Research Article
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The Relationship Between Procalcitonin Levels and Coronary Slow Flow.

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1528 - 1539, 15.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.568678

Abstract

Objective:
Coronary slow flow phenomenon is associated with angina pectoris and acute
coronary syndromes. Procalcitonin levels are correlated with the extent of
atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease. We aimed to evaluate
the relationship between procalcitonin and coronary slow flow phenomenon.

Material
and Method:
The present study included 50 patients with coronary
slow flow and 42 healthy subjects. The coronary slow flow phenomenon is defined
as delayed coronary opacification in the absence of obstructive coronary artery
disease. Coronary slow flow is evaluated with Thrombolysis in Myocardial
Infarction frame count method. The Procalcitonin was calculated from the blood
to analyze.

Results:
The C-reactive protein was significantly higher in the coronary slow flow group
than the control group. There was a positive and significant correlation
between the Mean Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction frame count and CRP
levels. There were no correlations between the C-reactive protein and
procalcitonin levels (r= -0.134, p= 0.204).









Conclusion:
Serum procalcitonin level was not associated with coronary slow flow. We have
shown the relationship between serum C-reactive protein and coronary slow flow.

References

  • 1. Tambe AA, Demany MA, Zimmerman HA, et al. Angina pectoris and slow flow velocity of dye in coronary arteries--a new angiographic finding. Am Heart J. 1972 Jul;84(1):66–71.
  • 2. Sezgin AT, Sgrc A, Barutcu I, et al. Vascular endothelial function in patients with slow coronary flow. Coron Artery Dis. 2003;14(2):155–161.
  • 3. Pekdemir H, Cin VG, Çiçek D, et al. Slow coronary flow may be a sign of diffuse atherosclerosis. Contribution of FFR and IVUS. Acta Cardiol. 2004;59(2):127–33.
  • 4. Horjeti B, Goda A. Acute ischemia manifestation in a patient with coronary slow flow phenomenon. J Electrocardiol. 2012;45(3):277–9.
  • 5. Wożakowska-Kapłon B, Niedziela J, Krzyżak P, et al. Clinical manifestations of slow coronary flow from acute coronary syndrome to serious arrhythmias. Cardiol J. 2009;16(5):462–8.
  • 6. Kalay N, Aytekin M, Kaya MG, et al. The relationship between inflammation and slow coronary flow: increased red cell distribution width and serum uric acid levels. Arch Turk Soc Cardiol. 2011;39(6):463–8.
  • 7. Ross R. 011499 Atherosclerosis -- An Inflammatory Disease. N Engl J Med. 1999;12.
  • 8. Haverkate E, Thompson SG, Pyke SD, et al. Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. The Lancet. 1997 Feb 15;349(9050):462–6.
  • 9. Assicot M, Bohuon C, Gendrel D, et al. High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. The Lancet. 1993 Feb 27;341(8844):515–8.
  • 10. Whicher J, Bienvenu J, Monneret G. Procalcitonin as an Acute Phase Marker. Ann Clin Biochem. :11.
  • 11. Kafkas N, Venetsanou K, Patsilinakos S, et al. Procalcitonin in acute myocardial infarction. Acute Card Care. 2008 Jan 1;10(1):30–6.
  • 12. Ataoğlu H, Yilmaz F, Uzunhasan I, et al. Procalcitonin: A Novel Cardiac Marker with Prognostic Value in Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Int Med Res. 2010 Feb;38(1):52–61.
  • 13. Gibson CM, Cannon CP, Daley WL, et al. TIMI frame count: a quantitative method of assessing coronary artery flow. Circulation. 1996 Mar 1;93(5):879–88.
  • 14. de Werra I, Jaccard C, Corradin SB, et al. Cytokines, nitrite/nitrate, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, and procalcitonin concentrations: Comparisons in patients with septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 1997 Apr;25(4):607.
