Merkezi Yönetim ve Yerel Yönetimler Arasındaki Vesayet İlişkisi Bağlamında Kayyım Uygulaması

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 55 - 65, 30.09.2025

Güven Deniz

https://doi.org/10.52835/19maysbd.1758981

Abstract

Türkiye’de son yıllarda idari vesayet yetkisi kapsamında belediye organlarına yapılan kayyım atamaları ciddi tartışmaları gündeme getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de belediyelere kayyım atanması uygulamasını eleştirel bir perspektifle incelemektedir. 2016 yılında ilan edilen olağanüstü hâl süreciyle ivme kazanan bu uygulama, zamanla geçici bir güvenlik tedbirinin ötesine geçerek kalıcı bir yönetsel araç haline gelmiştir. 1982 Anayasası, 5393 sayılı Belediye Kanunu ve Avrupa Yerel Yönetimler Özerklik Şartı gibi hukuki belgeler temel alınarak yapılan analizde, kayyım atamalarının hukuki dayanakları, siyasal sonuçları ve demokratik yönetişim üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmektedir. Terörle mücadele gerekçesiyle meşrulaştırılan bu uygulamaların sıklığı ve süresi, yerel özerklik, seçilmiş irade ve demokratik temsil ilkelerini zayıflatmaktadır. Makale, kayyım uygulamalarının merkeziyetçiliği artıran ve yerel yönetimlerde meşruiyet krizine yol açan bir yapıya dönüştüğünü savunmakta ve idari vesayet kavramının demokratik ilkelere uygun şekilde yeniden tanımlanmasını önermektedir.

Keywords

Vesayet , Yerel demokrasi , Kayyım , Yerel özerklik

Trustee Appointments as an Instrument of Administrative Tutelage in The Relationship Between Central and Local Governments

Abstract

In recent years, the appointment of trustees to municipal bodies within the scope of administrative tutelage authority in Turkey has sparked serious debates. This study examines the practice of appointing trustees to municipalities in Turkey from a critical perspective. In 2016, this practice gained momentum with the declaration of a state of emergency, and over time, it evolved from a temporary security measure into a permanent administrative tool. Drawing on the 1982 Constitution, Municipal Law No. 5393, and the European Charter of Local Self-Government, the analysis evaluates the legal basis, political consequences, and effects of trustee appointments on democratic governance. The frequency and duration of these practices, which are justified on anti-terrorism grounds, undermine the principles of local autonomy, democratic will, and representation. The article argues that trusteeship practices have become a structure that increases centralization and leads to a crisis of legitimacy in local governments, and proposes a redefinition of the concept of administrative tutelage in line with democratic principles.

Keywords

Tutelage , Local Democracy , Trustee , Local Autonomy

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