THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL LABOR FORCE ON LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, GDP AND PRODUCTIVITY

Year 2022, , 75 - 84, 30.03.2022

Özlem Toplu Yılmaz , Hande Özek

https://doi.org/10.52835/19maysbd.1023850

Abstract

In today’s world, there are many reasons behind labor migration, however, better living conditions are still the main motives. A new language, a new life in a foreign country, adaptation to the social and economic life, livelihood costs, loss of wages during a new job search are the main disadvantages that migrant labor can experience. The aim of this study is to reveal the impact of the international labor force on labor force participation, gross domestic product (GDP), and productivity in Turkey. The research method is a multivariate regression model, estimated in Stata. The number of foreign workers who are registered in the Foreigners Automation System and who have work permits is taken into account. According to the statistics, they are generally employed in low-skilled positions. The results provided that the foreign workers have a limited impact on the labor force participation, GDP, and productivity in the Turkish labor market. But in the last years, the education status of the foreign workers has been increasing which can pose a rise in productivity and in GDP in the future. We think that foreign labor workers are crucial forces both for host countries and organisations. Therefore, revealing other effects of foreign workers on the economy will contribute to both literature and practice.

Keywords

Labor force participation, Labor theory of value, International labor mobility, GDP, Productivity

ULUSLARARASI İŞGÜCÜNÜN VERİMLİLİK, MİLLİ GELİR VE İŞGÜCÜ KATILIM ORANINA ETKİSİ

Abstract

Günümüz dünyasında işgücü göçünün arkasında birçok neden vardır, ancak daha iyi yaşam standartları ve daha yüksek ücretler hala ana güdüler olarak sayılmaktadır. Ancak, yeni bir dil, yabancı bir ülkede yeni bir yaşam, sosyal ve ekonomik hayata uyum, geçim maliyetleri, yeni bir iş arama sırasında ücret kaybı, göçmen işçinin yaşayabileceği başlıca dezavantajlar olarak sayılabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki yabancı işgücünün gayrisafi yurt içi hasıla (GSYH), işgücüne katılım ve verimlilik üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Yabancılar Otomasyon Sistemine kayıtlı ve çalışma izni olan yabancı işçi sayısı dikkate alınmıştır. Kayıt dışı yabancı işçiler analize katılamamıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, yabancı işçilerin Türk işgücü piyasasında işgücüne katılım, GSYH ve verimlilik üzerinde sınırlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Genellikle düşük vasıflı pozisyonlarda istihdam edilmişlerdir. Ancak son yıllarda, Türkiye’ye gelen yabancı işçilerin eğitim durumu iyileşmekte ve ilerleyen yıllarda verimlilik ve GSYİH'de artış sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

İşgücüne katılım oranı, emek-değer teorisi, Uluslarararası İşgücü Hareketliliği, GSYH, Verimlilik

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