Building System Characterization of Traditional Architecture in Cappadocia, Turkey

Abstract

Located in central Anatolia, Cappadocia presents a spectacular landscape created by characteristic geology and architectural patterns. Throughout the region an indigenous settlement pattern has been generated by using rock carving and masonry techniques. This article aims to identify and characterize the building system specific to this region and to analyze it through a systematic study. For this analysis more than twenty representative examples of traditional houses from Ürgüp and the nearby villages of Mustafapaşa and İbrahimpaşa have been studied in detail. System sections and details of the buildings were drawn, and interviews were conducted with local masons who are still working in the field. Therefore, every building part is evaluated in terms of material, technique, and relationship to each other.

Keywords

• Cappadocia, Vernacular architecture, Construction technique, Traditional house, Masonry building, Rock-cut architecture

Abstract

Kapadokya Anadolu’nun ortasında kendine özgü jeolojisi ve mimari dokusuyla etkileyici bir kültürel peyzaj alanı sunar. Kapadokya’da kaya oymacılık, yığma tekniklerle birlikte geleneksel yapım tekniklerini oluşturur. Bu iki tekniğin bir arada kullanılması, Kapadokya’da bölgeye özgü bir yerleşim dokusu ve mimarinin gelişmesini sağlamıştır. Bu çalışma bölgeye özgü bu yapım sistemini tanımlamak ve sistematik bir çalışmayla analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla Ürgüp ve yakın köyleri Mustafapaşa ve İbrahimpaşa’dan geleneksel konutları temsil eden 20’den fazla örnek seçilerek detaylı olarak çalışılmış, sistem kesitleri ve detayları çizilmiş, hala aktif olarak çalışan yerel yapı ustaları ile mülakatlar yapılmıştır. Böylece geleneksel konutlardaki her yapı öğesi malzeme teknik ve birbirleri ile ilişkileri bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

• Kapadokya, Vernaküler mimari, Yapım tekniği, Geleneksel konut, Yığma yapı, Kaya oyma mimari

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