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Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 535 - 547, 01.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.770939

Abstract

This study numerically investigates the heat transfer and hydraulic performance of Al2O3-water nanofluids flowing through a horizontal smooth pipe exposed to a constant heat flux. The nanofluids were regarded as four different varying concentrations in the range from 0.01 to 0.04 by a 0.01 increment (by volume) of the nano-particle, Al2O3. Numerical analyses were performed using the finite volume method to solve governing equations in the created three-dimensional domain. The heat transfer and hydraulic characteristics of the nanofluids were separately investigated as a function of both Re number and flow velocity corresponding to the turbulent flow regime. The results show that the convective heat transfer coefficients increase remarkably with the increase of Al2O3 fraction, and the maximum overall enhancement ratio was found by 1.30, in the case of the same Reynolds number. In contrast, in the case of the same flow velocities to the base fluid, the convective heat transfer coefficients of the nanofluids worsened with relative to the base fluid due to higher viscosity values of the nanofluids which cause a decrease in Reynolds numbers. Moreover, friction factors with nanofluids increased, which gave rise to the overall enhancement ratios to be at lower than 1.0.

References

  • Akbarinia A, Abdolzadeh M, Laur R, 2011. Critical Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Nanofluids in Microchannels with Slip and Non-slip Flow Regimes. Applied Thermal Enginnering, 31(4): 556-565.
  • Bahiraei M, Heshmatian S, 2019. Graphane Family Nanofluids: A Critical Review and Future Research Directions. Energy Conversion and Management, 196: 1222-1256.
  • Bajestan EE, Niazmand H, Renksizbulut M, 2010. Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluids with Temperature Dependent Properties. Proceedings of the ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting and 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels, Montreal, August 1-5, 2010.
  • Behzadmehr A, Saffar-Avval M, Galanis N, 2007. Prediction of Turbulent Forced Convection of a Nanofluid in a Tube with Uniform Heat Flux Using a Two Phase Approach. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 28(2), 211–219.
  • Bellos E, Tzivanidis C, Tsimpoukis D, 2018. Enhancing the Performance of Parabolic Trough Collectors Using Nanofluids. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 91: 358-375.
  • Bergman TL, Lavine AS, Incropera FP, Dewitt DP, 2011. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. 7th Edition, Wiley&Sons, New York.
  • Bianco V, Manca O, Nardini S, 2010. Numerical Simulation of Water/Al2O3 Nanofluid Turbulent Convection. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2010(1): 976254.
  • Bowers J , Cao H, Qiao G, Zhang G, Mura E, Ding Y, 2018. Flow and Heat Transfer Behaviour of Nanofluids in Microchannels. Progress in Natural Science: Metarial International, 28(2): 225-234.
  • Bubbico R, Gian PC, D’Annibale F, Mazzarotta B, Menale C, 2015. Comparison of the Heat Transfer Efficiency of Nanofluids. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 43: 703-708.
  • Choi SUS, Eastman, JA, 1995. Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with Nanoparticles. Proceeding of ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition , San Francisco, CA, November 12-17, 1995.
  • Chon CH, Kihm KD, Lee SP, Choi SUS, 2005. Empirical Correlation Finding the Role of Temperature and Particle Size for Nanofluid (Al2O3) Thermal Conductivity Enhancement. Applied Physics Letters, 87(15): 153107.
  • Ghale YZ, Haghshenasfard M, Esfahany MN, 2015. Investigation of Nanofluids Heat Transfer in a Ribbed Microchannel Heat Sink Using Single-Phase and Multiphase CFD Models. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 68: 122-129.
  • Kakaç S, Liu H, 2002. Heat Exchangers Selection, Rating and Thermal Design. 2nd Edition ,CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  • Keblinski P, Phillpot SR, Choi SUS, Eastman JA, 2002. Mechanisms of Heat Flow in Suspensions of Nano-Sized Particles (nanofluids). International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 45(4): 855–863.
  • Lee S, Choi SUS, Li S, Eastman JA, 1999. Measuring Thermal Conductivity of Fluids Containing Oxide Nanoparticles. Journal of Heat Transfer, 121(2): 280–289.
  • Maiga SEB, Palm SJ, Nguyen CT, Roy G, Galanis N, 2005. Heat Transfer Enhancements by Using Nanofluids in Forced Convection Flows, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 26(4): 530–546.
