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Irrigation Solutions and Areas of Use in Endodontic Treatments

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 137 - 152, 31.07.2024

Öz

Continuous infection and recontamination are a very important problem in root canal treatment. For this reason, to complete success. A key goal of root canal treatment is to remove microorganisms and tissue residues from infected root canals. Even though great progress has been made in the analysis of the root canal system, in light of contemporary research as opposed to past studies, indicates that the chemomechanical preparation process is unable to achieve complete cleaning and disinfection of the root canals due to their complex anatomical structure. Irrigation solutions are used in different varieties and for different purposes to dissolve the layer called smear and to reduce the bacterial population in infected root canals. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature informations and collective data about irrigation solutions used in endodontic treatments.

Etik Beyan

I hereby declare that this study is an original work; I have acted in accordance with the principles and rules of scientific ethics throughout all stages of its preparation, data collection, analysis, and presentation of information; I have cited all data and information not obtained within the scope of this study and have included these references in the bibliography; I have not made any alterations to the data used in this study; and I accept all terms and conditions of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), adhering to ethical duties and responsibilities

Kaynakça

  • Agrawal Vineet, S., Rajesh, M., Sonali, K., & Mukesh, P. (2014). A contemporary overview of endodontic irrigants–A review. J Dent App, 1(6), 105-15.
  • Alfawaz, H., Alqedairi, A., Alhamdan, M., Alkhzim, N., Alfarraj, S., & Jamleh, A. (2022). Effect of NaOCl and EDTA irrigating solutions on the cyclic fatigue resistance of EdgeTaper Platinum instruments. BMC Oral Health, 22(1), 1-6.
  • Alghamdi, N., Das, B., Hugar, S. I., Sarangi, P., Garg, G., Subramani, S. K., & Alghamdi Jr, N. (2024). Comparing the Biofilm Removal Capacity of NaOCl, Povidone-Iodine, Chlorhexidine, Curcumin, and Triphala as Endodontic Irrigants. Cureus, 16(1).
  • Al-Haq, M. I., Sugiyama, J., & Isobe, S. (2005). Applications of electrolyzed water in agriculture & food industries. Food Science and Technology Research, 11(2), 135-150.
  • Asmah, N., Mattulada, I. K., & Dodo, A. Z. A. (2023). Antibacterial Assay of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis L) Against the Growth of Enterococcus faecalis. Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society, 8(2), 211-216.
  • Arslan, H., Barutcigil, C., Karatas, E., Topcuoglu, H. S., Yeter, K. Y., Ersoy, I., & Ayrancı, L. B. (2014). Effect of citric acid irrigation on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots. European journal of dentistry, 8(01), 074-078.
  • Awati, A. S., Dhaded, N. S., Mokal, S., & Doddwad, P. K. (2024). Analysis of the depth of penetration of an epoxy resin-based sealer following a final rinse of irrigants and use of activation systems: An in vitro study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, 27(1), 87-94.
  • Ballal, N. V., Kandian, S., Mala, K., Bhat, K. S., & Acharya, S. (2009). Comparison of the efficacy of maleic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in smear layer removal from instrumented human root canal: a scanning electron microscopic study. Journal of endodontics, 35(11), 1573-1576.
  • Barakat, R. M., Almohareb, R. A., Alsuwaidan, M., Faqehi, E., Alaidarous, E., & Algahtani, F. N. (2024). Effect of sodium hypochlorite temperature and concentration on the fracture resistance of root dentin. BMC Oral Health, 24(1), 1-6.
  • Berber, V. B., Gomes, B. P. F. A., Sena, N. T., Vianna, M. E., Ferraz, C. C. R., Zaia, A. A., & Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2006). Efficacy of various concentrations of NaOCl and instrumentation techniques in reducing Enterococcus faecalis within root canals and dentinal tubules. International endodontic journal, 39(1), 10-17.
  • Bernardi, A., & Teixeira, C. S. (2015). The properties of chlorhexidine and undesired effects of its use in endodontics. Quintessence international, 46(7).
  • Broadwater, W. T., Hoehn, R. C., & King, P. H. (1973). Sensitivity of three selected bacterial species to ozone. Applied Microbiology, 26(3), 391-393.
  • Boutsioukis, C., & Arias‐Moliz, M. T. (2022). Present status and future directions–irrigants and irrigation methods. International Endodontic Journal, 55, 588-612.
