Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Okul Bahçesindeki Etkinliklerinde Esnek Materyallere Yer Verme Durumlarının İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 1 - 27

İlkay İrem İrioğlu , Mehmet Mart

https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2025..-1407639

Abstract

: Esnek materyaller, içinde birçok değişkeni barındıran, çocukların istediği şekilde kullanabilecekleri, çeşitli figürlerin oluşturulabileceği, birleştirilebilen, dağıtılabilen, yeniden inşa edilebilen, hareketli, dikte edilmemiş, çok yönlü malzemelerdir. Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin okul bahçesinde esnek materyallere yer verme durumlarının incelenmesini amaçlayan bu araştırmada nitel araştırma türlerinden biri olan fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, MEB’e bağlı bağımsız bir anaokulunda ve MEB’e bağlı özel bir anaokulunda görev yapan amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş 12 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde öğretmenlere yönelik sorular içeren ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’ ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış ‘Öğretmen Görüşme Formu’, gözlem, okul bahçelerinin fotoğrafları ve katılımcı öğretmenlerin sınıf içi veya sınıf dışı etkinliklerinde esnek materyallerle uyguladıkları etkinlik fotoğrafları doküman analizi olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda her iki okul türünde de okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin sınıf dışı uygulamaları, açık hava etkinliklerini ve esnek materyalleri kullandıkları ve iki okul türünde de fiziksel koşulların, iklim koşullarının, güvenlik nedeniyle oluşabilecek risklerin, açık havada esnek materyalleri kullanım sıklığını etkilediği görülmüştür. Özel anaokulundaki çocukların doğal ve esnek materyal kullanımının, bağımsız anaokulundaki çocukların esnek materyal kullanımına kıyasla daha fazla olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

Okul Bahçesi, Esnek Materyaller, Okul Öncesi Öğretmenleri, Açık Hava

Examination of Preschool Teachers’ Use of Loose Part Materials in School Gardens During their Activities

Abstract

Loose parts are movable, non-dictated, can be combined, distributed, reconstructed, versatile materials, formed into various shapes that children can use them in various ways. The phenomenology design, which is one of the qualitative research types, was used in this study. This research aims to examine the preschool teachers' use of loose parts in their school garden. The sample of the study consists of 12 preschool teachers were chosen by the purposive sampling method. The participating teachers were working in an independent kindergarten affiliated to the Ministry of National Education and a private kindergarten affiliated with the Ministry of National Education. During the data collection process, the ‘Personal Information Form’ and the semi-structured interview used. The form and interview questions were designed by the researchers. In addition, the document analysis used from the photographs of the school gardens and photographs shared by the participating teachers from their previous activities. As a result of the research, it was seen that in both school types, the participating preschool teachers used out-of-class practices, outdoor activities and loose parts materials. In both school types, physical conditions, weather conditions, and risky factors may have an impact on outdoor activities. Also, the security issues have an impact on the frequency of use of loose parts materials outside. In conclusion, the use of natural and loose parts materials by the children in the private kindergarten is more than the use of loose parts materials by the children in the independent kindergarten.

Keywords

School Garden, Loose Parts Materials, Preschool Teachers, Outdoor

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