  • 15. Buratti T, Ricevuti G, Pechlaner C, et al. Plasma Levels of Procalcitonin and Interleukin-6 in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Inflammation. 2001 Apr 1;25(2):97–100.
  • 16. Ilhan F, Akbulut H, Karaca I, et al. Procalcitonin, c-reactive protein and neopterin levels in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Acta Cardiol. 2005 Aug 1;60(4):361–5.
  • 17. Erren M, Reinecke H, Junker R, et al. Systemic inflammatory parameters in patients with atherosclerosis of the coronary and peripheral arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 Oct;19(10):2355–63.
  • 18. Sinning CR, Sinning J-M, Schulz A, et al. Association of serum procalcitonin with cardiovascular prognosis in coronary artery disease. Circ J Off J Jpn Circ Soc. 2011;75(5):1184–91.
  • 19. Murat SN, Kurtul A, Celik IE, et al. The association of serum procalcitonin level with the no-reflow phenomenon after a primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Coron Artery Dis. 2016 Mar;27(2):116–21.
  • 20. Kurtul A, Elcik D. Procalcitonin is an independent predictor for coronary atherosclerotic burden in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jun 1;236:61–4.
  • 21. Tunay Şentürk, Cordan J, Baran I, et al. Procalcitonin in patients with acute coronary syndrome: correlation with high-sensitive C-reactive protein, prognosis and severity of coronary artery disease. Acta Cardiol. 2007 Apr 1;62(2):135–41.
  • 22. Ferreirós ER, Boissonnet CP, Pizarro R, et al. Independent prognostic value of elevated C-reactive protein in unstable angina. Circulation. 1999 Nov 9;100(19):1958–63.
  • 23. Liuzzo G, Biasucci LM, Gallimore JR, et al. The Prognostic Value of C-Reactive Protein and Serum Amyloid A Protein in Severe Unstable Angina. N Engl J Med. 1994 Aug 18;331(7):417–24.
  • 24. Mangieri E, Macchiarelli G, Ciavolella M, et al. Slow coronary flow: Clinical and histopathological features in patients with otherwise normal epicardial coronary arteries. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1996;37(4):375–81.
  • 25. Mosseri M, Yarom R, Gotsman MS, et al. Histologic evidence for small-vessel coronary artery disease in patients with angina pectoris and patent large coronary arteries. Circulation. 1986 Nov;74(5):964–72.
  • 26. Antoniades C, Tousoulis D, Vasiliadou C, et al. Combined effects of smoking and hypercholesterolemia on inflammatory process, thrombosis/fibrinolysis system, and forearm hyperemic response. Am J Cardiol. 2004 Nov 1;94(9):1181–4.
  • 27. Xia S, Deng S-B, Wang Y, et al. Clinical analysis of the risk factors of slow coronary flow. Heart Vessels. 2011 Sep 1;26(5):480–6.
  • 28. Selcuk H, Maden O, Selcuk MT, et al. Documentation of impaired coronary blood flow in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Circ J Off J Jpn Circ Soc. 2010 Feb;74(2):346–52.
  • 29. Li J-J, Qin X-W, Li Z-C, et al. Increased plasma C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 concentrations in patients with slow coronary flow. Clin Chim Acta. 2007 Oct 1;385(1):43–7.
  • 30. Cetin M, Zencir C, Tasolar H, et al. The association of serum albumin with coronary slow flow. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2014 Aug 1;126(15):468–73.

Prokalsitonin Düzeyleri ile Koroner Yavaş Akım Arasındaki İlişki.

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1528 - 1539, 15.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.568678

Abstract

Amaç:
Koroner yavaş akım fenomeni anjina pektoris ve akut koroner sendrom ile
ilişkilidir. Prokalsitonin seviyeleri koroner arter hastalığı olan hastalarda
aterosklerozun yaygınlığı ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada prokalsitonin ve
koroner yavaş akım fenomeni arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçladık.



