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Some Physical, Chemical and Microbiological Properties of Çalma Pekmez Produced in Tokat Region, Turkey

Year 2013, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 46 - 52, 01.03.2013

Abstract

In this study, some physical, chemical and microbiological properties of Çalma pekmez n=45 produced in Tokat and its vicinity were determined. The ranges for pH, water activity, soluble solids brix , Hunter L, a and b values were 4.65.77, 0.550-0.710, 63-93%, 31.38-54.2, 8.08-19.31, and 23.59-42.01, respectively. The logarithmic counts of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and osmophilic yeasts were in the ranges of

References

  • Anonim, 1989. TS 3792 Üzüm Pekmezi Standardı. TSE Ankara.
  • Anonim, 2007. Türk Gıda Kodeksi Üzüm Pekmezi Tebliği, Tebliğ No 2007/27 Yayımlandığı Resmi Gazete 15.06.2007-26553
  • Yoğurtçu, H., Kamıslı, F., 1994. Determination of rheological properties of some pekmez samples in Turkey. Journal of Food Engineering 77 (4): 1064– 1068.
  • Tosun, I., Ustun, N.S., 2003. Nonenzymic browning during storage of white hard grape pekmez (Zile pekmezi). Food Chemistry 80: 441–443.
  • Simsek, A., Artik, N. 2002. Studies of composition of concentrates from different fruit. Gıda 27: 459–467.
  • Celik, S., Bakırcı, I., 2003. Some properties of yoghurt produced by adding mulberry pekmez (concentrated juice). International Journal of DairyTechnology 56 (1): 26-29.
  • Kayişoğlu, S., Demirci, M., 2006. Effects of storage time and condition on mineral contents of grape pekmez produced by vacuum and classical methods. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 3 (1): 1- 7.
  • Karakaya, S., Kavas, A. 1999. Antimutagenic activities of some foods. Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 79: 237–242.
  • Karakaya, S., El, S.N., Taç, A.A., 2001. Antioxidant activity of some foods containing phenolic compounds. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 52: 501–508.
  • Şimşek, A., Artık, N., Başpınar, E., 2004. Detection of raisin concentrate (Pekmez) adulteration by regression analysis method. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 17: 155–163.
  • Karakaya, S., El, S.N. 1999. Quercetin, luteolin, apigenin and kaempferol contents of some foods. Food Chemistry 66: 289–292.
  • Kahkonen, M. P., Hopia, A. I., Vuorela, H. J., Rauha, J.P., Pihlaja, K., Kujala, T.S., Heinonen, M., 1999. Antioxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 47: 3954-3962.
  • Yamakoshi, J., Kataoka, S., Koga, T., Ariga, T., 1999. Proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seeds attenuates the development of aortic atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis 142: 139-149. rabbits.
  • Artık, N., Velioglu, S. 1993. Bazı pekmez örneklerinin standarda uygunluğunun belirlenmesi üzerine araştırma. Standart 32: 51-54.
  • Kaya, A., Sanghoom, K., Gunasekaran, S., 2011. Viscosity and color change during in situ solidification of grape pekmez. Food Bioprocess Technology 4: 241-246.
  • Kaya, A., Belibağlı, K.B., 2002. Rheology of solid Gaziantep Pekmez. Journal of Food Engineering 54: 221–226.
  • Kaya, A., Sanghoom, K., Gunasekaran, S., 2004. In Situ Solidification of Grape Pekmez. ASAE/CSAE Annual International Meeting, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
  • Karababa, E., Isikli, N.D., 2005. Pekmez: A Traditional Concentrated Fruit Product. Food Reviews International 21: 357–366.
  • Ozturk, B.A., Oner, D., 1999. Production and Evaluation of Yogurt with Concentrated Grape Juice. Journal of Food Science 64 (3): 530-532.
  • Batu, A. 2005. Production of liquid and white solid pekmez in Turkey. Journal of Food Quality 28: 417– 427.
  • AOAC, 1984. AOAC, Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 14th ed., Arlington, VA.
  • Cemeroğlu, B., 1992. Meyve ve Sebze İşleme Endüstirisinde Temel Analiz Metodları. Biltav Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Maturin, L.J., Peeler, J.T., 1998. Aerobic Plate Count. In “FDA’s Bacteriological Analytical Manual” 8th http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html.
  • AOAC, 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analysis Chemists (17th ed). AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
  • Feng, P., Weagant, S.D., Grant, M.A., 1998. Enumeration of Escherichia coli and Coliform Bacteria. In “FDA’s Bacteriological Analytical Manual” 8 th Edition, Revision A, Chapter 4. http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html.
  • Deak, T., Beuchat, L.R. 1996. Handbook of Food Spoilage Yeasts. CRC Pres.
  • Ünlütürk, A., Turantaş, F., 2002. Gıdaların Mikrobiyolojik analizi. Meta Basım Matbaacılık, Bornova, İzmir.
  • Toker, A., Hayoğlu, İ., 2004. Şanlıurfa yöresi gün pekmezlerinin üretim tekniği ve bazı fiziksel- kimyasal özellikleri. Harran Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 8 (2): 67-73.
  • Sengül, M., Ertugay, M.F., Sengül, M., 2005. Rheological, physical and chemical characteristics of mulberry pekmez. Food Control 16: 73–76.
  • Jay, J.M., 2000. Modern Food Microbiology. Springer – Verlag.
  • Koca, I., Karadeniz, B., 2009. Physical, chemical and antioxidant properties of solid and sour apple pekmez. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 7 (3/4): 58-60.
  • Bozkurt, H., Gögüs, F., Eren, S., 1998. Kinetic modelling of the Maillard browning reaction in pekmez (grape molasses). Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Science 22: 455– 460.
  • Bozkurt, H., Gögüs, F., Eren, S. 1999. Nonenzymic browning reactions in boiled grape juice and its models during storage. Food Chemistry 64: 89–93.
  • Aksu, I., Nas, S. 1996. Dut pekmezi üretim tekniği ve çeşitli fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri. Gıda 21: 83– 88.
  • Sert, D., Yılmaz, M.T., Karakaya, M., 2008. Physical, sensory and flow properties of wheat starch–dairy mixtures. Journal of Texture Studies 39: 150–168.
  • TS, 2008. TS 3792 Üzüm Pekmezi, Türk Standardları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Loureiro, V., Queroly, A. 1999. The prevalence and control of spoilage yeasts in foods and beverages. Trends in Food Science and Technology 10: 356- 365.
  • Anonim, 2011. Türk Gıda Kodeksi Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yayımlandığı Resmi Gazete 29.11.2011-28157.
  • Bell, C., 2002. Approach to the control of entero- Tebliğ No 2001/19, hemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). Internationall Journal of Food Microbiology 78: 197-216.

Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri

Year 2013, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 46 - 52, 01.03.2013

Abstract

Bu araştırmada Tokat yöresinde üretilen Çalma pekmezin n=45 bazı fiziksel, kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Test edilen örneklerin pH değerlerinin 4,60-5,77, aw değerlerinin 0,550-0,710, briks değerlerinin ise 63,0-93,0 arasında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin Hunter L parlaklık değerleri 31,38-52,0, a kırmızılık değerleri 8,08-19,31, b sarılık değerlerinin ise 23,59-42,01 arasında değiştiği bulunmuştur. Mikrobiyolojik analizler sonucunda, toplam aerobik mezofilik bakteri sayısı

References

  • Anonim, 1989. TS 3792 Üzüm Pekmezi Standardı. TSE Ankara.
  • Anonim, 2007. Türk Gıda Kodeksi Üzüm Pekmezi Tebliği, Tebliğ No 2007/27 Yayımlandığı Resmi Gazete 15.06.2007-26553
  • Yoğurtçu, H., Kamıslı, F., 1994. Determination of rheological properties of some pekmez samples in Turkey. Journal of Food Engineering 77 (4): 1064– 1068.
  • Tosun, I., Ustun, N.S., 2003. Nonenzymic browning during storage of white hard grape pekmez (Zile pekmezi). Food Chemistry 80: 441–443.
  • Simsek, A., Artik, N. 2002. Studies of composition of concentrates from different fruit. Gıda 27: 459–467.
  • Celik, S., Bakırcı, I., 2003. Some properties of yoghurt produced by adding mulberry pekmez (concentrated juice). International Journal of DairyTechnology 56 (1): 26-29.
  • Kayişoğlu, S., Demirci, M., 2006. Effects of storage time and condition on mineral contents of grape pekmez produced by vacuum and classical methods. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 3 (1): 1- 7.
  • Karakaya, S., Kavas, A. 1999. Antimutagenic activities of some foods. Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 79: 237–242.
  • Karakaya, S., El, S.N., Taç, A.A., 2001. Antioxidant activity of some foods containing phenolic compounds. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 52: 501–508.
  • Şimşek, A., Artık, N., Başpınar, E., 2004. Detection of raisin concentrate (Pekmez) adulteration by regression analysis method. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 17: 155–163.
  • Karakaya, S., El, S.N. 1999. Quercetin, luteolin, apigenin and kaempferol contents of some foods. Food Chemistry 66: 289–292.
  • Kahkonen, M. P., Hopia, A. I., Vuorela, H. J., Rauha, J.P., Pihlaja, K., Kujala, T.S., Heinonen, M., 1999. Antioxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 47: 3954-3962.
  • Yamakoshi, J., Kataoka, S., Koga, T., Ariga, T., 1999. Proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seeds attenuates the development of aortic atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis 142: 139-149. rabbits.
  • Artık, N., Velioglu, S. 1993. Bazı pekmez örneklerinin standarda uygunluğunun belirlenmesi üzerine araştırma. Standart 32: 51-54.
  • Kaya, A., Sanghoom, K., Gunasekaran, S., 2011. Viscosity and color change during in situ solidification of grape pekmez. Food Bioprocess Technology 4: 241-246.
  • Kaya, A., Belibağlı, K.B., 2002. Rheology of solid Gaziantep Pekmez. Journal of Food Engineering 54: 221–226.
  • Kaya, A., Sanghoom, K., Gunasekaran, S., 2004. In Situ Solidification of Grape Pekmez. ASAE/CSAE Annual International Meeting, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
