Yıkıcı yeniliklerin belirlenmesi: Sürdürülebilir inşaat sektöründe tehditler ve fırsatlar

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 25 - 36, 21.12.2016

Mustafa Yılmaz Serkan Yıldız A. Burcu Gültekin

Öz

Teknoloji alanındaki yenilikler günümüzde çok büyük bir hıza ulaşmış bulunmaktadır.
Pazar ve müşterinin örtük ihtiyaçlarını keşfeden yeni ve küçük ölçekli başlangıç
firmaları önceleri performansı daha düşük, daha basit ve kullanımı daha kolay ancak
daha ucuz yeni ürünlerle pazara giriş yaparlar. Daha sonra teknolojik gelişmelerden
istifadeyle kısa sürede ürünlerine hızlıca ekledikleri yeni özelliklerle ürünlerinin değer
vaadini ve kalitesini yükseltirler. Böylece müşterinin satın alma miktarlarını arttırıp
mevcut pazarı ele geçirirler ya da geçmişte o malı tüketmeyenlere de ürünlerini ihtiyaç
haline getirerek yeni bir pazar oluştururlar. Bu yıkıcı yenilik sürecinin sonunda artık
müşterilerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılayamayan yerleşik firmalar yok olmaya mahkûm
olurlar. Mobil internetin yanında, bulut bilişimi, ileri robotik, nesnelerin interneti,
otomatik araba sürüşü, genetik ve genom çalışmaları, enerji depolama, 3 boyutlu
yazım/basım ve yeşil dalga da uzmanlar tarafından yıkıcı yenilik olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Türk inşaat sektörünün yerleşik firmaları, yakın gelecekte yasal
düzenlemelerle de zorunlu olacak sürdürülebilirlik ölçütlerinin şekillendireceği örtük
müşteri taleplerini bu günden keşfederek, teknolojik yol haritalarını bu doğrultuda
oluşturmazlarsa, pazarı derinden etkileyecek yeşil dalganın yıkıcı etkisinden
kurtulamayacaklardır. Bu çalışmada kapsamlı bir literatür taraması ışığında yıkıcı
yenilik kavramının tanıtılması ve inşaat sektörü ile ilişkisinin ortaya konması
amaçlanmıştır. Sürdürülebilir inşaat sektöründe yıkıcı yeniliklerin yaratacağı tehdit ve
fırsatlar sıralanarak, taahhüt firmalarından, mimar, mühendis, malzeme üreticisi, enerji
danışmanı, proje yöneticisi, yapı kullanıcısı ve yerel yöneticilere uzanan geniş bir
yelpazedeki inşaat sektörü paydaşlarına yıkıcı yeniliklerin belirlenmesi konusunda
önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kıcı yenilik, sürdürülebilirlik, inşaat sektörü

Determination of disruptive innovation: Threats and opportunities in sustainable construction sector

Öz

Nowadays technological innovations have reached a spectacular speed. New and small
sized start-up firms enter the market by discovering the implicit needs of the market and
customers, with the help of their underperformed, simpler, more practical and cheaper
new products in beginning. Then they tend to corner the very same markets by
increasing the customer purchasing tendency by improving the quality of their products
thanks to the advantages provided by technological developments in a short span of
time. Or they may also create a new market by appealing to those reluctant customers
who considered similar products unattractive in the past. In the home stretch of this
disruptive innovation, the incumbent firms became out of date. Apart from mobile
internet, the following developments are also considered as disruptive innovations:
internet of things, cloud technology, advanced robotics, autonomous car driving,
genetics and genome studies, energy storage, 3D printing, and green wave. Unless the
incumbent firms of construction sector in Turkey discover the implicit needs of the
market and customers on the basis of sustainable criteria which will soon become
compulsory via legal regulations and prepare their technological roadmaps in this
direction, they will not be free from the disruptive impact of the green wave which will
deeply influence the market. The aim of this study is to introduce the concept of
disruptive innovation in the light of a comprehensive literature review and to examine
its relation with the construction sector. Some proposals have been made as to how to
specify disruptive innovations for various players in construction sector including
contract companies, architects, engineers, material producers, energy advisors, project
managers, building users and local administrators by listing risks and opportunities
caused by disruptive innovations in sustainable construction sector.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Disruptive innovation, sustainability, construction sector

Kaynakça

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