Individuals with Moderate and Severe Intellectual Disabilities and Their Access to Education

Abstract

The aim of this article is to describe the characteristics of individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities, to determine the needs of individuals based on these characteristics, to provide access to education and to make recommendations about what needs to be done in normalization process. Individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities need more support than individuals with mild intellectual disabilities. Supports should be provided to identify the training needs of these individuals during the delivery of relevant supports and to provide access to education for individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities. However, special education is an important subject of discussion as to how these requirements can be identified and provided with support for these needs and how the normalization process can be achieved through effective inclusion / integration practices. This study also provides medium and their access to education for individuals with severe intellectual disability level in Turkey and what can be done for ensuring the normalization process were discussed.

Keywords

• Individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities,normalization process,inclusion,special education

Orta ve Ağır Düzeyde Zihin Yetersizliği Olan Bireyler ve Eğitime Erişimleri

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı, orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireylerin özelliklerini betimlemek, bu özelliklere dayalı olarak bireylerin gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi ve eğitime erişimlerinin sağlanması amacıyla normalleştirme sürecinde yapılması gerekenlere ilişkin önerilerde bulunmaktır. Orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireyler, hafif düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireylere oranla daha fazla desteğe gereksinim duymaktadırlar. İlgili desteklerin sunulması sürecinde bu bireylerin eğitim gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi ve  orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireylerin eğitime erişimlerinin sağlanması için  desteklerin sunulması gerekmektedir.  Ancak bu gereksinimlerin belirlenmesi, söz konusu gereksinimlere yönelik desteklerin sunulması ve etkili kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme uygulamalarıyla normalleşme sürecinin nasıl sağlanabileceği özel eğitimin önemli tartışma konusudur. Bu çalışmada da Türkiye’de orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireylerin eğitime erişimlerini sağlamak ve normalleşme sürecinin sağlanmasına yönelik yapılabilecekler tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

• Orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireyler,normalleştirme süreci,kaynaştırma,özel eğitim

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