participants

Öz

While the
impact of entrepreneurship on innovation, job creation or economic growth is
important, explaining the reasons for the desire to become an entrepreneur at
the individual level and the associated facts may provide an important
contribution to understand the processes of entrepreneurship. In this study,
entrepreneurship motivation is examined in order to develop a more detailed
understanding of entrepreneurship processes. Based on the basic assumption that
motivation sets individuals into motion, 589 entrepreneur candidates
participating in KOSGEB Applied Entrepreneurship Trainings were interviewed
face-to-face and entrepreneurship motivation of entrepreneur candidates was
explained. In the study, the findings on the relationship between economic, entrepreneurial,
social, work and individualism dimensions of entrepreneurship motivation in
terms of selected variables such as income, gender, experience and education
were discussed and interpreted. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Motivation, Applied Entrepreneurship Training

Kaynakça

• Ajzen, I. (1991). “The theory of planned behavior” Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
• Amit, R., & Muller, E. (1995). “Push and pull entrepreneurship”, Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 12(4), 64-80.
• Aramand,M. (2012) “Women entrepreneurship in Mongolia: the role of culture on entrepreneurial motivation”, Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, Vol. 32 Issue: 1, pp.68-82,
• Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). New York: Academic Press.
• Bourlès, R., ve Cozarenco, A. (2017). “Entrepreneurial motivation and business performance: evidence from a French microfinance institution”, Small Business Economics, 1-21.
• Burton, M. D., Sørensen, J. B., ve Dobrev, S. D. (2016). “A careers perspective on entrepreneurship”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 40(2), 237-247.
• Carsrud, A., ve Brännback, M. (2011). “Entrepreneurial motivations: what do we still need to know? ”, Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 9-26.
• Collins, C., Hanges, P. and Locke, E.A. (2004), “The relationship of achievement motivation to entrepreneurial behavior: a meta-analysis”, Human Performance, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 95-117.
• Davidsson, P. ve Delmar, F. (1992). “Cultural Values and Entrepreneurship”, Frontiers of Entrepreneurial Research. Wellesley, Massachusetts: Babson College, pp. 444–458.
• Douglas, E.J. and Shepherd, D.A. (1999), “Entrepreneurship as a utility maximizing response”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 15 No. 3, pp. 231-51.
• Polat, D. D. (2011). “Girişimcilik Motivasyonu ve İşletme Yenilikçiliği Arasındaki İlişkinin Araştırılmasına Yönelik Turizm İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma”, Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 6(2), 227-254.
• Dubini, P. (1989). “The influence of motivations and environment on business start-ups: Some hints for public policies”, Journal of business venturing, 4(1), 11-26.
• Fayolle, A., Liñán, F., ve Moriano, J. A. (2014). “Beyond entrepreneurial intentions: values and motivations in entrepreneurship”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(4), 679-689.
• Gatewood, E. J., K. G. Shaver and W. B. Gartner, 1995, “A Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Factors Influenc- ing Start-up Behaviours and Success at Venture Creation”, Journal of Business Venturing 10, 371–391.
• GEM (2018) Global Entrepreneurship Research Association (GERA) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2017-2018 Global Report https://www.gemconsortium.org/ report/50012
• Hessels, J., Van Gelderen, M., ve Thurik, R. (2008). “Entrepreneurial aspirations, motivations, and their drivers”, Small Business Economics, 31(3), 323-339.
• Johnson, B.R. (1990), “Toward a multidimensional model of entrepreneurship: the case of achievement motivation and the entrepreneur”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 14 No. 3, pp. 39-54.
• KOSGEB (2018) KOSGEB 2018 Yılı Performans Programı https://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/Content/Upload/Dosya/Mali%20Tablolar/Performans%20Program%C4%B1/KOSGEB_2018_Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1_Performans_Program%C4%B1.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:1.2.2019.
• Marques, C. S., Ferreira, J. J., Ferreira, F. A., ve Lages, M. F. (2013). “Entrepreneurial orientation and motivation to start up a business: evidence from the health service industry”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 9(1), 77-94.
• McClelland, D. C. (1967). The achieving society. New York, NY, US: Free Press.
• Minola, T., Criaco, G., ve Obschonka, M. (2016). “Age, culture, and self-employment motivation”, Small Business Economics, 46(2), 187-213.
• Namal, M. K., Koçancı, M., ve Aksoy, B. (2018). “KOSGEB Girişimcilik Programı: Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme”, Akademik Hassasiyetler, 5(9), 93-110.
• Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. Mc Graw- Hill 2. Baskı, New York.
• Okangi, F. F. (2018). “Linking Entrepreneurial Motivation Factors To Firm Growth: Empirical Evidence From The Construction Industry In Tanzania”, Business Management Review, 21(2), 30-42.
• Özdemir, A. A. (2010). “Potansiyel Girişimci Olan Kadınların Motivasyon Faktörleri ve Eskişehir’de Bir Araştırma”, Ege Akademik Bakis, 10(1), 117.
• Rusu, V. D. (2018). “Entrepreneurial motivations in the European Union countries”, Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy, Vol.6 (2018) no.1, pp.9-31
• Shane, S., Locke, E. A., ve Collins, C. J. (2012). “Entrepreneurial motivation”, Human Resource Management Review, 13(2), 257-279.
• Shane, S., ve Venkataraman, S. (2000). “The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research”, Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217–226.
• Stephan, U., Hart, M., ve Drews, C. (2015). Understanding motivations for entrepreneurship: A review of recent research evidence. Birmingham: Enterprise Research Center, University of Sheffield.
• Tekin, M. (1999). Girişimcilik: Kendi İşini Kurma ve İşletme, Damla Ofset, Konya.
• Van Gelderen, M., Thurik, R., ve Bosma, N. (2005). “Success and risk factors in the pre-startup phase”, Small business economics, 24(4), 365-380.
• Venkataraman, S. (1997). “The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research”, Advances in entrepreneurship, firm emergence and growth, 3(1), 119-138.
• Vidic, F., Yeşil, Y., Çalış, A.S., Arpat, B. (2016). “Analyzing and Comparing the Properties of Women Entrepreneurship in Slovenia and Turkey”, Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(32), 352-371.
• Vijaya, V., ve Kamalanabhan, T. J. (1998). “A scale to assess entrepreneurial motivation”, The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 7(2), 183-198.
• Yalçın, S. ve Kapu, H. (2008). “Entrepreneurial dimensions in transitional economies: A review of relevant literature and the case of Kyrgyzstan”, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 13(2), 185-203.
• Zimmerman, M. A., ve Chu, H. M. (2013). “Motivation, success, and problems of entrepreneurs in Venezuela”, Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 14(2), 76-90