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Chlorine Dioxide: New Chemical Sanitizer in Food Industry

Year 2013, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 76 - 82, 01.03.2013

Abstract

Chlorine dioxide is one of the strongest oxidants used in fruit and vegetables as a disinfectant agent. It has great potential in food industry due to its high bactericidal activity over a wide pH range and selectivity. In contrast to chlorine, it is effective at lower concentrations with low reaction time and does not produce any toxic or carcinogenic by-products as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in the presence of organic materials. This review discusses the chemical properties of chlorine dioxide, mechanisms of its antimicrobial action and its effect on microorganisms in fruit and vegetables

References

  • Chen, Z., Zhu, C., Zhang, Y., Niu, D., Du, J., 2010. Effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide treatment on enzymatic browning and shelf-life of fresh-cut asparagus lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Postharvest Biol Technol 58: 232-8.
  • Chen, Z., Zhu, C., Han, Z., 2011. Effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide treatment on nutritional components and shelf-life of mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.). J Biosci Bioeng 111: 675-81.
  • Gómez-López, V.M., Rajkovic, A., Ragaert, P., Smigic, N., Devlieghere, F., 2009. Chlorine dioxide for minimally processed produce preservation: a review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 20: 17-26.
  • Gómez-López, V. M., Ragaert, P., Jeyachchandran, V., Debevere, J., Devlieghere, F., 2008. Shelf-life of minimally processed lettuce and cabbage treated with gaseous chlorine dioxide and cysteine. Int J Food Microbiol 121: 74-83.
  • Devlieghere, F., Vermeiren, L., Debevere, J., 2004. New preservation technologies: Possibilities and limitations. Int Dairy J 14: 273-85.
  • Gordon, G., Rosenblatt, A. A., 2005. Chlorine dioxide: The current state of the art. Ozone: Science & Engineering 27: 203-7.
  • Hoehn, R. C., Darby, H., Neemann, J. Chlorine Dioxide White’s handbook of chlorination and alternative disinfectants. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2010. p. 700-57.
  • Fan, X., Niemira, B. A., Doona, C. J., Feeherry, F. E., Gravani, R. B., 2009. Microbial Safety of Fresh Produce. Hong Kong: IFT Press
  • Han, Y., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2001. Reduction of Listeria monocytogenes on green peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) by Gaseous and aqueous chlorine dioxide and water washing and ıts growth at 7°C. J Food Prot 64: 1730-8.
  • Gomez-Lopez, V. M., Ragaert, P., Debevere, J., Devlieghere, F., 2008. Decontamination methods to prolong the shelf-life of minimally processed vegetables, state-of-the-art. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 48: 487-95.
  • Gordon, G., Kieffer, R. G., Rosenblatt, D. H. The Chemisty of Chlorine Dioxide. In: Lippard SJ, editor. Prog Inorg Chem. Canada: John Wiley & Sons; 1972. p. 201-87.
  • Fukayama, M. Y., Tan, H., Wheeler, W. B., Wei, C., 1986. Reactions of Aqueous Chlorine and Chlorine Dioxide with Model Food Compounds. Environ Health Perspect 69: 267-74.
  • Young, S. B., Setlow, P., 2003. Mechanisms of killing of Bacillus subtilis spores by hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. J Appl Microbiol 95: 54-67.
  • Peta, M. E., Lindsay, D., Brozel, V. S., von Holy, A., 2003. Susceptibility of food spoilage Bacillus species to chlorine dioxide and other sanitizers. S Afr J Sci 99: 375-80.
  • Vandekinderen, I., Devlieghere, F., Van Camp, J., Kerkaert, B., Cucu, T., Ragaert, P., et al., 2009. Effects of food composition on the inactivation of foodborne microorganisms by chlorine dioxide. Int J Food Microbiol 131: 138-44.
  • Han, Y., Floros, J. D., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2001. Response surface modeling for the inactivation of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 on green peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) by chlorine dioxide gas treatments. J Food Prot 64: 1128-33.
  • Yuk, H. G., Bartz, J. A., Schneider, K. R., 2006. The effectiveness of sanitizer treatments in inactivation of Salmonella spp. from bell pepper, cucumber, and strawberry. J Food Sci 71: M95-M9.
