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Çocukluk Dönemi Cinsel İstismarına İlişkin Mitler Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2018, Issue: 30, 778 - 808, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.406626

Abstract



Bu
çalışmada araştırmacılar tarafından üniversite öğrencilerinin ÇCİ mitlerini
ölçmek amacıyla Çocukların Cinsel İstismarına İlişkin Mitler Ölçeği (ÇCİMÖ)
geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek geliştirme çalışması kapsamında 2017-2018 öğretim yılı
bahar yarıyılında Adıyaman Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim görmekte olan ve dört ayrı
çalışma grubundan elde edilen veriler üzerinde analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin
geçerlik çalışmaları kapsamında kapsam, görünüş ve yapı geçerliğine
bakılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği için açımlayıcı, doğrulayıcı faktör
analizi, madde toplam korelasyonu analizleri yapılmıştır. Test tekrar test
güvenirlikleri için düzeltilmiş korelasyon katsayıları birinci boyut için .93
ikinci boyut için .89 olarak saptanmıştır. Toplam 22 maddeden ve “bildirim ve
güvenilirlik” ile “istismarcı özellikleri” olmak üzere iki faktörden oluşan ÇCİMÖ’nün
uyum indekslerinin anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak ÇCİMÖ’nün
üniversite öğrencilerinin ÇCİ mitlerini ölçebilecek, geçerli ve güvenilir bir
ölçme aracı olabileceğini göstermektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar ilgili literatür
ışığında tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.