  • Bueso, V., Parikh, N., Terlier, T., Holland, J. N., Sarmast, N. D., & Jeong, J. W. (2022). Comparative evaluation of intermediate solutions in prevention of brown precipitate formed from sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 8(6), 1591-1597.
  • Canavar, T., İrem, E. R. E. N., & Bayram, M. (2020). Endodontide İrrigasyon Solüsyonu Olarak Kullanilan Bitkisel Alternatifler. Dental and Medical Journal-Review, 2(3), 156-173.
  • Cobankara, F. K., Ozkan, H. B., & Terlemez, A. (2010). Comparison of organic tissue dissolution capacities of sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. Journal of endodontics, 36(2), 272-274.
  • Dineshkumar, M. K., Vinothkumar, T. S., Arathi, G., Shanthisree, P., & Kandaswamy, D. (2012). Effect of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, MTAD™, and HEBP as a final rinse on the microhardness of root dentin. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD, 15(2), 170.
  • Drews, D. J., Nguyen, A. D., Diederich, A., & Gernhardt, C. R. (2023). The Interaction of Two Widely Used Endodontic Irrigants, Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite, and Its Impact on the Disinfection Protocol during Root Canal Treatment. Antibiotics, 12(3), 589.
  • Estrela, C., Estrela, C. R., Barbin, E. L., Spanó, J. C. E., Marchesan, M. A., & Pécora, J. D. (2002). Mechanism of action of sodium hypochlorite. Brazilian dental journal, 13, 113-117.
  • Farhad, A., Saatchi, M., & Bagherieh, S. (2022). Effect of citric acid versus EDTA on radiographic root development in regenerative endodontic treatment: An animal study. Journal of Endodontics, 48(4), 535-541.
  • Gambin, D. J., Leal, L. O., Farina, A. P., Souza, M. A., & Cecchin, D. (2020). Antimicrobial activity of glycolic acid as a final irrigant solution for root canal preparation. Gen Dent, 68(1), 41-4.
  • Giardino, L., Ambu, E., Becce, C., Rimondini, L., & Morra, M. (2006). Surface tension comparison of four common root canal irrigants and two new irrigants containing antibiotic. Journal of endodontics, 32(11), 1091-1093.
  • Girotti, A. W. (1990). Photodynamic lipid peroxidation in biological systems. Photochemistry and photobiology, 51(4), 497-509.
  • Gomes, B. P. F. A., Souza, S. F. C., Ferraz, C. C. R., Teixeira, F. B., Zaia, A. A., Valdrighi, L., & Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2003). Effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis in bovine root dentine in vitro. International endodontic journal, 36(4).
  • Haapasalo, M., Shen, Y., Qian, W., & Gao, Y. (2010). Irrigation in endodontics. Dental Clinics, 54(2), 291-312.
  • Haznedaroğlu, F. (2003). Efficacy of various concentrations of citric acid at different pH values for smear layer removal. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 96(3), 340-344.
  • Hülsmann, M., Heckendorff, M., & Lennon, A. (2003). Chelating agents in root canal treatment: mode of action and indications for their use. International endodontic journal, 36(12), 810-830.
  • Ilhan, H., Cakici, E. B., & Cakici, F. (2024). The comparative of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle versus ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the smear layer removal: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro study. Microscopy Research and Technique, 87(2), 181-190.
  • Kartit, Z., Delacroix, C., Clement, C., Beurrier, M., Mouton‐Faivre, C., & Petitpain, N. (2024). Sodium hypochlorite accident diagnosis and management: Analysis from the literature and the French pharmacovigilance database. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology.
  • Kaushik, N., Rehani, U., Agarwal, A., Kaushik, M., & Adlakha, V. (2013). Antimicrobial efficacy of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli: an in vitro study. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 6(3), 178.
  • Kharouf, N., Haikel, Y., & Ball, V. (2020). Polyphenols in dental applications. Bioengineering, 7(3), 72.
  • Li, A. L. B., Markvart, M., & Abbott, P. V. (2022). Effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on the compressive strength of endodontically treated roots. Journal of Endodontics, 48(3), 370-374.
  • Loel, D. A. (1975). Use of acid cleanser in endodontic therapy. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 90(1), 148-151.
  • Mollashahi, N. F., Saberi, E., & Karkehabadi, H. (2016). Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of various endodontic irrigation solutions on the survival of stem cell of human apical papilla. Iranian endodontic journal, 11(4), 293.
