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Irrigation Solutions and Areas of Use in Endodontic Treatments

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 137 - 152, 31.07.2024

Abstract

Continuous infection and recontamination are a very important problem in root canal treatment. For this reason, to complete success. A key goal of root canal treatment is to remove microorganisms and tissue residues from infected root canals. Even though great progress has been made in the analysis of the root canal system, in light of contemporary research as opposed to past studies, indicates that the chemomechanical preparation process is unable to achieve complete cleaning and disinfection of the root canals due to their complex anatomical structure. Irrigation solutions are used in different varieties and for different purposes to dissolve the layer called smear and to reduce the bacterial population in infected root canals. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature informations and collective data about irrigation solutions used in endodontic treatments.

Ethical Statement

I hereby declare that this study is an original work; I have acted in accordance with the principles and rules of scientific ethics throughout all stages of its preparation, data collection, analysis, and presentation of information; I have cited all data and information not obtained within the scope of this study and have included these references in the bibliography; I have not made any alterations to the data used in this study; and I accept all terms and conditions of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), adhering to ethical duties and responsibilities

References

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  • Alghamdi, N., Das, B., Hugar, S. I., Sarangi, P., Garg, G., Subramani, S. K., & Alghamdi Jr, N. (2024). Comparing the Biofilm Removal Capacity of NaOCl, Povidone-Iodine, Chlorhexidine, Curcumin, and Triphala as Endodontic Irrigants. Cureus, 16(1).
  • Al-Haq, M. I., Sugiyama, J., & Isobe, S. (2005). Applications of electrolyzed water in agriculture & food industries. Food Science and Technology Research, 11(2), 135-150.
  • Asmah, N., Mattulada, I. K., & Dodo, A. Z. A. (2023). Antibacterial Assay of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis L) Against the Growth of Enterococcus faecalis. Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society, 8(2), 211-216.
  • Arslan, H., Barutcigil, C., Karatas, E., Topcuoglu, H. S., Yeter, K. Y., Ersoy, I., & Ayrancı, L. B. (2014). Effect of citric acid irrigation on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots. European journal of dentistry, 8(01), 074-078.
  • Awati, A. S., Dhaded, N. S., Mokal, S., & Doddwad, P. K. (2024). Analysis of the depth of penetration of an epoxy resin-based sealer following a final rinse of irrigants and use of activation systems: An in vitro study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, 27(1), 87-94.
  • Ballal, N. V., Kandian, S., Mala, K., Bhat, K. S., & Acharya, S. (2009). Comparison of the efficacy of maleic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in smear layer removal from instrumented human root canal: a scanning electron microscopic study. Journal of endodontics, 35(11), 1573-1576.
  • Barakat, R. M., Almohareb, R. A., Alsuwaidan, M., Faqehi, E., Alaidarous, E., & Algahtani, F. N. (2024). Effect of sodium hypochlorite temperature and concentration on the fracture resistance of root dentin. BMC Oral Health, 24(1), 1-6.
  • Berber, V. B., Gomes, B. P. F. A., Sena, N. T., Vianna, M. E., Ferraz, C. C. R., Zaia, A. A., & Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2006). Efficacy of various concentrations of NaOCl and instrumentation techniques in reducing Enterococcus faecalis within root canals and dentinal tubules. International endodontic journal, 39(1), 10-17.
  • Bernardi, A., & Teixeira, C. S. (2015). The properties of chlorhexidine and undesired effects of its use in endodontics. Quintessence international, 46(7).
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  • Boutsioukis, C., & Arias‐Moliz, M. T. (2022). Present status and future directions–irrigants and irrigation methods. International Endodontic Journal, 55, 588-612.
  • Bueso, V., Parikh, N., Terlier, T., Holland, J. N., Sarmast, N. D., & Jeong, J. W. (2022). Comparative evaluation of intermediate solutions in prevention of brown precipitate formed from sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 8(6), 1591-1597.
  • Canavar, T., İrem, E. R. E. N., & Bayram, M. (2020). Endodontide İrrigasyon Solüsyonu Olarak Kullanilan Bitkisel Alternatifler. Dental and Medical Journal-Review, 2(3), 156-173.
  • Cobankara, F. K., Ozkan, H. B., & Terlemez, A. (2010). Comparison of organic tissue dissolution capacities of sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. Journal of endodontics, 36(2), 272-274.
