COVID-19 AŞILARI ÜZERİNDEKİ PATENT HAKKININ KAPSAMININ KAMU SAĞLIĞI AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2021, , 161 - 224, 09.08.2021

Başak Özkök Gökmen

https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.979225

Abstract

Patent hakkı, sahibine hakkın konusunu oluşturan buluş üzerinde inhisari hak sağlayan bir fikri mülkiyet hakkıdır. Bununla birlikte toplum menfaatleri gözetilerek patent hakkı sahibinin inhisari hakkı, uluslararası ve ulusal düzenlemelerde istisna ve sınırlamalara tabi tutulmuştur. Küresel önem taşıyan kamu sağlığıyla ilişkili istisnalar ve sınırlamalar COVID-19 aşıları bakımından güncel bir konudur. Patent hakkı ülkelerin COVID-19 aşılarına erişimde yaşadığı eşitsizliğin sebeplerinden birisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu nedenle mevcut kamu sağlığı krizine karşı patent hakkını ilgilendiren çözüm önerileri incelenmeye muhtaçtır. Çalışmada gündemdeki tartışmalar doğrultusunda COVID-19 aşılarında patent hakkına geçici süreyle muafiyet tanınması veya kamu sağlığı gerekçesine dayalı bir patent hakkı sınırlaması olan zorunlu lisans yoluna başvurulması önerileri tartışılacaktır.

Keywords

Fikri Mülkiyet Hakkı, Sağlık hakkı, Patent hakkı, Kamu sağlığı, COVID-19 Aşıları.

ANALYSIS OF COVID-19 VACCINES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH TO PATENT RIGHT

Abstract

Patent right is an intellectual property right that provides exclusive rights over the invention which constitutes the subject of the right. The exclusive right of the patent holder has been subject to exceptions and limitations in international and national regulations to protect public welfare. Globally important public health-related exceptions and limitations are a current issue in terms of COVID-19 vaccines. Patent rights are recognized as one of the reasons why countries experience inequality in access to COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, against the current public health crisis, the solution proposals concerning the patent right need to be examined. In this study, in line with the discussions on the agenda, proposals to give a temporary waiver to the patent right in COVID-19 vaccines or to apply for a compulsory license method, which is a patent right exception based on public health grounds, will be discussed.

Keywords

Intellectual property right, Right to health, Patent right, Public health, COVID-19 vaccines.

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