  • Murray, P. E., Farber, R. M., Namerow, K. N., Kuttler, S., & Garcia-Godoy, F. (2008). Evaluation of Morinda citrifolia as an endodontic irrigant. Journal of endodontics, 34(1), 66-70.
  • Napte, B., & Srinidhi, S. (2015). Endodontic irrigants. Journal of Dental & Allied Sciences, 4(1).
  • Nagayoshi, M., Kitamura, C., Fukuizumi, T., Nishihara, T., & Terashita, M. (2004). Antimicrobial effect of ozonated water on bacteria invading dentinal tubules. Journal of endodontics, 30(11), 778-781.
  • Noor, N., Mujtaba, H., Humayoun, S., Umer, M. F., Javaid, M. M., & Rehman, A. (2022). Comparison of Endodontic Pain observed with Sodium Hypochloride, Hydrogen peroxide and Norman Saline based Root canal irrigants. Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, 18(1), 3-8.
  • Ochsner, M. (1997). Photophysical and photobiological processes in the photodynamic therapy of tumours. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 39(1), 1-18.
  • Orlowski, N. B., Schimdt, T. F., da Silveira Teixeira, C., Garcia, L. D. F. R., Savaris, J. M., Tay, F. R., & Bortoluzzi, E. A. (2020). Smear layer removal using passive ultrasonic irrigation and different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite. Journal of endodontics, 46(11), 1738-1744.
  • Önay, E. O., Ezgi, K. U. R. T., Kızılırmak, İ., Nuyan, D., Güran, Ç., & Erdoğa , T. (2013). Kök Kanal İrrigasyonunda Geleneksel ve Güncel Yaklaşımlar. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), 1459-1468.
  • Palazzi, F., Morra, M., Mohammadi, Z., Grandini, S., & Giardino, L. (2012). Comparison of the surface tension of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution with three new sodium hypochlorite‐based endodontic irrigants. International endodontic journal, 45(2), 129-135.
  • Pappen, F. G., Shen, Y., Qian, W., Leonardo, M. R., Giardino, L., & Haapasalo, M. (2010). In vitro antibacterial action of Tetraclean, MTAD and five experimental irrigation solutions. International endodontic journal, 43(6), 528-535.
  • Popescu, I. G., Popescu, M., Man, D., Ciolacu, S., Georgescu, M., Ciurea, T., ... & Ulmeanu, V. (1984). Drug allergy: incidence in terms of age and some drug allergens. Medecine interne, 22(3), 195-202.
  • Prabhakar, J., Senthilkumar, M., Priya, M. S., Mahalakshmi, K., Sehgal, P. K., & Sukumaran, V. G. (2010). Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of herbal alternatives (Triphala and green tea polyphenols), MTAD, and 5% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formed on tooth substrate: an in vitro study. Journal of endodontics, 36(1), 83-86.
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Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 137 - 152, 31.07.2024

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Agrawal Vineet, S., Rajesh, M., Sonali, K., & Mukesh, P. (2014). A contemporary overview of endodontic irrigants–A review. J Dent App, 1(6), 105-15.
  • Alfawaz, H., Alqedairi, A., Alhamdan, M., Alkhzim, N., Alfarraj, S., & Jamleh, A. (2022). Effect of NaOCl and EDTA irrigating solutions on the cyclic fatigue resistance of EdgeTaper Platinum instruments. BMC Oral Health, 22(1), 1-6.
  • Alghamdi, N., Das, B., Hugar, S. I., Sarangi, P., Garg, G., Subramani, S. K., & Alghamdi Jr, N. (2024). Comparing the Biofilm Removal Capacity of NaOCl, Povidone-Iodine, Chlorhexidine, Curcumin, and Triphala as Endodontic Irrigants. Cureus, 16(1).
  • Al-Haq, M. I., Sugiyama, J., & Isobe, S. (2005). Applications of electrolyzed water in agriculture & food industries. Food Science and Technology Research, 11(2), 135-150.
  • Asmah, N., Mattulada, I. K., & Dodo, A. Z. A. (2023). Antibacterial Assay of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis L) Against the Growth of Enterococcus faecalis. Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society, 8(2), 211-216.
  • Arslan, H., Barutcigil, C., Karatas, E., Topcuoglu, H. S., Yeter, K. Y., Ersoy, I., & Ayrancı, L. B. (2014). Effect of citric acid irrigation on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots. European journal of dentistry, 8(01), 074-078.