References

  • Barth, J., Bermetz, L., Heim, E., Trelle, S., ve Tonia, T. (2013). “The Current Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” International Journal of Public Health, 58(3): 469-483.
  • Boakye, K. E. (2009). “Culture and Nondisclosure of Child Sexual Abuse in Ghana: A Theoretical and Empirical Exploration.” Law & Social Inquiry, 34(4): 951-979.
  • Bottoms, B. L., Peter‐Hagene, L. C., Stevenson, M. C., Wiley, T. R., Mitchell, T. S., ve Goodman, G. S. (2014). “Explaining Gender Differences in Jurors' Reactions To Child Sexual Assault Cases.” Behavioral Sciences & The Law, 32(6): 789-812.
  • Brown, J., ve Saied-Tessier, A. (2015). Preventing child sexual abuse. 03.01.2018 tarihinde http://www.brightonandhovelscb.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/preventing-child-sexual-abuse-towards-a-national-strategy.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı, Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem A Yayınları.
  • Chen, J. Q., ve Chen, D. G. (2005). “Awareness of child Sexual Abuse Prevention Education Among Parents of Grade 3 Elementary School Pupils in Fuxin City, China.” Health Education Research, 20(5): 540-547.
  • Collings, S. J. (1997). “Development, Reliability, and Validity of the Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12(5): 665-674.
  • Collings, S. J., Lindblom, L., Madu, S. N., ve Park, M. S. (2009). “The Cross-Cultural Validity of the Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale: A Preliminary Investigation.” Journal of Psychology in Africa, 19(1): 9-17.
  • Cossins, A., Goodman-Delahunty, J., ve O'Brien, K. (2009). “Uncertainty and Misconceptions about Child Sexual Abuse: Implications for the Criminal Justice System.” Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 16(3): 435-452.
  • Cromer, L. D., ve Freyd, J. J. (2007). “What Influences Believing Child Sexual Abuse Disclosures? The Roles of Depicted Memory Persistence, Participant Gender, Trauma History, And Sexism.” Psychology of Women Quarterly, 31(1): 13-22.
  • Cromer, L. D., ve Freyd, J. J. (2009). “Hear No Evil, See No Evil? Associations of Gender, Trauma History, and Values with Believing Trauma Vignettes.” Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 9(1): 85-96.
  • Cromer, L. D., ve Goldsmith, R. E. (2010). “Child Sexual Abuse Myths: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Individual Differences.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 19(6): 618-647.Çamaş, G. G., ve Meşe, G. (2016). “Sosyal Hiyerarşi: Cinsel Şiddet Mitlerini Anlamak.” Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 31(78): 62-74.
  • Çoklar, I., ve Meşe, G. (2014). “Illinois Tecavüz Mitlerini Kabul Ölçeği Kısa Formunu Türkçe’ye Uyarlama Çalışması.” Psikoloji Çalışmaları Dergisi, 34(2): 53-64.Fontes, L. A., ve Plummer, C. (2010). “Cultural Issues in Disclosures of Child Sexual Abuse.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 19(5): 491-518.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Frese, B., Moya, M., ve Megías, J. L. (2004). “Social Perception of Rape: How Rape Myth Acceptance Modulates the Influence of Situational Factors.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(2): 143-161.
  • Goodman-Delahunty, J., Martschuk, N., ve Cossins, A. (2017). “Validation of the Child Sexual Abuse Knowledge Questionnaire.” Psychology, Crime & Law, 23(4): 391-412. Kenny, M. C., ve McEachern, A. G. (2000). “Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Factors of Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Selected Review of the Literature.” Clinical Psychology Review, 20(7): 905-922.
  • Keser, N., Odabaş, E., ve Elibüyük, S. (2010). “Ana-babaların Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Konusundaki Bilgi Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi.” Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi, 4(3): 150-157.
  • Kleemeier, C., Webb, C., Hazzard, A., ve Pohl, J. (1988). “Child Sexual Abuse Prevention: Evaluation of a Teacher Training Model.” Child Abuse & Neglect, 12(4): 555-561.
  • Klettke, B., ve Mellor, D. (2017). “The Effects of Victim Age, Perceiver Gender, and Parental Status on Perceptions of Victim Culpability When Girls or Women Are Sexually Abused.” Violence Against Women. 03.01.2018 tarihinde SAGE veritabanından alınmıştır.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Koçtürk, N., ve Bilginer, Ç. (Basımda). “Negative Reactions to the Sexually Abused Victims, Withdrawing the Complaint, and Outcomes of the Litigation.”
  • Koçtürk, N., ve Bilge, F. (2018). “Social Support of Adolescent Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse and Sexual Revictimization in Turkey.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 27(1): 38-52.
  • Ligiéro, D. P., Fassinger, R., McCauley, M., Moore, J., ve Lyytinen, N. (2009). “Childhood Sexual Abuse, Culture, and Coping: A Qualitative Study of Latinas.” Psychology of Women Quarterly, 33(1): 67-80.
  • Marcoulides, G. ve Schumacher, R. (2001). New developments and Techniques in structural Equation modeling. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Márquez-Flores, M. M., Márquez-Hernández, V. V., ve Granados-Gámez, G. (2016). “Teachers’ Knowledge and Beliefs About Child Sexual Abuse.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 25(5): 538-555.
  • Murray, L. K., Nguyen, A., ve Cohen, J. A. (2014). “Child Sexual Abuse.” Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 23(2): 321-337.
  • Nurse, A. M. (2017). “Knowledge and Behavioral Impact of Adult Participation in Child Sexual Abuse Prevention: Evaluation of the Protecting God’s Children Program.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 26(5): 608-624.
  • Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS survival guide: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows. New York: Open University Press.
  • Paolucci, E. O., Genuis, M. L., ve Violato, C. (2001). “A Meta-Analysis of the Published Research on the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse.” The Journal of Psychology, 135(1): 17-36.
  • Pereda, N., Arch, M., Guerra-González, R., Llerena, G., Berta-Alemany, M., Saccinto, E., ve Gascón, E. (2012). “Knowledge and Beliefs on Child Sexual Abuse by Spanish University Students.” Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, 28(2): 524-531.
  • Sanberk, İ., Emen, M., ve Kabakçı, D. (2017). “An Investigation of Socially Advantaged and Disadvantaged Turkish Mothers’ Views About Training on Preventing Children from Sexual Abuse.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 26(3): 288-307.
  • Schriesheim, C. A., ve Eisenbach, R. J. (1995). “An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor-Analytic Investigation of Item Wording Effects on the Obtained Factor Structures of Survey Questionnaire Measures.” Journal of Management, 21(6): 1177-1193.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015). “Zorbalıkla Başa Çıkma Stratejileri Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması.” Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30: 85-105.
  • Suarez, E., ve Gadalla, T. M. (2010). “Stop Blaming the Victim: A Meta-Analysis on Rape Myths.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(11): 2010-2035.
  • Suliman, R. ve Collings, S. J. (2005). “Child Sexual Abuse Myth Acceptance Among Helping Professionals’ and Students’ Attitudes Towards Female Sex Offenders.” Journal of Sexual Aggression, 17(1): 105-116.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. ve Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Verlinden, K., Scharmanski, S., Urbann, K., ve Bienstein, P. (2016). “Preventing Sexual Abuse of Children and Adolescents with Disabilities-Evaluation Results of a Prevention Training for University Students.” International Journal of Technology and Inclusive Education (IJTIE), 5(2): 859-867.

