Research Article

FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS?

Volume: 2 Number: 3 September 30, 2021
EN TR

FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS?

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of gold imports, energy imports and short-term capital inflows on current account deficits using Turkish quarterly data for the period 1996Q1–2021Q1. To this end, first, the current account deficit model is built based on the literature review and estimated using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Then the presence of cointegration among relevant variables is tested by employing bonds testing, and then the error correction model is estimated. The bonds testing results indicate cointegration among current account deficits, gold imports, energy imports, portfolio investment, foreign direct investment, reel effective exchange rate, real gross domestic products, openness, and financial development proxies. The empirical findings of this study reveal that while gold imports play a significant deteriorating role on Turkish current account deficits in the short and in the long term, energy imports and portfolio investment only have a short-term effect. Furthermore, appreciation of Turkish currency seems to increase current account deficits only in the long term; it has no short-term effect. Interestingly, the openness proxy, which is being used as a measure of international trade integration of a country to the world economy, exerts no effect on current account deficits neither in the long-term and nor in the short-term.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Economics

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 30, 2021

Submission Date

August 20, 2021

Acceptance Date

September 2, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2021 Volume: 2 Number: 3

APA
Çelik, İ. E., & Yavuz, M. S. (2021). FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS? 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(3), 757-769. https://doi.org/10.52835/19maysbd.985229
AMA
1.Çelik İE, Yavuz MS. FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS? 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2021;2(3):757-769. doi:10.52835/19maysbd.985229
Chicago
Çelik, İsmail Erkan, and Melih Sefa Yavuz. 2021. “FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS?”. 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2 (3): 757-69. https://doi.org/10.52835/19maysbd.985229.
EndNote
Çelik İE, Yavuz MS (September 1, 2021) FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS? 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2 3 757–769.
IEEE
[1]İ. E. Çelik and M. S. Yavuz, “FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS?”, 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 757–769, Sept. 2021, doi: 10.52835/19maysbd.985229.
ISNAD
Çelik, İsmail Erkan - Yavuz, Melih Sefa. “FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS?”. 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2/3 (September 1, 2021): 757-769. https://doi.org/10.52835/19maysbd.985229.
JAMA
1.Çelik İE, Yavuz MS. FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS? 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2021;2:757–769.
MLA
Çelik, İsmail Erkan, and Melih Sefa Yavuz. “FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS?”. 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 3, Sept. 2021, pp. 757-69, doi:10.52835/19maysbd.985229.
Vancouver
1.İsmail Erkan Çelik, Melih Sefa Yavuz. FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS IN TURKEY: SHORT-TERM CAPITAL INFLOWS, ENERGY IMPORTS OR GOLD IMPORTS? 19 Mayıs Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2021 Sep. 1;2(3):757-69. doi:10.52835/19maysbd.985229

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