  • Awati, A. S., Dhaded, N. S., Mokal, S., & Doddwad, P. K. (2024). Analysis of the depth of penetration of an epoxy resin-based sealer following a final rinse of irrigants and use of activation systems: An in vitro study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, 27(1), 87-94.
  • Ballal, N. V., Kandian, S., Mala, K., Bhat, K. S., & Acharya, S. (2009). Comparison of the efficacy of maleic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in smear layer removal from instrumented human root canal: a scanning electron microscopic study. Journal of endodontics, 35(11), 1573-1576.
  • Barakat, R. M., Almohareb, R. A., Alsuwaidan, M., Faqehi, E., Alaidarous, E., & Algahtani, F. N. (2024). Effect of sodium hypochlorite temperature and concentration on the fracture resistance of root dentin. BMC Oral Health, 24(1), 1-6.
  • Berber, V. B., Gomes, B. P. F. A., Sena, N. T., Vianna, M. E., Ferraz, C. C. R., Zaia, A. A., & Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2006). Efficacy of various concentrations of NaOCl and instrumentation techniques in reducing Enterococcus faecalis within root canals and dentinal tubules. International endodontic journal, 39(1), 10-17.
  • Bernardi, A., & Teixeira, C. S. (2015). The properties of chlorhexidine and undesired effects of its use in endodontics. Quintessence international, 46(7).
  • Broadwater, W. T., Hoehn, R. C., & King, P. H. (1973). Sensitivity of three selected bacterial species to ozone. Applied Microbiology, 26(3), 391-393.
  • Boutsioukis, C., & Arias‐Moliz, M. T. (2022). Present status and future directions–irrigants and irrigation methods. International Endodontic Journal, 55, 588-612.
  • Bueso, V., Parikh, N., Terlier, T., Holland, J. N., Sarmast, N. D., & Jeong, J. W. (2022). Comparative evaluation of intermediate solutions in prevention of brown precipitate formed from sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 8(6), 1591-1597.
  • Canavar, T., İrem, E. R. E. N., & Bayram, M. (2020). Endodontide İrrigasyon Solüsyonu Olarak Kullanilan Bitkisel Alternatifler. Dental and Medical Journal-Review, 2(3), 156-173.
  • Cobankara, F. K., Ozkan, H. B., & Terlemez, A. (2010). Comparison of organic tissue dissolution capacities of sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. Journal of endodontics, 36(2), 272-274.
  • Dineshkumar, M. K., Vinothkumar, T. S., Arathi, G., Shanthisree, P., & Kandaswamy, D. (2012). Effect of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, MTAD™, and HEBP as a final rinse on the microhardness of root dentin. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD, 15(2), 170.
  • Drews, D. J., Nguyen, A. D., Diederich, A., & Gernhardt, C. R. (2023). The Interaction of Two Widely Used Endodontic Irrigants, Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite, and Its Impact on the Disinfection Protocol during Root Canal Treatment. Antibiotics, 12(3), 589.
  • Estrela, C., Estrela, C. R., Barbin, E. L., Spanó, J. C. E., Marchesan, M. A., & Pécora, J. D. (2002). Mechanism of action of sodium hypochlorite. Brazilian dental journal, 13, 113-117.
  • Farhad, A., Saatchi, M., & Bagherieh, S. (2022). Effect of citric acid versus EDTA on radiographic root development in regenerative endodontic treatment: An animal study. Journal of Endodontics, 48(4), 535-541.
  • Gambin, D. J., Leal, L. O., Farina, A. P., Souza, M. A., & Cecchin, D. (2020). Antimicrobial activity of glycolic acid as a final irrigant solution for root canal preparation. Gen Dent, 68(1), 41-4.
  • Giardino, L., Ambu, E., Becce, C., Rimondini, L., & Morra, M. (2006). Surface tension comparison of four common root canal irrigants and two new irrigants containing antibiotic. Journal of endodontics, 32(11), 1091-1093.
  • Girotti, A. W. (1990). Photodynamic lipid peroxidation in biological systems. Photochemistry and photobiology, 51(4), 497-509.
  • Gomes, B. P. F. A., Souza, S. F. C., Ferraz, C. C. R., Teixeira, F. B., Zaia, A. A., Valdrighi, L., & Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2003). Effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis in bovine root dentine in vitro. International endodontic journal, 36(4).
  • Haapasalo, M., Shen, Y., Qian, W., & Gao, Y. (2010). Irrigation in endodontics. Dental Clinics, 54(2), 291-312.