  • Dineshkumar, M. K., Vinothkumar, T. S., Arathi, G., Shanthisree, P., & Kandaswamy, D. (2012). Effect of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, MTAD™, and HEBP as a final rinse on the microhardness of root dentin. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD, 15(2), 170.
  • Drews, D. J., Nguyen, A. D., Diederich, A., & Gernhardt, C. R. (2023). The Interaction of Two Widely Used Endodontic Irrigants, Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite, and Its Impact on the Disinfection Protocol during Root Canal Treatment. Antibiotics, 12(3), 589.
  • Estrela, C., Estrela, C. R., Barbin, E. L., Spanó, J. C. E., Marchesan, M. A., & Pécora, J. D. (2002). Mechanism of action of sodium hypochlorite. Brazilian dental journal, 13, 113-117.
  • Farhad, A., Saatchi, M., & Bagherieh, S. (2022). Effect of citric acid versus EDTA on radiographic root development in regenerative endodontic treatment: An animal study. Journal of Endodontics, 48(4), 535-541.
  • Gambin, D. J., Leal, L. O., Farina, A. P., Souza, M. A., & Cecchin, D. (2020). Antimicrobial activity of glycolic acid as a final irrigant solution for root canal preparation. Gen Dent, 68(1), 41-4.
  • Giardino, L., Ambu, E., Becce, C., Rimondini, L., & Morra, M. (2006). Surface tension comparison of four common root canal irrigants and two new irrigants containing antibiotic. Journal of endodontics, 32(11), 1091-1093.
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  • Haznedaroğlu, F. (2003). Efficacy of various concentrations of citric acid at different pH values for smear layer removal. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 96(3), 340-344.
  • Hülsmann, M., Heckendorff, M., & Lennon, A. (2003). Chelating agents in root canal treatment: mode of action and indications for their use. International endodontic journal, 36(12), 810-830.
  • Ilhan, H., Cakici, E. B., & Cakici, F. (2024). The comparative of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle versus ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the smear layer removal: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro study. Microscopy Research and Technique, 87(2), 181-190.
  • Kartit, Z., Delacroix, C., Clement, C., Beurrier, M., Mouton‐Faivre, C., & Petitpain, N. (2024). Sodium hypochlorite accident diagnosis and management: Analysis from the literature and the French pharmacovigilance database. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology.
  • Kaushik, N., Rehani, U., Agarwal, A., Kaushik, M., & Adlakha, V. (2013). Antimicrobial efficacy of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli: an in vitro study. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 6(3), 178.
  • Kharouf, N., Haikel, Y., & Ball, V. (2020). Polyphenols in dental applications. Bioengineering, 7(3), 72.
  • Li, A. L. B., Markvart, M., & Abbott, P. V. (2022). Effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on the compressive strength of endodontically treated roots. Journal of Endodontics, 48(3), 370-374.
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  • Murray, P. E., Farber, R. M., Namerow, K. N., Kuttler, S., & Garcia-Godoy, F. (2008). Evaluation of Morinda citrifolia as an endodontic irrigant. Journal of endodontics, 34(1), 66-70.
  • Napte, B., & Srinidhi, S. (2015). Endodontic irrigants. Journal of Dental & Allied Sciences, 4(1).
  • Nagayoshi, M., Kitamura, C., Fukuizumi, T., Nishihara, T., & Terashita, M. (2004). Antimicrobial effect of ozonated water on bacteria invading dentinal tubules. Journal of endodontics, 30(11), 778-781.
  • Noor, N., Mujtaba, H., Humayoun, S., Umer, M. F., Javaid, M. M., & Rehman, A. (2022). Comparison of Endodontic Pain observed with Sodium Hypochloride, Hydrogen peroxide and Norman Saline based Root canal irrigants. Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, 18(1), 3-8.
  • Ochsner, M. (1997). Photophysical and photobiological processes in the photodynamic therapy of tumours. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 39(1), 1-18.
  • Orlowski, N. B., Schimdt, T. F., da Silveira Teixeira, C., Garcia, L. D. F. R., Savaris, J. M., Tay, F. R., & Bortoluzzi, E. A. (2020). Smear layer removal using passive ultrasonic irrigation and different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite. Journal of endodontics, 46(11), 1738-1744.
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  • Pappen, F. G., Shen, Y., Qian, W., Leonardo, M. R., Giardino, L., & Haapasalo, M. (2010). In vitro antibacterial action of Tetraclean, MTAD and five experimental irrigation solutions. International endodontic journal, 43(6), 528-535.
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Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 137 - 152, 31.07.2024

