JEWISH PROPHETIC MOVEMENTS IN THE FIRST CENTURY CE

Abstract

This study analyses the prophetic movements in Judaea during the first century CE. In the first and second centuries CE, Jewish resistance and revolts against Rome had an ideological aspect. This ideology was based on the expectation of political freedom and theological redemption, shaped by Jewish eschatology and messianic expectations. From the middle of the first century CE, many people in the Judaea followed prophets who retreated into the wilderness and promised the people eschatological deliverance. In a way that explains this situation, the ideological attitude of the Jews towards foreign rule, which they saw as a threat to their faith, is clearly expressed in the Jewish literature of this period. In contrast, Iosephus, our main source for first–century CE Jewish history, refrained from explicitly stating the ideology of those who were followed as prophets in Judaea. This study aims to examine the eschatological ideology, prophetic movements, and Iosephus' attitude towards them, which had a significant impact on Jewish society.

Keywords

• Jewish eschatology
• Prophetic movements
• Judaea
• Josephus

İS BİRİNCİ YÜZYILDA YAHUDİ PEYGAMBER HAREKETLERİ

Abstract

Bu çalışma İS birinci yüzyılda Yehuda’daki peygamber hareketlerini incelemektedir. İS birinci ve ikinci yüzyıllarda Yahudilerin Roma'ya karşı direniş ve isyanlarının ideolojik bir boyutu vardı. Bu ideoloji, Yahudi eskatolojisi ve mesih beklentileriyle şekillenen siyasi özgürlük ve teolojik kurtuluş beklentisine dayanıyordu. İS birinci yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren Yehuda’daki birçok insan, çöllere çekilen ve halka eskatolojik kurtuluş vaat eden peygamberleri takip etti. Bu durumu açıklayacak şekilde Yahudilerin inançlarına tehdit olarak gördükleri yabancı yönetime karşı takındıkları ideolojik tutum, bu dönemin Yahudi literatüründe açıkça ifade edilmektedir. Buna karşılık, İS birinci yüzyıl Yahudi tarihiyle ilgili ana kaynağımız olan Iosephus, Yehuda'da peygamber olarak takip edilenlerin ideolojisini açıkça belirtmekten kaçındı. Bu çalışma, Yahudi toplumunu önemli ölçüde etkileyen eskatolojik ideolojiyi, peygamber hareketlerini ve Iosephus'un bunlara karşı tutumunu incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Yahudi eskatolojisi
• peygamber hareketleri
• Yehuda
• Iosephus

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