  • Haznedaroğlu, F. (2003). Efficacy of various concentrations of citric acid at different pH values for smear layer removal. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 96(3), 340-344.
  • Hülsmann, M., Heckendorff, M., & Lennon, A. (2003). Chelating agents in root canal treatment: mode of action and indications for their use. International endodontic journal, 36(12), 810-830.
  • Ilhan, H., Cakici, E. B., & Cakici, F. (2024). The comparative of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle versus ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the smear layer removal: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro study. Microscopy Research and Technique, 87(2), 181-190.
  • Kartit, Z., Delacroix, C., Clement, C., Beurrier, M., Mouton‐Faivre, C., & Petitpain, N. (2024). Sodium hypochlorite accident diagnosis and management: Analysis from the literature and the French pharmacovigilance database. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology.
  • Kaushik, N., Rehani, U., Agarwal, A., Kaushik, M., & Adlakha, V. (2013). Antimicrobial efficacy of endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli: an in vitro study. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 6(3), 178.
  • Kharouf, N., Haikel, Y., & Ball, V. (2020). Polyphenols in dental applications. Bioengineering, 7(3), 72.
  • Li, A. L. B., Markvart, M., & Abbott, P. V. (2022). Effect of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on the compressive strength of endodontically treated roots. Journal of Endodontics, 48(3), 370-374.
  • Loel, D. A. (1975). Use of acid cleanser in endodontic therapy. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 90(1), 148-151.
  • Mollashahi, N. F., Saberi, E., & Karkehabadi, H. (2016). Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of various endodontic irrigation solutions on the survival of stem cell of human apical papilla. Iranian endodontic journal, 11(4), 293.
  • Murray, P. E., Farber, R. M., Namerow, K. N., Kuttler, S., & Garcia-Godoy, F. (2008). Evaluation of Morinda citrifolia as an endodontic irrigant. Journal of endodontics, 34(1), 66-70.
  • Napte, B., & Srinidhi, S. (2015). Endodontic irrigants. Journal of Dental & Allied Sciences, 4(1).
  • Nagayoshi, M., Kitamura, C., Fukuizumi, T., Nishihara, T., & Terashita, M. (2004). Antimicrobial effect of ozonated water on bacteria invading dentinal tubules. Journal of endodontics, 30(11), 778-781.
  • Noor, N., Mujtaba, H., Humayoun, S., Umer, M. F., Javaid, M. M., & Rehman, A. (2022). Comparison of Endodontic Pain observed with Sodium Hypochloride, Hydrogen peroxide and Norman Saline based Root canal irrigants. Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, 18(1), 3-8.
  • Ochsner, M. (1997). Photophysical and photobiological processes in the photodynamic therapy of tumours. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 39(1), 1-18.
  • Orlowski, N. B., Schimdt, T. F., da Silveira Teixeira, C., Garcia, L. D. F. R., Savaris, J. M., Tay, F. R., & Bortoluzzi, E. A. (2020). Smear layer removal using passive ultrasonic irrigation and different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite. Journal of endodontics, 46(11), 1738-1744.
  • Önay, E. O., Ezgi, K. U. R. T., Kızılırmak, İ., Nuyan, D., Güran, Ç., & Erdoğa , T. (2013). Kök Kanal İrrigasyonunda Geleneksel ve Güncel Yaklaşımlar. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), 1459-1468.
  • Palazzi, F., Morra, M., Mohammadi, Z., Grandini, S., & Giardino, L. (2012). Comparison of the surface tension of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution with three new sodium hypochlorite‐based endodontic irrigants. International endodontic journal, 45(2), 129-135.
  • Pappen, F. G., Shen, Y., Qian, W., Leonardo, M. R., Giardino, L., & Haapasalo, M. (2010). In vitro antibacterial action of Tetraclean, MTAD and five experimental irrigation solutions. International endodontic journal, 43(6), 528-535.
  • Popescu, I. G., Popescu, M., Man, D., Ciolacu, S., Georgescu, M., Ciurea, T., ... & Ulmeanu, V. (1984). Drug allergy: incidence in terms of age and some drug allergens. Medecine interne, 22(3), 195-202.
  • Prabhakar, J., Senthilkumar, M., Priya, M. S., Mahalakshmi, K., Sehgal, P. K., & Sukumaran, V. G. (2010). Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of herbal alternatives (Triphala and green tea polyphenols), MTAD, and 5% sodium hypochlorite against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formed on tooth substrate: an in vitro study. Journal of endodontics, 36(1), 83-86.