  • Karababa, E., Isikli, N.D., 2005. Pekmez: A Traditional Concentrated Fruit Product. Food Reviews International 21: 357–366.
  • Ozturk, B.A., Oner, D., 1999. Production and Evaluation of Yogurt with Concentrated Grape Juice. Journal of Food Science 64 (3): 530-532.
  • Batu, A. 2005. Production of liquid and white solid pekmez in Turkey. Journal of Food Quality 28: 417– 427.
  • AOAC, 1984. AOAC, Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 14th ed., Arlington, VA.
  • Cemeroğlu, B., 1992. Meyve ve Sebze İşleme Endüstirisinde Temel Analiz Metodları. Biltav Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Maturin, L.J., Peeler, J.T., 1998. Aerobic Plate Count. In “FDA’s Bacteriological Analytical Manual” 8th http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html.
  • AOAC, 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analysis Chemists (17th ed). AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
  • Feng, P., Weagant, S.D., Grant, M.A., 1998. Enumeration of Escherichia coli and Coliform Bacteria. In “FDA’s Bacteriological Analytical Manual” 8 th Edition, Revision A, Chapter 4. http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html.
  • Deak, T., Beuchat, L.R. 1996. Handbook of Food Spoilage Yeasts. CRC Pres.
  • Ünlütürk, A., Turantaş, F., 2002. Gıdaların Mikrobiyolojik analizi. Meta Basım Matbaacılık, Bornova, İzmir.
  • Toker, A., Hayoğlu, İ., 2004. Şanlıurfa yöresi gün pekmezlerinin üretim tekniği ve bazı fiziksel- kimyasal özellikleri. Harran Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 8 (2): 67-73.
  • Sengül, M., Ertugay, M.F., Sengül, M., 2005. Rheological, physical and chemical characteristics of mulberry pekmez. Food Control 16: 73–76.
  • Jay, J.M., 2000. Modern Food Microbiology. Springer – Verlag.
  • Koca, I., Karadeniz, B., 2009. Physical, chemical and antioxidant properties of solid and sour apple pekmez. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 7 (3/4): 58-60.
  • Bozkurt, H., Gögüs, F., Eren, S., 1998. Kinetic modelling of the Maillard browning reaction in pekmez (grape molasses). Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Science 22: 455– 460.
  • Bozkurt, H., Gögüs, F., Eren, S. 1999. Nonenzymic browning reactions in boiled grape juice and its models during storage. Food Chemistry 64: 89–93.
  • Aksu, I., Nas, S. 1996. Dut pekmezi üretim tekniği ve çeşitli fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri. Gıda 21: 83– 88.
  • Sert, D., Yılmaz, M.T., Karakaya, M., 2008. Physical, sensory and flow properties of wheat starch–dairy mixtures. Journal of Texture Studies 39: 150–168.
  • TS, 2008. TS 3792 Üzüm Pekmezi, Türk Standardları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Loureiro, V., Queroly, A. 1999. The prevalence and control of spoilage yeasts in foods and beverages. Trends in Food Science and Technology 10: 356- 365.
  • Anonim, 2011. Türk Gıda Kodeksi Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yayımlandığı Resmi Gazete 29.11.2011-28157.
  • Bell, C., 2002. Approach to the control of entero- Tebliğ No 2001/19, hemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). Internationall Journal of Food Microbiology 78: 197-216.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ayşe Özbey This is me