The Development of The Childhood Sexual Abuse Myths Scale: Validity and Reliability Study

Year 2018, Issue: 30, 778 - 808, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.406626

Abstract

In this
study, Childhood Sexual Abuse Myths Scale (CSAMS) was developed to identify
myths related to childhood sexual abuse (CSA) by the researchers. Within the
framework of the scale development study, analyses were carried out on data
obtained from four different study groups in Adıyaman University during the
spring semester of 2017-2018 academic year. Content and construct validity were
examined within the validity studies of the scale. An explanatory factor
analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, item total correlation analysis was
performed for construct validity of the scale. In the reliability studies of
the scale, the internal consistency coefficient and test retest reliability
were examined. Corrected correlation coefficients for test retest reliability
were .89 for the first dimension and .89 for the second dimension. Compliance
indices of 22 items, consisting of two factors, "reporting and
reliability" and "abuser’s characteristics", were found to be
significant.  As a result, CSAMS shows that
university students can be a valid and reliable measurement tool to measure CSA
myths. The obtained results were discussed and suggested for researchers in the
light of the related literature.

References

  • Barth, J., Bermetz, L., Heim, E., Trelle, S., ve Tonia, T. (2013). “The Current Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” International Journal of Public Health, 58(3): 469-483.
  • Boakye, K. E. (2009). “Culture and Nondisclosure of Child Sexual Abuse in Ghana: A Theoretical and Empirical Exploration.” Law & Social Inquiry, 34(4): 951-979.
  • Bottoms, B. L., Peter‐Hagene, L. C., Stevenson, M. C., Wiley, T. R., Mitchell, T. S., ve Goodman, G. S. (2014). “Explaining Gender Differences in Jurors' Reactions To Child Sexual Assault Cases.” Behavioral Sciences & The Law, 32(6): 789-812.
  • Brown, J., ve Saied-Tessier, A. (2015). Preventing child sexual abuse. 03.01.2018 tarihinde http://www.brightonandhovelscb.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/preventing-child-sexual-abuse-towards-a-national-strategy.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı, Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem A Yayınları.
  • Chen, J. Q., ve Chen, D. G. (2005). “Awareness of child Sexual Abuse Prevention Education Among Parents of Grade 3 Elementary School Pupils in Fuxin City, China.” Health Education Research, 20(5): 540-547.
  • Collings, S. J. (1997). “Development, Reliability, and Validity of the Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12(5): 665-674.
  • Collings, S. J., Lindblom, L., Madu, S. N., ve Park, M. S. (2009). “The Cross-Cultural Validity of the Child Sexual Abuse Myth Scale: A Preliminary Investigation.” Journal of Psychology in Africa, 19(1): 9-17.
  • Cossins, A., Goodman-Delahunty, J., ve O'Brien, K. (2009). “Uncertainty and Misconceptions about Child Sexual Abuse: Implications for the Criminal Justice System.” Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 16(3): 435-452.
  • Cromer, L. D., ve Freyd, J. J. (2007). “What Influences Believing Child Sexual Abuse Disclosures? The Roles of Depicted Memory Persistence, Participant Gender, Trauma History, And Sexism.” Psychology of Women Quarterly, 31(1): 13-22.
  • Cromer, L. D., ve Freyd, J. J. (2009). “Hear No Evil, See No Evil? Associations of Gender, Trauma History, and Values with Believing Trauma Vignettes.” Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 9(1): 85-96.
  • Cromer, L. D., ve Goldsmith, R. E. (2010). “Child Sexual Abuse Myths: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Individual Differences.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 19(6): 618-647.Çamaş, G. G., ve Meşe, G. (2016). “Sosyal Hiyerarşi: Cinsel Şiddet Mitlerini Anlamak.” Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 31(78): 62-74.
  • Çoklar, I., ve Meşe, G. (2014). “Illinois Tecavüz Mitlerini Kabul Ölçeği Kısa Formunu Türkçe’ye Uyarlama Çalışması.” Psikoloji Çalışmaları Dergisi, 34(2): 53-64.Fontes, L. A., ve Plummer, C. (2010). “Cultural Issues in Disclosures of Child Sexual Abuse.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 19(5): 491-518.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Frese, B., Moya, M., ve Megías, J. L. (2004). “Social Perception of Rape: How Rape Myth Acceptance Modulates the Influence of Situational Factors.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(2): 143-161.
  • Goodman-Delahunty, J., Martschuk, N., ve Cossins, A. (2017). “Validation of the Child Sexual Abuse Knowledge Questionnaire.” Psychology, Crime & Law, 23(4): 391-412. Kenny, M. C., ve McEachern, A. G. (2000). “Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Factors of Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Selected Review of the Literature.” Clinical Psychology Review, 20(7): 905-922.