Yöntem:
Çalışmaya koroner yavaş akımı olan 50 hasta ve 42 sağlıklı birey alındı.
Koroner yavaş akım fenomeni, obstrüktif koroner arter hastalığı yokluğunda
gecikmiş koroner opasifikasyon olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Koroner yavaş akım, Tromboliz
Miyokard İnfarktüsü frame sayma yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Prokalsitonin değerleri
kandan analiz edildi.



Bulgular:
C-reaktif protein koroner yavaş akım grubunda kontrol grubundan anlamlı
derecede yüksekti. Ortalama Tromboliz Miyokard İnfarktüsü frame sayıs ile CRP
düzeyleri arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir korelasyon vardı. C-reaktif protein
ve prokalsitonin düzeyleri arasında korelasyon yoktu (r = -0.134, p = 0.204).



Sonuç:
Serum prokalsitonin düzeyi koroner yavaş akım ile ilişkili değildi. Bu
çalışmada
serum C-reaktif protein ve koroner yavaş akım arasındaki
ilişkiyi gösterdik.

References

  • 1. Tambe AA, Demany MA, Zimmerman HA, et al. Angina pectoris and slow flow velocity of dye in coronary arteries--a new angiographic finding. Am Heart J. 1972 Jul;84(1):66–71.
  • 2. Sezgin AT, Sgrc A, Barutcu I, et al. Vascular endothelial function in patients with slow coronary flow. Coron Artery Dis. 2003;14(2):155–161.
  • 3. Pekdemir H, Cin VG, Çiçek D, et al. Slow coronary flow may be a sign of diffuse atherosclerosis. Contribution of FFR and IVUS. Acta Cardiol. 2004;59(2):127–33.
  • 4. Horjeti B, Goda A. Acute ischemia manifestation in a patient with coronary slow flow phenomenon. J Electrocardiol. 2012;45(3):277–9.
  • 5. Wożakowska-Kapłon B, Niedziela J, Krzyżak P, et al. Clinical manifestations of slow coronary flow from acute coronary syndrome to serious arrhythmias. Cardiol J. 2009;16(5):462–8.
  • 6. Kalay N, Aytekin M, Kaya MG, et al. The relationship between inflammation and slow coronary flow: increased red cell distribution width and serum uric acid levels. Arch Turk Soc Cardiol. 2011;39(6):463–8.
  • 7. Ross R. 011499 Atherosclerosis -- An Inflammatory Disease. N Engl J Med. 1999;12.
  • 8. Haverkate E, Thompson SG, Pyke SD, et al. Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. The Lancet. 1997 Feb 15;349(9050):462–6.
  • 9. Assicot M, Bohuon C, Gendrel D, et al. High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. The Lancet. 1993 Feb 27;341(8844):515–8.
  • 10. Whicher J, Bienvenu J, Monneret G. Procalcitonin as an Acute Phase Marker. Ann Clin Biochem. :11.
  • 11. Kafkas N, Venetsanou K, Patsilinakos S, et al. Procalcitonin in acute myocardial infarction. Acute Card Care. 2008 Jan 1;10(1):30–6.
  • 12. Ataoğlu H, Yilmaz F, Uzunhasan I, et al. Procalcitonin: A Novel Cardiac Marker with Prognostic Value in Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Int Med Res. 2010 Feb;38(1):52–61.
  • 13. Gibson CM, Cannon CP, Daley WL, et al. TIMI frame count: a quantitative method of assessing coronary artery flow. Circulation. 1996 Mar 1;93(5):879–88.
  • 14. de Werra I, Jaccard C, Corradin SB, et al. Cytokines, nitrite/nitrate, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, and procalcitonin concentrations: Comparisons in patients with septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 1997 Apr;25(4):607.
  • 15. Buratti T, Ricevuti G, Pechlaner C, et al. Plasma Levels of Procalcitonin and Interleukin-6 in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Inflammation. 2001 Apr 1;25(2):97–100.
  • 16. Ilhan F, Akbulut H, Karaca I, et al. Procalcitonin, c-reactive protein and neopterin levels in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Acta Cardiol. 2005 Aug 1;60(4):361–5.
