Etoposide hypersensitivity reactions and outcomes of desensitizations in immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions

Year 2024, , 175 - 180, 08.03.2024

Gözde Köycü Buhari , Sakine Nazik Bahçecioğlu , Selcan Gültuna , Özgür Akkale , Hatice Çelik Tuğlu , Onur Telli , Fatma Dindar Çelik , Melis Yağdıran , Dilek Çuhadar , Şenay Demir , Kurtuluş Aksu

https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1430895

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to define characteristics of hypersensitivity reactions with etoposide, and outcomes of desensitizations in immediate-type hypersensitivity rections
Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of patients who had hypersensitivity reactions with etoposide from January 2019 to December 2023.
Results: A total of 39 patients with lung cancer were included in the study. Ten (25.6%) patients had known other drug allergies and three (7.7%) patients had previous chemotherapeutic hypersensitivity two with paclitaxel and one with docetaxel. Most of the initial hypersensitivities were in the first or second cycle (n=29, 74.4%). Ten (25.4%) patients had hypersensitivity reactions at the first application of etoposide. Thirty (76.9%) patients had immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions. There was no significant difference in terms of patient and initial hypersensitivity characteristics between patients who had immediate or non-immediate type hypersensitivity reactions. Of the 30 patients with immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions, initial reaction was mild in 16 (53.3%) and moderate in 14 (46.7%) patients. Most common symptoms were erythema in 29 (96.7%), dyspnea in 13 (43.3%), chest tightness in 8 (26.7%), discomfortness in 7 (23.3%), and hypertension in 6 (20%). Skin tests were negative in five patients who underwent skin testing. A total of 98 desensitization courses were performed in 27 patients and 3 (11.1%) patients had breakthrough reactions.
Conclusion: Most of the hypersensitivity reactions to etoposide are immediate-type and not severe. Desensitization is an effective and safe procedure to manage these reactions. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of hypersensitivity reactions.

Keywords

Etoposide, hypersensitivity, desensitization, reaction, immediate, chemotherapy

Ethical Statement

The authors have not declared conflict of interest regarding to this manuscript. All authors gave consent for the publication of the manuscript. This study is approved by Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Training and Resarch Hospital, Clinical Trials Ethics Committee. Approval number: 2012-KAEK-15/2863 (date:27.12.2023) Because the study was designed retrospectively, no written informed consent form was obtained from patients The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The authors declared that this study has received no financial support. All of the authors declare that they have all participated in the design, execution, and analysis of the paper, and that they have approved the final version. Our study has been presented anywhere previously All authors have read the manuscript and approved its submission and met the requirements for authorship criteria. The authors confirm the manuscript is original. We also certify that all authors have written collectively at least 90% of the manuscript. The manuscript is not under consideration by any other journal at the same time and it has not been accepted for publication elsewhere.

Supporting Institution

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Thanks

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