Volkanik Patlamaların Prehistorik Topluluklar Üzerindeki Etkisini Araştırmak için Sistematik Bir Yaklaşım Örneği

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 1 - 17, 29.03.2024

Tolunay Bayram

https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1260047

Öz

Volkanik alanlarda gerçekleştirilen arkeolojik çalışmalarda volkanik patlama kalıntıları ile sıklıkla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu kalıntılar genellikle araştırma tasarımının dışında, tesadüfi olarak tespit edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte volkanik patlamalar, arkeolojide yoğun ekolojik ve sosyal etkilerine rağmen çok az ilgi gösterilen bir konu başlığı olagelmiştir. Ancak geçmiş toplulukların volkanik aktivitelerden doğrudan ve/veya dolaylı olarak etkilenmiş olduğu göz ardı edilemez bir gerçektir. Son yıllarda sistematik ve disiplinler arası çalışmaların sayısı giderek artmaya başlamıştır.

Arkeoloji, volkanik olaylar ve geçmiş insan toplulukları arasındaki ilişkiyi karşılaştırmalı ve ayrıntılı olarak araştırmak için temel verilere sahiptir. Ancak bu veriler genellikle afetlerin fiziksel etkilerini anlamak için kullanılmaktadır. Patlamaların toplumsal kırılganlıklar, iç sosyal gerilimler, kültürel değişim, inanç sistemleri üzerindeki etkileri göz ardı edilmektedir. Paleososyal volkanoloji gibi sistematik yaklaşım örnekleri arkeoloji ve volkanoloji ortak kümesinde doğal afetlerin sosyoekolojik yönlerini ortaya koymak için bir potansiyel barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Felix Riede’in paleososyal volkanoloji yaklaşımı açıklanarak volkanik olaylar ve prehistorik topluluklar ilişkisinin arkeolojik araştırmalardaki temel prensiplerini tanımlamak amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anahtar Kelimeler: Arkeoloji, Paleososyal Volkanoloji, Prehistorya, Sosyal Etki, Volkanik Patlamalar

An Example of a Systematic Approach to Investigate the Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on Prehistoric Communities

Öz

Remains of volcanic eruptions are frequently encountered during archaeological excavations in volcanic areas. These remains are often discovered by chance, outside of the research design. However, volcanic eruptions have received little attention in archaeology despite their intense ecological and social impacts. However, it cannot be ignored that past communities were directly and/or indirectly affected by volcanic activity. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of systematic and interdisciplinary studies on this topic.

Archaeology has the basic data to investigate the relationship between volcanic events and past human societies in a comparative and detailed way. However, these data are often used to understand the physical effects of disasters. The effects of eruptions on social vulnerabilities, internal social tensions, cultural change, and belief systems are ignored. Examples of systematic approaches, such as paleo-social volcanology, have the potential to reveal the socioecological aspects of natural disasters in the joint cluster of archaeology and volcanology. This study aims to describe Felix Riede's paleo-social volcanology approach and to define the basic principles of the relationship between volcanic events and prehistoric communities in archaeological research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Archaeology, Paleo-social Volcanology, Prehistory, Social Impact, Volcanic Eruptions

Kaynakça

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