  • Malvandi A, Moshizi SA, Ganji DD, 2016.Effects of Temperature-Dependent Thermophysical Properties on Nanoparticle Migration at Mixed Convection of Nanofluids in Vertical Microchannels. Powder Technology, 303: 7-19.
  • Masuda H, Ebata A., Teramae K, Hishinuma N, 1993. Alteration of Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Liquid by Dispersing Ultra-Fine Particles: Dispersion of Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 Ultra-Fine Particles. Netsu Bussei, 7(4): 227–233.
  • Mehrali M, Sadeghinezhad E, Latibari S, Kazi S, Mehrali M, Zubir MNBM, Metselaar HSC, 2014. Investigation of Thermal Conductivity and Rheological Properties of Nanofluids Containing Graphene Nanoplatelets. Nanoscale Research Letters, 9(1): 15.
  • Mercan M, Yurddaş A, 2019. Numerical Analysis of Evacuated Tube Solar Collectors Using Nanofluids. Solar Energy, 191: 167-179.
  • Moraveji MK, Esmaeili E, 2012. Comparison between Single-Phase and Two-Phases CFD Modeling of Laminar Forced Convection Flow of Nanofluids in Circular Tube under Constant Heat Flux. International Communication in Heat and Mass Transfer, 39(8): 1297-1302.
  • Murshed S, Leong K, Yang C, 2005. Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of TiO2—Water based Nanofluids. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 44(4): 367–373.
  • Namburu PK, Das DK, Tanguturi KM, Vajjha RS, 2009. Numerical Study of Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids Considering Variable Properties. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 48(2): 290-302.
  • Ozerinç S, 2010. Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nano Fluids. Middle East Technical University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Master Thesis (Printed).
  • Ozerinç S, Kakaç S, Yazıcıoğlu AG, 2010. Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of Nano- Fluids: A State-of-the-Art Review. Microfluid Nanofluid, 8(2): 145-170.
  • Rea U, McKrell T, Hu L, Buongiorno J, 2009. Laminar Convective Heat Transfer and Viscous Pressure Loss of Alumina-Water and Zirconia-Water Nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 52(7-8): 2042-2048.
  • Sadeghinezhad E, Mehrali M, Saidur R, Mehrali M, Latibari ST, Akhiani AR, Metselaar HSC, 2016. A Comprehensive Review on Graphene Nanofluids: Recent Research, Development and Applications. Energy Conversion and Management, 111: 466-487.
  • Sadri R, Mallah AR, Hosseini M, Ahmadi G, Kazi SN, Dabbagh A, Yeong CH, Ahmad R, Yaakup NA, 2018. CFD Modeling of Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer of Nanofluids Containing Green Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets Flowing in a Horizontal Tube: Comparison with Experimental Data. Journal of Moleculer Liquids, 269: 152-159.
  • Vahidinia F, Miri M, 2015. The Effect of Reynolds Number on the Thermal and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Turbulence Flow of the Nanofluid in the Heat Exchanger. Cumhuriyet Science Journal (CSJ), 36(3): 2109–2119.
  • Xie H, Wang J, Xi T, Liu Y, Ai F, 2002. Dependence of the Thermal Conductivity of Nanoparticle-Fluid Mixture on the Base Fluid. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 21(19): 1469-1471.

Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 535 - 547, 01.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.770939

Abstract

This study numerically investigates the heat transfer and hydraulic performance of Al2O3-water nanofluids flowing through a horizontal smooth pipe exposed to a constant heat flux. The nanofluids were regarded as four different varying concentrations in the range from 0.01 to 0.04 by a 0.01 increment (by volume) of the nano-particle, Al2O3. Numerical analyses were performed using the finite volume method to solve governing equations in the created three-dimensional domain. The heat transfer and hydraulic characteristics of the nanofluids were separately investigated as a function of both Re number and flow velocity corresponding to the turbulent flow regime. The results show that the convective heat transfer coefficients increase remarkably with the increase of Al2O3 fraction, and the maximum overall enhancement ratio was found by 1.30, in the case of the same Reynolds number. In contrast, in the case of the same flow velocities to the base fluid, the convective heat transfer coefficients of the nanofluids worsened with relative to the base fluid due to higher viscosity values of the nanofluids which cause a decrease in Reynolds numbers. Moreover, friction factors with nanofluids increased, which gave rise to the overall enhancement ratios to be at lower than 1.0.

