Research Article

ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE

Number: 52 April 23, 2026
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ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE

Abstract

This article examines the role of emotions in social transformation through a comparative analysis of Karl Marx’s historical materialism and Jon Elster’s critique of Marx’s social theory. While Marx explains social change primarily in terms of material conditions, productive relations, and structural contradictions within capitalism, he does not develop a systematic account of emotions as motivating forces of social action. Elster criticizes this omission and argues that moral emotions, such as justice, empathy, resentment, and solidarity, play a crucial role in motivating both individual and collective action. Drawing on Elster’s theory of methodological individualism and his critique of rational choice models, this study explores whether emotions should be understood as causes of social change or as outcomes of structural conditions. The article argues that although Marx did not conceptualize emotions as direct drivers of historical transformation, key concepts such as alienation and commodity fetishism contain implicit emotional dimensions. Elster’s contribution is therefore best understood not as a replacement of Marx’s framework, but as an external and complementary critique that highlights the motivational and affective dimensions of social struggle. Integrating emotional dynamics into social theory allows for a more comprehensive understanding of how individuals become mobilized for collective action and social change.

Keywords

References

  1. Berman, M. (1988). All that is solid melts into air: The experience of modernity. London: Penguin Books.
  2. Callinicos, A. (1999). Social theory: a historical introduction. New York University Press.
  3. Demir, Z. (2018). “Karl Marx’ın bakış açısından kapitalist toplumda yabancılaşma ve sonuçları.” Abant Journal of Cultural Studies, 3(5): 63-74.
  4. Demirel, Ö. (2005). Eğitim sözlüğü (Dictionary of education). Ankara: PegemA Publishing.
  5. Elster, J. (1983a). “Explanation, freedom, and justice.” American Society for Political and Philosophy. 26, 277-304.
  6. Elster, J. (1983b). Sour Grapes: Studies in the subversion of rationality. Cambridge University Press.
  7. Elster, J. (1986). An introduction to Karl Marx. Cambridge University Press.
  8. Elster, J. (1989). The cement of society. Cambridge University Press.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

20th Century Philosophy

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

April 23, 2026

Submission Date

January 1, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 12, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 52

APA
Kibar, S., & Alpkaya, L. (2026). ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 52, 798-829. https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.1853999
AMA
1.Kibar S, Alpkaya L. ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026;(52):798-829. doi:10.14520/adyusbd.1853999
Chicago
Kibar, Sibel, and Leyla Alpkaya. 2026. “ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, nos. 52: 798-829. https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.1853999.
EndNote
Kibar S, Alpkaya L (April 1, 2026) ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 52 798–829.
IEEE
[1]S. Kibar and L. Alpkaya, “ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE”, Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, no. 52, pp. 798–829, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.14520/adyusbd.1853999.
ISNAD
Kibar, Sibel - Alpkaya, Leyla. “ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 52 (April 1, 2026): 798-829. https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.1853999.
JAMA
1.Kibar S, Alpkaya L. ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026;:798–829.
MLA
Kibar, Sibel, and Leyla Alpkaya. “ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE”. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, no. 52, Apr. 2026, pp. 798-29, doi:10.14520/adyusbd.1853999.
Vancouver
1.Sibel Kibar, Leyla Alpkaya. ELSTER’S CRITIQUE OF MARX ON THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL CHANGE. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026 Apr. 1;(52):798-829. doi:10.14520/adyusbd.1853999