  • 17. Erren M, Reinecke H, Junker R, et al. Systemic inflammatory parameters in patients with atherosclerosis of the coronary and peripheral arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 Oct;19(10):2355–63.
  • 18. Sinning CR, Sinning J-M, Schulz A, et al. Association of serum procalcitonin with cardiovascular prognosis in coronary artery disease. Circ J Off J Jpn Circ Soc. 2011;75(5):1184–91.
  • 19. Murat SN, Kurtul A, Celik IE, et al. The association of serum procalcitonin level with the no-reflow phenomenon after a primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Coron Artery Dis. 2016 Mar;27(2):116–21.
  • 20. Kurtul A, Elcik D. Procalcitonin is an independent predictor for coronary atherosclerotic burden in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jun 1;236:61–4.
  • 21. Tunay Şentürk, Cordan J, Baran I, et al. Procalcitonin in patients with acute coronary syndrome: correlation with high-sensitive C-reactive protein, prognosis and severity of coronary artery disease. Acta Cardiol. 2007 Apr 1;62(2):135–41.
  • 22. Ferreirós ER, Boissonnet CP, Pizarro R, et al. Independent prognostic value of elevated C-reactive protein in unstable angina. Circulation. 1999 Nov 9;100(19):1958–63.
  • 23. Liuzzo G, Biasucci LM, Gallimore JR, et al. The Prognostic Value of C-Reactive Protein and Serum Amyloid A Protein in Severe Unstable Angina. N Engl J Med. 1994 Aug 18;331(7):417–24.
  • 24. Mangieri E, Macchiarelli G, Ciavolella M, et al. Slow coronary flow: Clinical and histopathological features in patients with otherwise normal epicardial coronary arteries. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1996;37(4):375–81.
  • 25. Mosseri M, Yarom R, Gotsman MS, et al. Histologic evidence for small-vessel coronary artery disease in patients with angina pectoris and patent large coronary arteries. Circulation. 1986 Nov;74(5):964–72.
  • 26. Antoniades C, Tousoulis D, Vasiliadou C, et al. Combined effects of smoking and hypercholesterolemia on inflammatory process, thrombosis/fibrinolysis system, and forearm hyperemic response. Am J Cardiol. 2004 Nov 1;94(9):1181–4.
  • 27. Xia S, Deng S-B, Wang Y, et al. Clinical analysis of the risk factors of slow coronary flow. Heart Vessels. 2011 Sep 1;26(5):480–6.
  • 28. Selcuk H, Maden O, Selcuk MT, et al. Documentation of impaired coronary blood flow in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Circ J Off J Jpn Circ Soc. 2010 Feb;74(2):346–52.
  • 29. Li J-J, Qin X-W, Li Z-C, et al. Increased plasma C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 concentrations in patients with slow coronary flow. Clin Chim Acta. 2007 Oct 1;385(1):43–7.
  • 30. Cetin M, Zencir C, Tasolar H, et al. The association of serum albumin with coronary slow flow. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2014 Aug 1;126(15):468–73.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ramazan Asoğlu 0000-0002-4777-1166

Hakan Kaya 0000-0002-5925-5150

Emin Asoğlu This is me 0000-0003-1302-1006

Abdülmecid Afşin 0000-0001-9301-9525

Arif Süner 0000-0002-5928-3338

Publication Date August 15, 2019
Submission Date May 21, 2019
Acceptance Date June 19, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Asoğlu R, Kaya H, Asoğlu E, Afşin A, Süner A. The Relationship Between Procalcitonin Levels and Coronary Slow Flow. ADYÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Derg. August 2019;5(2):1528-1539. doi:10.30569/adiyamansaglik.568678