References

  • Akbarinia A, Abdolzadeh M, Laur R, 2011. Critical Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Nanofluids in Microchannels with Slip and Non-slip Flow Regimes. Applied Thermal Enginnering, 31(4): 556-565.
  • Bahiraei M, Heshmatian S, 2019. Graphane Family Nanofluids: A Critical Review and Future Research Directions. Energy Conversion and Management, 196: 1222-1256.
  • Bajestan EE, Niazmand H, Renksizbulut M, 2010. Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluids with Temperature Dependent Properties. Proceedings of the ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting and 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels, Montreal, August 1-5, 2010.
  • Behzadmehr A, Saffar-Avval M, Galanis N, 2007. Prediction of Turbulent Forced Convection of a Nanofluid in a Tube with Uniform Heat Flux Using a Two Phase Approach. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 28(2), 211–219.
  • Bellos E, Tzivanidis C, Tsimpoukis D, 2018. Enhancing the Performance of Parabolic Trough Collectors Using Nanofluids. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 91: 358-375.
  • Bergman TL, Lavine AS, Incropera FP, Dewitt DP, 2011. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. 7th Edition, Wiley&Sons, New York.
  • Bianco V, Manca O, Nardini S, 2010. Numerical Simulation of Water/Al2O3 Nanofluid Turbulent Convection. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2010(1): 976254.
  • Bowers J , Cao H, Qiao G, Zhang G, Mura E, Ding Y, 2018. Flow and Heat Transfer Behaviour of Nanofluids in Microchannels. Progress in Natural Science: Metarial International, 28(2): 225-234.
  • Bubbico R, Gian PC, D’Annibale F, Mazzarotta B, Menale C, 2015. Comparison of the Heat Transfer Efficiency of Nanofluids. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 43: 703-708.
  • Choi SUS, Eastman, JA, 1995. Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with Nanoparticles. Proceeding of ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition , San Francisco, CA, November 12-17, 1995.
  • Chon CH, Kihm KD, Lee SP, Choi SUS, 2005. Empirical Correlation Finding the Role of Temperature and Particle Size for Nanofluid (Al2O3) Thermal Conductivity Enhancement. Applied Physics Letters, 87(15): 153107.
  • Ghale YZ, Haghshenasfard M, Esfahany MN, 2015. Investigation of Nanofluids Heat Transfer in a Ribbed Microchannel Heat Sink Using Single-Phase and Multiphase CFD Models. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 68: 122-129.
  • Kakaç S, Liu H, 2002. Heat Exchangers Selection, Rating and Thermal Design. 2nd Edition ,CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  • Keblinski P, Phillpot SR, Choi SUS, Eastman JA, 2002. Mechanisms of Heat Flow in Suspensions of Nano-Sized Particles (nanofluids). International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 45(4): 855–863.
  • Lee S, Choi SUS, Li S, Eastman JA, 1999. Measuring Thermal Conductivity of Fluids Containing Oxide Nanoparticles. Journal of Heat Transfer, 121(2): 280–289.
  • Maiga SEB, Palm SJ, Nguyen CT, Roy G, Galanis N, 2005. Heat Transfer Enhancements by Using Nanofluids in Forced Convection Flows, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 26(4): 530–546.
  • Malvandi A, Moshizi SA, Ganji DD, 2016.Effects of Temperature-Dependent Thermophysical Properties on Nanoparticle Migration at Mixed Convection of Nanofluids in Vertical Microchannels. Powder Technology, 303: 7-19.
  • Masuda H, Ebata A., Teramae K, Hishinuma N, 1993. Alteration of Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Liquid by Dispersing Ultra-Fine Particles: Dispersion of Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 Ultra-Fine Particles. Netsu Bussei, 7(4): 227–233.
  • Mehrali M, Sadeghinezhad E, Latibari S, Kazi S, Mehrali M, Zubir MNBM, Metselaar HSC, 2014. Investigation of Thermal Conductivity and Rheological Properties of Nanofluids Containing Graphene Nanoplatelets. Nanoscale Research Letters, 9(1): 15.
  • Mercan M, Yurddaş A, 2019. Numerical Analysis of Evacuated Tube Solar Collectors Using Nanofluids. Solar Energy, 191: 167-179.
  • Moraveji MK, Esmaeili E, 2012. Comparison between Single-Phase and Two-Phases CFD Modeling of Laminar Forced Convection Flow of Nanofluids in Circular Tube under Constant Heat Flux. International Communication in Heat and Mass Transfer, 39(8): 1297-1302.
  • Murshed S, Leong K, Yang C, 2005. Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of TiO2—Water based Nanofluids. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 44(4): 367–373.
  • Namburu PK, Das DK, Tanguturi KM, Vajjha RS, 2009. Numerical Study of Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids Considering Variable Properties. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 48(2): 290-302.
  • Ozerinç S, 2010. Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nano Fluids. Middle East Technical University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Master Thesis (Printed).
  • Ozerinç S, Kakaç S, Yazıcıoğlu AG, 2010. Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of Nano- Fluids: A State-of-the-Art Review. Microfluid Nanofluid, 8(2): 145-170.
  • Rea U, McKrell T, Hu L, Buongiorno J, 2009. Laminar Convective Heat Transfer and Viscous Pressure Loss of Alumina-Water and Zirconia-Water Nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 52(7-8): 2042-2048.
  • Sadeghinezhad E, Mehrali M, Saidur R, Mehrali M, Latibari ST, Akhiani AR, Metselaar HSC, 2016. A Comprehensive Review on Graphene Nanofluids: Recent Research, Development and Applications. Energy Conversion and Management, 111: 466-487.
  • Sadri R, Mallah AR, Hosseini M, Ahmadi G, Kazi SN, Dabbagh A, Yeong CH, Ahmad R, Yaakup NA, 2018. CFD Modeling of Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer of Nanofluids Containing Green Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets Flowing in a Horizontal Tube: Comparison with Experimental Data. Journal of Moleculer Liquids, 269: 152-159.
  • Vahidinia F, Miri M, 2015. The Effect of Reynolds Number on the Thermal and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Turbulence Flow of the Nanofluid in the Heat Exchanger. Cumhuriyet Science Journal (CSJ), 36(3): 2109–2119.
  • Xie H, Wang J, Xi T, Liu Y, Ai F, 2002. Dependence of the Thermal Conductivity of Nanoparticle-Fluid Mixture on the Base Fluid. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 21(19): 1469-1471.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Makina Mühendisliği / Mechanical Engineering
Authors