  • Rathi, S., Nikhade, P., Chandak, M., Ikhar, A., Motwani, N., Deshpande, M., & Chandak, M. (2021). Heat treatment of Sodium Hypochlorite: A Comprehensive Review. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 15(2).
  • Shahriari, S., Mohammadi, Z., Mokhtari, M. M., & Yousefi, R. (2010). Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the antibacterial substantivity of chlorhexidine. International journal of dentistry, 2010.
  • Schlafer, S., Vaeth, M., Hørsted-Bindslev, P., & Frandsen, E. V. (2010). Endodontic photoactivated disinfection using a conventional light source: an in vitro and ex vivo study. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 109(4), 634-641.
  • Sin, J. H. M., Walsh, L. J., Figueredo, C. M., & George, R. (2021). Evaluation of effectiveness of photosensitizers used in laser endodontics disinfection: A systematic review. Translational Biophotonics, 3(1), e202000007.
  • Siqueira Jr, J. F., Rôças, I. N., Favieri, A., & Lima, K. C. (2000). Chemomechanical reduction of the bacterial population in the root canal after instrumentation and irrigation with 1%, 2.5%, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. Journal of endodontics, 26(6), 331-334.
  • Scott II, M. B., Zilinski, G. S., Kirkpatrick, T. C., Himel, V. T., Sabey, K. A., & Lallier, T. E. (2018). The effects of irrigants on the survival of human stem cells of the apical papilla, including endocyn. Journal of Endodontics, 44(2), 263-268.
  • Solovyeva, A. M., & Dummer, P. M. H. (2000). Cleaning effectiveness of root canal irrigation with electrochemically activated anolyte and catholyte solutions: a pilot study. International Endodontic Journal, 33(6), 494-504.
  • Stojicic, S., Shen, Y., Qian, W., Johnson, B., & Haapasalo, M. (2012). Antibacterial and smear layer removal ability of a novel irrigant, QMIX. International endodontic journal, 45(4), 363-371. Sundqvist, G., Figdor, D., Persson, S., & Sjögren, U. (1998).
  • Microbiologic analysis of teeth with failed endodontic treatment and the outcome of conservative re-treatment. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 85(1), 86-93.
  • Topbas, C., & Adiguzel, O. (2017). Endodontic irrigation solutions: A review: Endodontic irrigation solutions. International Dental Research, 7(3), 54-61.
  • Torabinejad, M., Khademi, A. A., Babagoli, J., Cho, Y., Johnson, W. B., Bozhilov, K., ... & Shabahang, S. (2003). A new solution for the removal of the smear layer. Journal of endodontics, 29(3), 170-175.
  • Trope, M., & Bergenholtz, G. (2002). Microbiological basis for endodontic treatment: can a maximal outcome be achieved in one visit?. Endodontic Topics, 1(1), 40-53.
  • Ueno, C. M., Mullens, C. L., Luh, J. H., & Wooden, W. A. (2018). Historical review of Dakin's solution applications. Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, 71(9), e49-e55.
  • Ucuk, M. K., & Ucuncu, M. K. (2024). The impact of incorporating five different boron materials into a dental composite on its mechanical properties. Applied Sciences, 14(3), 1054.
  • UCUK, M. K. (2023). Assesment of endodontic treatment administering dentists' views on their professional experience, complications and malpractise: a survey study (Doctoral dissertation).
  • von der Fehr, F. R., & Östby, B. N. (1963). Effect of EDTAC and sulfuric acid on root canal dentine. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, 16(2), 199-205.
  • Whitten, B. H., Gardiner, D. L., Jeansonne, B. G., & Lemon, R. R. (1996). Current trends in endodontic treatment: report of a national survey. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 127(9), 1333-1341.
  • Williams, J. A., Pearson, G. J., & Colles, M. J. (2006). Antibacterial action of photoactivated disinfection {PAD} used on endodontic bacteria in planktonic suspension and in artificial and human root canals. Journal of dentistry, 34(6), 363-371.
  • Zehnder, M. (2006). Root canal irrigants. Journal of endodontics, 32(5), 389-398.
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Review
Yazarlar

Mehmet Kutluhan Uçuk 0000-0001-6719-9286

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 4 Temmuz 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Uçuk, M. K. (2024). Irrigation Solutions and Areas of Use in Endodontic Treatments. Aurum Journal of Health Sciences, 6(2), 137-152.