Abstract

References

  • Agrawal Vineet, S., Rajesh, M., Sonali, K., & Mukesh, P. (2014). A contemporary overview of endodontic irrigants–A review. J Dent App, 1(6), 105-15.
  • Alfawaz, H., Alqedairi, A., Alhamdan, M., Alkhzim, N., Alfarraj, S., & Jamleh, A. (2022). Effect of NaOCl and EDTA irrigating solutions on the cyclic fatigue resistance of EdgeTaper Platinum instruments. BMC Oral Health, 22(1), 1-6.
  • Alghamdi, N., Das, B., Hugar, S. I., Sarangi, P., Garg, G., Subramani, S. K., & Alghamdi Jr, N. (2024). Comparing the Biofilm Removal Capacity of NaOCl, Povidone-Iodine, Chlorhexidine, Curcumin, and Triphala as Endodontic Irrigants. Cureus, 16(1).
  • Al-Haq, M. I., Sugiyama, J., & Isobe, S. (2005). Applications of electrolyzed water in agriculture & food industries. Food Science and Technology Research, 11(2), 135-150.
  • Asmah, N., Mattulada, I. K., & Dodo, A. Z. A. (2023). Antibacterial Assay of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis L) Against the Growth of Enterococcus faecalis. Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society, 8(2), 211-216.
  • Arslan, H., Barutcigil, C., Karatas, E., Topcuoglu, H. S., Yeter, K. Y., Ersoy, I., & Ayrancı, L. B. (2014). Effect of citric acid irrigation on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots. European journal of dentistry, 8(01), 074-078.
  • Awati, A. S., Dhaded, N. S., Mokal, S., & Doddwad, P. K. (2024). Analysis of the depth of penetration of an epoxy resin-based sealer following a final rinse of irrigants and use of activation systems: An in vitro study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, 27(1), 87-94.
  • Ballal, N. V., Kandian, S., Mala, K., Bhat, K. S., & Acharya, S. (2009). Comparison of the efficacy of maleic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in smear layer removal from instrumented human root canal: a scanning electron microscopic study. Journal of endodontics, 35(11), 1573-1576.
  • Barakat, R. M., Almohareb, R. A., Alsuwaidan, M., Faqehi, E., Alaidarous, E., & Algahtani, F. N. (2024). Effect of sodium hypochlorite temperature and concentration on the fracture resistance of root dentin. BMC Oral Health, 24(1), 1-6.
  • Berber, V. B., Gomes, B. P. F. A., Sena, N. T., Vianna, M. E., Ferraz, C. C. R., Zaia, A. A., & Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2006). Efficacy of various concentrations of NaOCl and instrumentation techniques in reducing Enterococcus faecalis within root canals and dentinal tubules. International endodontic journal, 39(1), 10-17.
  • Bernardi, A., & Teixeira, C. S. (2015). The properties of chlorhexidine and undesired effects of its use in endodontics. Quintessence international, 46(7).
  • Broadwater, W. T., Hoehn, R. C., & King, P. H. (1973). Sensitivity of three selected bacterial species to ozone. Applied Microbiology, 26(3), 391-393.
  • Boutsioukis, C., & Arias‐Moliz, M. T. (2022). Present status and future directions–irrigants and irrigation methods. International Endodontic Journal, 55, 588-612.
  • Bueso, V., Parikh, N., Terlier, T., Holland, J. N., Sarmast, N. D., & Jeong, J. W. (2022). Comparative evaluation of intermediate solutions in prevention of brown precipitate formed from sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 8(6), 1591-1597.
  • Canavar, T., İrem, E. R. E. N., & Bayram, M. (2020). Endodontide İrrigasyon Solüsyonu Olarak Kullanilan Bitkisel Alternatifler. Dental and Medical Journal-Review, 2(3), 156-173.
  • Cobankara, F. K., Ozkan, H. B., & Terlemez, A. (2010). Comparison of organic tissue dissolution capacities of sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. Journal of endodontics, 36(2), 272-274.
  • Dineshkumar, M. K., Vinothkumar, T. S., Arathi, G., Shanthisree, P., & Kandaswamy, D. (2012). Effect of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, MTAD™, and HEBP as a final rinse on the microhardness of root dentin. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD, 15(2), 170.
  • Drews, D. J., Nguyen, A. D., Diederich, A., & Gernhardt, C. R. (2023). The Interaction of Two Widely Used Endodontic Irrigants, Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite, and Its Impact on the Disinfection Protocol during Root Canal Treatment. Antibiotics, 12(3), 589.
  • Estrela, C., Estrela, C. R., Barbin, E. L., Spanó, J. C. E., Marchesan, M. A., & Pécora, J. D. (2002). Mechanism of action of sodium hypochlorite. Brazilian dental journal, 13, 113-117.
  • Farhad, A., Saatchi, M., & Bagherieh, S. (2022). Effect of citric acid versus EDTA on radiographic root development in regenerative endodontic treatment: An animal study. Journal of Endodontics, 48(4), 535-541.
  • Gambin, D. J., Leal, L. O., Farina, A. P., Souza, M. A., & Cecchin, D. (2020). Antimicrobial activity of glycolic acid as a final irrigant solution for root canal preparation. Gen Dent, 68(1), 41-4.