Melih Yıldız 0000-0002-6904-9131

Ahmet Aktürk 0000-0002-2985-2560

Publication Date March 1, 2021
Submission Date July 18, 2020
Acceptance Date December 18, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yıldız, M., & Aktürk, A. (2021). Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(1), 535-547. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.770939
AMA Yıldız M, Aktürk A. Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. March 2021;11(1):535-547. doi:10.21597/jist.770939
Chicago Yıldız, Melih, and Ahmet Aktürk. “Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid As a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11, no. 1 (March 2021): 535-47. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.770939.
EndNote Yıldız M, Aktürk A (March 1, 2021) Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11 1 535–547.
IEEE M. Yıldız and A. Aktürk, “Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity”, J. Inst. Sci. and Tech., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 535–547, 2021, doi: 10.21597/jist.770939.
ISNAD Yıldız, Melih - Aktürk, Ahmet. “Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid As a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11/1 (March 2021), 535-547. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.770939.
JAMA Yıldız M, Aktürk A. Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2021;11:535–547.
MLA Yıldız, Melih and Ahmet Aktürk. “Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid As a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 11, no. 1, 2021, pp. 535-47, doi:10.21597/jist.770939.
Vancouver Yıldız M, Aktürk A. Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Hydraulic Performance of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid as a Function of Reynolds Number and Flow Velocity. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2021;11(1):535-47.