  • Keser, N., Odabaş, E., ve Elibüyük, S. (2010). “Ana-babaların Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Konusundaki Bilgi Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi.” Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi, 4(3): 150-157.
  • Kleemeier, C., Webb, C., Hazzard, A., ve Pohl, J. (1988). “Child Sexual Abuse Prevention: Evaluation of a Teacher Training Model.” Child Abuse & Neglect, 12(4): 555-561.
  • Klettke, B., ve Mellor, D. (2017). “The Effects of Victim Age, Perceiver Gender, and Parental Status on Perceptions of Victim Culpability When Girls or Women Are Sexually Abused.” Violence Against Women. 03.01.2018 tarihinde SAGE veritabanından alınmıştır.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Koçtürk, N., ve Bilginer, Ç. (Basımda). “Negative Reactions to the Sexually Abused Victims, Withdrawing the Complaint, and Outcomes of the Litigation.”
  • Koçtürk, N., ve Bilge, F. (2018). “Social Support of Adolescent Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse and Sexual Revictimization in Turkey.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 27(1): 38-52.
  • Ligiéro, D. P., Fassinger, R., McCauley, M., Moore, J., ve Lyytinen, N. (2009). “Childhood Sexual Abuse, Culture, and Coping: A Qualitative Study of Latinas.” Psychology of Women Quarterly, 33(1): 67-80.
  • Marcoulides, G. ve Schumacher, R. (2001). New developments and Techniques in structural Equation modeling. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Márquez-Flores, M. M., Márquez-Hernández, V. V., ve Granados-Gámez, G. (2016). “Teachers’ Knowledge and Beliefs About Child Sexual Abuse.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 25(5): 538-555.
  • Murray, L. K., Nguyen, A., ve Cohen, J. A. (2014). “Child Sexual Abuse.” Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 23(2): 321-337.
  • Nurse, A. M. (2017). “Knowledge and Behavioral Impact of Adult Participation in Child Sexual Abuse Prevention: Evaluation of the Protecting God’s Children Program.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 26(5): 608-624.
  • Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS survival guide: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows. New York: Open University Press.
  • Paolucci, E. O., Genuis, M. L., ve Violato, C. (2001). “A Meta-Analysis of the Published Research on the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse.” The Journal of Psychology, 135(1): 17-36.
  • Pereda, N., Arch, M., Guerra-González, R., Llerena, G., Berta-Alemany, M., Saccinto, E., ve Gascón, E. (2012). “Knowledge and Beliefs on Child Sexual Abuse by Spanish University Students.” Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, 28(2): 524-531.
  • Sanberk, İ., Emen, M., ve Kabakçı, D. (2017). “An Investigation of Socially Advantaged and Disadvantaged Turkish Mothers’ Views About Training on Preventing Children from Sexual Abuse.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 26(3): 288-307.
  • Schriesheim, C. A., ve Eisenbach, R. J. (1995). “An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor-Analytic Investigation of Item Wording Effects on the Obtained Factor Structures of Survey Questionnaire Measures.” Journal of Management, 21(6): 1177-1193.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015). “Zorbalıkla Başa Çıkma Stratejileri Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması.” Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30: 85-105.
  • Suarez, E., ve Gadalla, T. M. (2010). “Stop Blaming the Victim: A Meta-Analysis on Rape Myths.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(11): 2010-2035.
  • Suliman, R. ve Collings, S. J. (2005). “Child Sexual Abuse Myth Acceptance Among Helping Professionals’ and Students’ Attitudes Towards Female Sex Offenders.” Journal of Sexual Aggression, 17(1): 105-116.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. ve Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Verlinden, K., Scharmanski, S., Urbann, K., ve Bienstein, P. (2016). “Preventing Sexual Abuse of Children and Adolescents with Disabilities-Evaluation Results of a Prevention Training for University Students.” International Journal of Technology and Inclusive Education (IJTIE), 5(2): 859-867.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nilüfer Koçtürk 0000-0001-6124-1842

Seval Kızıldağ

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 30

Cite

APA Koçtürk, N., & Kızıldağ, S. (2018). Çocukluk Dönemi Cinsel İstismarına İlişkin Mitler Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(30), 778-808. https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.406626