  • Han, Y., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2000. Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 on surface-uninjured and -injured green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by chlorine dioxide gases demonstrated microscopy. Food Microbiol 17: 643-55. laser scanning
  • Du, J., Han, Y., Linton, R. H., 2002. Inactivation by chlorine monocytogenes spotted onto different apple surfaces. Food Microbiol 19: 481-90. of Listeria
  • Du, J., Han, Y., Linton, R. H., 2003. Efficacy of chlorine dioxide gas in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on apple surfaces. Food Microbiol 20: 583-91.
  • Han, Y., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2000. Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on surface-uninjured and -injured green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by chlorine dioxide gas as demonstrated microscopy. Food Microbiol 17: 643-55. laser scanning
  • Han, Y., Selby, T. L., Schultze, K. K., Nelson, P. E., Linton, R. H., 2004. Decontamination of strawberries using batch and continuous chlorine dioxide gas treatments. J Food Prot 67: 2450-5.
  • Sy, K. V., McWatters, K. H., Beuchat, L. R., 2005. Efficacy of Gaseous chlorine dioxide as a sanitizer for killing salmonella, yeasts, and molds on blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries. J Food Prot 68: 1165-75.
  • Keskinen, L. A., Burke, A., Annous, B. A., 2009. Efficacy of chlorine, acidic electrolyzed water and aqueous decontaminate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from lettuce leaves. Int J Food Microbiol 132: 134-40.
  • Stivarius, M. R., Pohlman, F. W., McElyea, K. S., Apple, J. K., 2002. Microbial, instrumental color and sensory color and odor characteristics of ground beef produced from beef trimmings treated with ozone or chlorine dioxide. Meat Sci 60: 299-305.
  • Mahmoud, B. S. M., Bhagat, A. R., Linton, R. H., 2007. Inactivation kinetics of inoculated Escherichia coli Salmonella enterica on strawberries by chlorine dioxide gas. Food Microbiol 24: 736-44. monocytogenes and
  • Chen, Z., Zhu, C., 2011. Combined effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide and ultrasonic treatments on postharvest storage quality of plum fruit (Prunus salicina L.). Postharvest Biol Technol 61: 117-23.
  • Trinetta, V., Morgan, M. T., Linton, R. H., 2010. Use of high-concentration-short-time chlorine dioxide gas treatments for the inactivation of Salmonella enterica spp. inoculated onto Roma tomatoes. Food Microbiol 27: 1009-15.
  • Aday, M. S., Caner, C., 2011. The Applications of ‘active packaging and chlorine dioxide’ for extended shelf life of fresh strawberries. Packag Technol Sci 24: 123-36.
  • Aday, M. S., Buyukcan, M. B., Caner, C., 2012. Maintaining the quality of strawberries by combined effect of aqueous chlorine dioxide with modified atmosphere packaging. J Food Process Preserv: In Press.
  • Gómez-López, V.M., Devlieghere, F., Ragaert, P., Debevere, J., 2007. Shelf-life extension of minimally processed carrots by gaseous chlorine dioxide. Int J Food Microbiol 116: 221-7.
  • Mahmoud, B.S.M., Vaidya, N.A., Corvalan, C.M., Linton, R.H., 2008. Inactivation kinetics of inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Poona on whole cantaloupe by chlorine dioxide gas. Food Microbiol 25: 857-65.
  • Jin-hua, D. U., Mao-run, F. U., Miao-miao, L. I., Wei, X. I. A., 2007. Effects of chlorine dioxide gas on postharvest physiology and storage quality of green bell pepper (Capsicum frutescens L. var. Longrum). Agricultural Sciences in China 6: 214-9.
  • Fu, Y., Zhang, K., Wang, N., Du, J., 2007. Effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide treatment on polyphenol oxidases from Golden Delicious apple. LWT - Food Science and Technology 40: 1362-8.
  • Zhong, M., Wu, B., Wang, J.-D., Wu, J.-M., Wei, L.- H., 2006. Effect of chlorine dioxide on ripening of ‘Xiaobai’ apricots. Eur Food Res Technol 223: 791- 5.
  • Vandekinderen, I., Van Camp, J., Devlieghere, F., Veramme, K., Bernaert, N., Denon, Q., et al., 2009. Effect of decontamination on the microbial load, the sensory quality and the nutrient retention of ready- to-eat white cabbage. Eur Food Res Technol 229: 443-55.
  • Gómez-López, V.M. Chlorine Dioxide. Decontamination of Fresh and Minimally Processed Produce: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012. p. 165-75.

Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit

Year 2013, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 76 - 82, 01.03.2013

Abstract

Klordioksit meyve ve sebzelerde dezenfeksiyon ajanı olarak kullanılan en güçlü oksidantlardan birisidir. Gıda endüstrisindeki yüksek kullanım potansiyeli, geniş pH aralığındaki bakterisidal etkisinden ve seçiciliğinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Klordan farklı olarak, düşük konsantrasyon ve düşük reaksiyon sürelerinde bile etkili olup, organik madde varlığında trihalometan ve haloasetik asit gibi toksik ve karsinojenik yan ürünler oluşturmamaktadır. Bu derleme, klordioksitin kimyasal özelliklerini, antimikrobiyal etki mekanizmasını ve meyve ve sebzeler üzerindeki meydana getirdiği etkiyi incelemektedir

References

  • Chen, Z., Zhu, C., Zhang, Y., Niu, D., Du, J., 2010. Effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide treatment on enzymatic browning and shelf-life of fresh-cut asparagus lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Postharvest Biol Technol 58: 232-8.
  • Chen, Z., Zhu, C., Han, Z., 2011. Effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide treatment on nutritional components and shelf-life of mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.). J Biosci Bioeng 111: 675-81.
  • Gómez-López, V.M., Rajkovic, A., Ragaert, P., Smigic, N., Devlieghere, F., 2009. Chlorine dioxide for minimally processed produce preservation: a review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 20: 17-26.
  • Gómez-López, V. M., Ragaert, P., Jeyachchandran, V., Debevere, J., Devlieghere, F., 2008. Shelf-life of minimally processed lettuce and cabbage treated with gaseous chlorine dioxide and cysteine. Int J Food Microbiol 121: 74-83.
  • Devlieghere, F., Vermeiren, L., Debevere, J., 2004. New preservation technologies: Possibilities and limitations. Int Dairy J 14: 273-85.
  • Gordon, G., Rosenblatt, A. A., 2005. Chlorine dioxide: The current state of the art. Ozone: Science & Engineering 27: 203-7.
  • Hoehn, R. C., Darby, H., Neemann, J. Chlorine Dioxide White’s handbook of chlorination and alternative disinfectants. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2010. p. 700-57.
  • Fan, X., Niemira, B. A., Doona, C. J., Feeherry, F. E., Gravani, R. B., 2009. Microbial Safety of Fresh Produce. Hong Kong: IFT Press
  • Han, Y., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2001. Reduction of Listeria monocytogenes on green peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) by Gaseous and aqueous chlorine dioxide and water washing and ıts growth at 7°C. J Food Prot 64: 1730-8.
  • Gomez-Lopez, V. M., Ragaert, P., Debevere, J., Devlieghere, F., 2008. Decontamination methods to prolong the shelf-life of minimally processed vegetables, state-of-the-art. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 48: 487-95.
  • Gordon, G., Kieffer, R. G., Rosenblatt, D. H. The Chemisty of Chlorine Dioxide. In: Lippard SJ, editor. Prog Inorg Chem. Canada: John Wiley & Sons; 1972. p. 201-87.
  • Fukayama, M. Y., Tan, H., Wheeler, W. B., Wei, C., 1986. Reactions of Aqueous Chlorine and Chlorine Dioxide with Model Food Compounds. Environ Health Perspect 69: 267-74.
  • Young, S. B., Setlow, P., 2003. Mechanisms of killing of Bacillus subtilis spores by hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. J Appl Microbiol 95: 54-67.
  • Peta, M. E., Lindsay, D., Brozel, V. S., von Holy, A., 2003. Susceptibility of food spoilage Bacillus species to chlorine dioxide and other sanitizers. S Afr J Sci 99: 375-80.
  • Vandekinderen, I., Devlieghere, F., Van Camp, J., Kerkaert, B., Cucu, T., Ragaert, P., et al., 2009. Effects of food composition on the inactivation of foodborne microorganisms by chlorine dioxide. Int J Food Microbiol 131: 138-44.
  • Han, Y., Floros, J. D., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2001. Response surface modeling for the inactivation of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 on green peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) by chlorine dioxide gas treatments. J Food Prot 64: 1128-33.
  • Yuk, H. G., Bartz, J. A., Schneider, K. R., 2006. The effectiveness of sanitizer treatments in inactivation of Salmonella spp. from bell pepper, cucumber, and strawberry. J Food Sci 71: M95-M9.
  • Han, Y., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2000. Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 on surface-uninjured and -injured green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by chlorine dioxide gases demonstrated microscopy. Food Microbiol 17: 643-55. laser scanning
  • Du, J., Han, Y., Linton, R. H., 2002. Inactivation by chlorine monocytogenes spotted onto different apple surfaces. Food Microbiol 19: 481-90. of Listeria
  • Du, J., Han, Y., Linton, R. H., 2003. Efficacy of chlorine dioxide gas in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on apple surfaces. Food Microbiol 20: 583-91.
