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Nazi Almanya’sında Nazizm İdeolojisiyle Şekillenen Kitap Okuma Kültürünün Sinemadaki Sunumu: “Kitap Hırsızı” Filminin Göstergebilimsel Analizi

Year 2021, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 41 - 63, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.24146/tk.877973

Abstract

Antikomünist, antikapitalist, antisemitist ve ırkçılık temelli Nazizm ideolojisi, Nasyonal Sosyalist Alman İşçi Partisi’nin (NSDAP) iktidarda bulunduğu dönemde (1933-1945) Almanya’da sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik ve kültürel hayata doğrudan etki etmiştir. NSDAP’nin iktidardan uzaklaştırılmasından sonra Nazizm ideolojisinin etkisi altındaki Almanya’yı konu alan çok sayıda film çekilmiş ve ideolojinin Alman toplumundaki yansımaları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu filmlerden biri de Brian Percival yönetmeliğindeki 2013 yılı Almanya-ABD ortak yapımı Kitap Hırsızı (The Book Thief) filmi olmuştur. Filmde Nazizm ideolojisi altında Almanya’daki kitap okuma kültürünün ne yönde şekillendiği konu edilmiştir. Çalışmada Kitap Hırsızı filmi göstergebilimsel açıdan analiz edilerek, filmde Nazizm ideolojisi altında Alman eğitiminin ve beraberinde kitap okuma kültürünün ne yönde şekillendiğinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında filmin göstergebilimsel analizi, ABD’li dilbilimci Charles Sanders Peirce’ün göstergebilim anlayışı ve İngiliz dilbilimci Geoffrey Leech’ın anlamlandırmanın yedi türü ışığında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın analizinde Nazi rejiminin inşa ettiği korku ve baskı ortamında insanların özgür şekilde kitap okumasının engellendiği ve doğrudan Nazizm ideolojisinin öğretilerini yansıtan veya Nazi rejiminin sansürüne uğramayan kitapları okumaya yöneltildiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

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Year 2021, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 41 - 63, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.24146/tk.877973

Abstract

References

  • Akindele, N. (2012). Reading culture, parental involvement and children’s development in formative years: The Covenant University Experience. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 1-21.
  • Ascheid, A. (2010). Hitler's heroines: Stardom & womanhood in Nazi cinema. The United States: Temple University Press.
  • Azmi, M. N. L. (2013). National language policy and its impacts on second language reading culture. Journal of International Education and Leadership, 3(1), 1-11.
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  • Buchanan, R. (2012). Zines in the classroom: Reading culture. English Journal, 102(2), 71-77.
  • Campbell, B. (2004). The SA generals and the rise of Nazism. The United States: University Press of Kentucky.
  • Collingwood, R. G. (1940). Fascism and Nazism. Philosophy, 15(58), 168-176.
  • Çakı, C., Gazi̇, M. A., Çakı, G. & Gülada, M. O. (2020). A semiotic analysis on propaganda posters during Likbez campaign. Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 34(4), 663-692. doi: 10.24146/tk.806892.
  • Daniels, E., & Steres, M. (2011). Examining the effects of a school-wide reading culture on the engagement of middle school students. RMLE Online, 35(2), 1-13. doi: 10.1080/19404476.2011.11462085
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  • Gazi, M. A., Çakı, C., Gülada, M. O., & Çakı, G. (2020). The presentation of reading habit in the propaganda posters shaped during the Chinese Culture Revolution in the People's Republic of China. Turkish Librarianship, 34(3), 406-431. doi: 10.24146/tk.806892
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  • Hake, S. (2010). Popular cinema of the Third Reich. The United States: University of Texas Press.
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  • Hansen, E. (1981). Fascism and Nazism in the Netherlands 1929-39. European Studies Review, 11(3), 355-385. doi: 10.1177/026569148101100304
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  • Heidtmann, H. (2002). Lesen und neue Medien. Veränderungen der Lesekultur in der Mediengesellschaft. Universitas (Stuttgart), 57(673), 723-732.
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  • Herkommer, C. (2008). Women under National Socialism: Women’s scope for action and the issue of gender. O. Jensen and C.-C. W. Szejnmann (Ed.), in Ordinary people as mass murderers (pp. 99-119). London: Palgrave Macmillan. doi: 10.1057/9780230583566_5
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  • Hochscherf, T., & Vande Winkel, R. (2016). Third Reich cinema and film theory. Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, 36(2), 190-213. doi: 10.1080/01439685.2016.1167465
  • Howley, J. A. (2018). Aulus Gellius and Roman reading culture. The United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hull, D. S. (1993). Film in the Third Reich: A study of the German cinema, 1933-1945. The United States: Univ of California Press.
  • Ian, K. (1997). Stalinism and Nazism: Dictatorships in comparison. Cambridge University Press.
  • Ifedili, C. J. A. (2009). An assessment of reading culture among students in Nigerian tertiary institution--a challenge to educational managers. Reading Improvement, 46(4), 206-214.
  • Ilogho, J. E. (2015). The role of picture books in promoting reading culture among Nigerian children: Implication for libraries and development of leadership qualities. International Journal of Academic Library and Information Science, 3(2), 66-71. doi: 10.14662/IJALIS2015.010
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  • Kamalova, L. A., & Koletvinova, N. D. (2016). The problem of reading and reading culture improvement of students-bachelors of elementary education in modern high institution. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(4), 473-484. doi: 10.12973/ijese.2016.318a
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  • Kirk, T. (2002). Nazism and the working class in Austria: Industrial unrest and political dissent in the 'national community'. The United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kuhl, S. (2002). The Nazi connection: Eugenics, American racism, and German national socialism. The United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
  • Leech, G. (1985). Semantics the study of meaning. The Great Britain: Penguin Books.
  • Leu, U. B. (2010). Die Zürcher Buch-und Lesekultur 1520 bis 1575. Zwingliana, 31, 61-90.
  • Loh, C. E. (2015). Building a reading culture in a Singapore school: Identifying spaces for change through a socio-spatial approach. Changing English, 22(2), 209-221. doi: 10.1080/1358684X.2015.1022509
  • Loh, C. E., Ellis, M., Paculdar, A. A., & Wan, Z. H. (2017). Building a successful reading culture through the school library: A case study of a Singapore secondary school. IFLA Journal, 43(4), 335-347. doi: 10.1177/0340035217732069
  • Loomis, C. P., & Beegle, J. A. (1946). The spread of German Nazism in rural areas. American Sociological Review, 11(6), 724-734. doi: 10.2307/2087068
  • Lyons, M. (2008). Reading culture and writing practices in nineteenth-century France. Canada: University of Toronto Press.
  • Macit, M. H. (2007). Faşizm ve Nazizm. Ankara: Savaş Yayınevi.
  • Mason, T. (1977). National Socialism and the Working Class, 1925-May, 1933. New German Critique, (11), 49-93. doi: 10.2307/487804
  • McNab, C. (2015). Hitler'in Ordusu, Nazi Savaş Makinesinin Tarihi, 1939-1945. (O. Doğan, Çev.). İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Library and Information Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ebru Gülbuğ Erol 0000-0001-6342-4298

Publication Date March 30, 2021
Submission Date February 10, 2021
Acceptance Date March 24, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 35 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Erol, E. G. (2021). Nazi Almanya’sında Nazizm İdeolojisiyle Şekillenen Kitap Okuma Kültürünün Sinemadaki Sunumu: “Kitap Hırsızı” Filminin Göstergebilimsel Analizi. Türk Kütüphaneciliği, 35(1), 41-63. https://doi.org/10.24146/tk.877973

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