Nilgün Öncül This is me

Kader Erdoğan This is me

Zeliha Yıldırım This is me

Metin Yıldırım This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özbey, A., Öncül, N., Erdoğan, K., Yıldırım, Z., et al. (2013). Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri. Akademik Gıda, 11(1), 46-52.
AMA Özbey A, Öncül N, Erdoğan K, Yıldırım Z, Yıldırım M. Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri. Akademik Gıda. March 2013;11(1):46-52.
Chicago Özbey, Ayşe, Nilgün Öncül, Kader Erdoğan, Zeliha Yıldırım, and Metin Yıldırım. “Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal Ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri”. Akademik Gıda 11, no. 1 (March 2013): 46-52.
EndNote Özbey A, Öncül N, Erdoğan K, Yıldırım Z, Yıldırım M (March 1, 2013) Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri. Akademik Gıda 11 1 46–52.
IEEE A. Özbey, N. Öncül, K. Erdoğan, Z. Yıldırım, and M. Yıldırım, “Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri”, Akademik Gıda, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 46–52, 2013.
ISNAD Özbey, Ayşe et al. “Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal Ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri”. Akademik Gıda 11/1 (March 2013), 46-52.
JAMA Özbey A, Öncül N, Erdoğan K, Yıldırım Z, Yıldırım M. Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri. Akademik Gıda. 2013;11:46–52.
MLA Özbey, Ayşe et al. “Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal Ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri”. Akademik Gıda, vol. 11, no. 1, 2013, pp. 46-52.
Vancouver Özbey A, Öncül N, Erdoğan K, Yıldırım Z, Yıldırım M. Tokat Yöresinde Üretilen Çalma Pekmezin Bazı Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri. Akademik Gıda. 2013;11(1):46-52.

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