  • Han, Y., Linton, R. H., Nielsen, S. S., Nelson, P. E., 2000. Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on surface-uninjured and -injured green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) by chlorine dioxide gas as demonstrated microscopy. Food Microbiol 17: 643-55. laser scanning
  • Han, Y., Selby, T. L., Schultze, K. K., Nelson, P. E., Linton, R. H., 2004. Decontamination of strawberries using batch and continuous chlorine dioxide gas treatments. J Food Prot 67: 2450-5.
  • Sy, K. V., McWatters, K. H., Beuchat, L. R., 2005. Efficacy of Gaseous chlorine dioxide as a sanitizer for killing salmonella, yeasts, and molds on blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries. J Food Prot 68: 1165-75.
  • Keskinen, L. A., Burke, A., Annous, B. A., 2009. Efficacy of chlorine, acidic electrolyzed water and aqueous decontaminate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from lettuce leaves. Int J Food Microbiol 132: 134-40.
  • Stivarius, M. R., Pohlman, F. W., McElyea, K. S., Apple, J. K., 2002. Microbial, instrumental color and sensory color and odor characteristics of ground beef produced from beef trimmings treated with ozone or chlorine dioxide. Meat Sci 60: 299-305.
  • Mahmoud, B. S. M., Bhagat, A. R., Linton, R. H., 2007. Inactivation kinetics of inoculated Escherichia coli Salmonella enterica on strawberries by chlorine dioxide gas. Food Microbiol 24: 736-44. monocytogenes and
  • Chen, Z., Zhu, C., 2011. Combined effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide and ultrasonic treatments on postharvest storage quality of plum fruit (Prunus salicina L.). Postharvest Biol Technol 61: 117-23.
  • Trinetta, V., Morgan, M. T., Linton, R. H., 2010. Use of high-concentration-short-time chlorine dioxide gas treatments for the inactivation of Salmonella enterica spp. inoculated onto Roma tomatoes. Food Microbiol 27: 1009-15.
  • Aday, M. S., Caner, C., 2011. The Applications of ‘active packaging and chlorine dioxide’ for extended shelf life of fresh strawberries. Packag Technol Sci 24: 123-36.
  • Aday, M. S., Buyukcan, M. B., Caner, C., 2012. Maintaining the quality of strawberries by combined effect of aqueous chlorine dioxide with modified atmosphere packaging. J Food Process Preserv: In Press.
  • Gómez-López, V.M., Devlieghere, F., Ragaert, P., Debevere, J., 2007. Shelf-life extension of minimally processed carrots by gaseous chlorine dioxide. Int J Food Microbiol 116: 221-7.
  • Mahmoud, B.S.M., Vaidya, N.A., Corvalan, C.M., Linton, R.H., 2008. Inactivation kinetics of inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Poona on whole cantaloupe by chlorine dioxide gas. Food Microbiol 25: 857-65.
  • Jin-hua, D. U., Mao-run, F. U., Miao-miao, L. I., Wei, X. I. A., 2007. Effects of chlorine dioxide gas on postharvest physiology and storage quality of green bell pepper (Capsicum frutescens L. var. Longrum). Agricultural Sciences in China 6: 214-9.
  • Fu, Y., Zhang, K., Wang, N., Du, J., 2007. Effects of aqueous chlorine dioxide treatment on polyphenol oxidases from Golden Delicious apple. LWT - Food Science and Technology 40: 1362-8.
  • Zhong, M., Wu, B., Wang, J.-D., Wu, J.-M., Wei, L.- H., 2006. Effect of chlorine dioxide on ripening of ‘Xiaobai’ apricots. Eur Food Res Technol 223: 791- 5.
  • Vandekinderen, I., Van Camp, J., Devlieghere, F., Veramme, K., Bernaert, N., Denon, Q., et al., 2009. Effect of decontamination on the microbial load, the sensory quality and the nutrient retention of ready- to-eat white cabbage. Eur Food Res Technol 229: 443-55.
  • Gómez-López, V.M. Chlorine Dioxide. Decontamination of Fresh and Minimally Processed Produce: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012. p. 165-75.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Collection
Authors

Mehmet Seçkin Aday This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aday, M. S. (2013). Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit. Akademik Gıda, 11(1), 76-82.
AMA Aday MS. Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit. Akademik Gıda. March 2013;11(1):76-82.
Chicago Aday, Mehmet Seçkin. “Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit”. Akademik Gıda 11, no. 1 (March 2013): 76-82.
EndNote Aday MS (March 1, 2013) Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit. Akademik Gıda 11 1 76–82.
IEEE M. S. Aday, “Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit”, Akademik Gıda, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 76–82, 2013.
ISNAD Aday, Mehmet Seçkin. “Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit”. Akademik Gıda 11/1 (March 2013), 76-82.
JAMA Aday MS. Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit. Akademik Gıda. 2013;11:76–82.
MLA Aday, Mehmet Seçkin. “Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit”. Akademik Gıda, vol. 11, no. 1, 2013, pp. 76-82.
Vancouver Aday MS. Gıda Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Kimyasal Ajan: Klordioksit. Akademik Gıda. 2013;11(1):76-82.

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