Madde Bağımlılığında Ahlaki Yargının Önemi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3, 70 - 77, 30.09.2018

Mehmet Aykut Erk Sunay Fırat

Öz

Madde kullanımı gibi riskli davranışlar, bireylerin ahlaki gelişimi ve etik değerleri bakımından bu davranışlardan nasıl etkilendiği önemli tartışma konularından birisidir. Psikoaktif ya da uyuşturucu madde kullanımı bireyler için kimi zaman önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu, kimi zaman ise güvenlik sorunu olarak tartışmaya açık bir durum olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada madde bağımlılığında ahlaki yargının önemini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Adölesanlarda ve genç yetişkinlerde görülen madde kullanımının veya madde kullanım bozukluğunun bireylerin ahlaki gelişimlerinden nasıl etkilendiğini ve ahlaki teorilere göre nasıl ele alındığını literatür temelli incelemek ve psikoaktif ya da uyuşturucu madde kullanıcılarının veya madde kullanım bozukluğunun sağaltım çalışmalarına (bireysel rehabilitasyon ve tedaviler, sosyal uyum sürecinde bireylerin topluma yeniden entegrasyonlarının sağlanması vb.) farklı bir bakış açısı oluşturarak katkıda bulunulabilmektir. Bireylerin ahlaki gelişim düzeyleri ile madde kullanımı, antisosyal davranışlar vb. gibi riskli davranışlarının yüksek düzeyde ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Riskli davranışlar bireyi doğrudan etkilediğinde kişisel bir tercih olarak kabul edilirken, antisosyal davranışlar gibi çevreyi ve toplumu direkt ya da dolaylı etkileyen davranışlar ahlaki olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, madde kullanım bozukluğu ve diğer riskli davranışların tedavi ve rehabilitasyonu sırasında bireyin istendik davranış değişikliği gösterebilmesi için gerekli olan kaynağın yine bireyin kendisinde saklı olduğu unutulmamalıdır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Madde kullanımı, madde bağımlılığı, ahlaki gelişim düzeyi, ahlaki yargı

Importance of Moral Reasoning in Drug Abuse

Öz

Risky behavior such as substance use and how it affects from one’s moral development and ethical values have always been a critical discussion point in literature. Psychoactive or narcotic drug usage mostly has been considered as a public health problem or a security problem for individuals. This paper aims to examine the importance of moral reasoning in drug abuse. The goal is to contribute the psychoactive and narcotic drug abusers’ rehabilitation (individual rehabilitation and treatments) and social integration process by creating a new perspective including how adolescents’ and young adults’ drug abuse affects from their moral developments and how moral theories explain aforesaid problem by examination of literature. According to literature it has been thought which there a high connection between individuals’ moral is reasoning development and risky behaviors such as substance abuse, antisocial behaviors etc. While risky behaviors affect individual directly they have been accepted as a personal preference, choices which affects environment or community have been accepted as moral behaviors. To sum up it should not be forgotten that in order to execute a successful treatment and rehabilitation process the resource which in need lays inside the individual.

Anahtar Kelimeler

substance abuse, substance dependence, moral development stage, moral reasoning

Kaynakça

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