  • Giardino, L., Ambu, E., Becce, C., Rimondini, L., & Morra, M. (2006). Surface tension comparison of four common root canal irrigants and two new irrigants containing antibiotic. Journal of endodontics, 32(11), 1091-1093.
  • Girotti, A. W. (1990). Photodynamic lipid peroxidation in biological systems. Photochemistry and photobiology, 51(4), 497-509.
  • Gomes, B. P. F. A., Souza, S. F. C., Ferraz, C. C. R., Teixeira, F. B., Zaia, A. A., Valdrighi, L., & Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2003). Effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis in bovine root dentine in vitro. International endodontic journal, 36(4).
  • Haapasalo, M., Shen, Y., Qian, W., & Gao, Y. (2010). Irrigation in endodontics. Dental Clinics, 54(2), 291-312.
  • Haznedaroğlu, F. (2003). Efficacy of various concentrations of citric acid at different pH values for smear layer removal. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 96(3), 340-344.
  • Hülsmann, M., Heckendorff, M., & Lennon, A. (2003). Chelating agents in root canal treatment: mode of action and indications for their use. International endodontic journal, 36(12), 810-830.
  • Ilhan, H., Cakici, E. B., & Cakici, F. (2024). The comparative of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle versus ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the smear layer removal: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro study. Microscopy Research and Technique, 87(2), 181-190.
  • Kartit, Z., Delacroix, C., Clement, C., Beurrier, M., Mouton‐Faivre, C., & Petitpain, N. (2024). Sodium hypochlorite accident diagnosis and management: Analysis from the literature and the French pharmacovigilance database. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology.
  • Kaushik, N., Rehani, U., Agarwal, A., Kaushik, M., & Adlakha, V. (2013). Antimicrobial efficacy of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli: an in vitro study. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 6(3), 178.
  • Kharouf, N., Haikel, Y., & Ball, V. (2020). Polyphenols in dental applications. Bioengineering, 7(3), 72.
  • Li, A. L. B., Markvart, M., & Abbott, P. V. (2022). Effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on the compressive strength of endodontically treated roots. Journal of Endodontics, 48(3), 370-374.
  • Loel, D. A. (1975). Use of acid cleanser in endodontic therapy. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 90(1), 148-151.
  • Mollashahi, N. F., Saberi, E., & Karkehabadi, H. (2016). Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of various endodontic irrigation solutions on the survival of stem cell of human apical papilla. Iranian endodontic journal, 11(4), 293.
  • Murray, P. E., Farber, R. M., Namerow, K. N., Kuttler, S., & Garcia-Godoy, F. (2008). Evaluation of Morinda citrifolia as an endodontic irrigant. Journal of endodontics, 34(1), 66-70.
  • Napte, B., & Srinidhi, S. (2015). Endodontic irrigants. Journal of Dental & Allied Sciences, 4(1).
  • Nagayoshi, M., Kitamura, C., Fukuizumi, T., Nishihara, T., & Terashita, M. (2004). Antimicrobial effect of ozonated water on bacteria invading dentinal tubules. Journal of endodontics, 30(11), 778-781.
  • Noor, N., Mujtaba, H., Humayoun, S., Umer, M. F., Javaid, M. M., & Rehman, A. (2022). Comparison of Endodontic Pain observed with Sodium Hypochloride, Hydrogen peroxide and Norman Saline based Root canal irrigants. Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, 18(1), 3-8.
  • Ochsner, M. (1997). Photophysical and photobiological processes in the photodynamic therapy of tumours. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 39(1), 1-18.
  • Orlowski, N. B., Schimdt, T. F., da Silveira Teixeira, C., Garcia, L. D. F. R., Savaris, J. M., Tay, F. R., & Bortoluzzi, E. A. (2020). Smear layer removal using passive ultrasonic irrigation and different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite. Journal of endodontics, 46(11), 1738-1744.
  • Önay, E. O., Ezgi, K. U. R. T., Kızılırmak, İ., Nuyan, D., Güran, Ç., & Erdoğa , T. (2013). Kök Kanal İrrigasyonunda Geleneksel ve Güncel Yaklaşımlar. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), 1459-1468.
  • Palazzi, F., Morra, M., Mohammadi, Z., Grandini, S., & Giardino, L. (2012). Comparison of the surface tension of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution with three new sodium hypochlorite‐based endodontic irrigants. International endodontic journal, 45(2), 129-135.
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There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Review
Authors

Mehmet Kutluhan Uçuk 0000-0001-6719-9286

Publication Date July 31, 2024
Submission Date March 29, 2024
Acceptance Date July 4, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Uçuk, M. K. (2024). Irrigation Solutions and Areas of Use in Endodontic Treatments. Aurum Journal of Health Sciences, 6(2), 137-152.