Individuals with Moderate and Severe Intellectual Disabilities and Their Access to Education

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 929 - 953, 01.07.2019

Salih Nar Atilla Cavkaytar

https://doi.org/10.18039/ajesi.578185

Öz

The aim of this
article is to describe the characteristics of individuals with moderate and
severe intellectual disabilities, to determine the needs of individuals based
on these characteristics, to provide access to education and to make
recommendations about what needs to be done in normalization process.
Individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities need more
support than individuals with mild intellectual disabilities. Supports should
be provided to identify the training needs of these individuals during the
delivery of relevant supports and to provide access to education for
individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities. However,
special education is an important subject of discussion as to how these
requirements can be identified and provided with support for these needs and
how the normalization process can be achieved through effective inclusion /
integration practices. This study also provides medium and their access to
education for individuals with severe intellectual disability level in Turkey
and what can be done for ensuring the normalization process were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Individuals with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities, normalization process, inclusion, special education

Orta ve Ağır Düzeyde Zihin Yetersizliği Olan Bireyler ve Eğitime Erişimleri

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı, orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin
yetersizliği olan bireylerin özelliklerini betimlemek, bu özelliklere dayalı
olarak bireylerin gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi ve eğitime erişimlerinin
sağlanması amacıyla normalleştirme sürecinde yapılması gerekenlere ilişkin
önerilerde bulunmaktır. Orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireyler,
hafif düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireylere oranla daha fazla desteğe
gereksinim duymaktadırlar. İlgili desteklerin sunulması sürecinde bu bireylerin
eğitim gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi ve 
orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireylerin eğitime
erişimlerinin sağlanması için 
desteklerin sunulması gerekmektedir. 
Ancak bu gereksinimlerin belirlenmesi, söz konusu gereksinimlere yönelik
desteklerin sunulması ve etkili kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme uygulamalarıyla
normalleşme sürecinin nasıl sağlanabileceği özel eğitimin önemli tartışma
konusudur. Bu çalışmada da Türkiye’de orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği
olan bireylerin eğitime erişimlerini sağlamak ve normalleşme sürecinin
sağlanmasına yönelik yapılabilecekler tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Orta ve ağır düzeyde zihin yetersizliği olan bireyler, normalleştirme süreci, kaynaştırma, özel eğitim

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