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New Trends in Meat Products: Healthier Product Development Studies

Year 2009, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 52 - 59, 01.12.2009

Abstract

Anatolia has an abundance of food varieties due to its rich cultural diversity and its regional position. Meat products represent a very important part of the traditional food cuisine. Sucuk, pastırma, döner, kokoreç and kavurma are Turkish meat products with economical value. While meat and meat products are a good source of bioactive components, their regular consumption has been speculated to cause several health risks such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity and hypertension, largely due to their saturated fat, sodium and other additive contents. This, in turn, has reduced the consumption of meat and meat products. Nowadays, meat industry has been trying to develop healthier meat products while improving quality characteristics. Therefore, studies have been focused on the production of healthier meat products. In this present study, recent national and international studies on the development of healthier meat products were reviewed

References

  • Muguerza, E., Gimeno, O., Ansorena, D., Astisaran,I., 2004. New Formulations for Healthier Dry Fermented Sausage, Review. Trends in Food Science&Technology 15: 452-457.
  • Biesalski, H.K., 2005. Meat as a component of a healthy diet – are there any risks or benefits if meat is avoided in the diet? Meat Science 70: 509–524.
  • Arihara, K., 2006. Strategies for designing novel functional meat products. Meat Science 74: 219- 229.
  • Anonim, 2008. http://www.eurofir.net/public.asp?id= 4292.
  • Ferreira, V., Barbosa, J., Silva, J., Gibbs, P., Hogg, T., Teixeira, P., 2008. Microbiological profile of Salpicão de Vinhais and Chouriça de Vinhais from raw materials to final products: Traditional dry sausages produced in the North of Portugal. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 10 (2): 279-283.
  • Lorenzo, J. M., Fontán, M.C.G., Franco, I., Carballo, J., 2008. Biochemical characteristics of dry-cured lacón (a Spanish traditional meat product) throughout the manufacture, and sensorial properties of the final product. Effect of some additives. Food Control 19 (12): 1148-1158.
  • Bonomo, M.G., Ricciardi, A., Zotta, T., Parente, E., Salzano, G., 2008. Molecular and technological characterization of lactic acid bacteria from traditional fermented sausages of Basilicata region (Southern Italy). Meat Science 80 (4): 1238-1248.
  • Demeyer, D., Honikel, K., Smet, S., 2008. Review The World Cancer Research Fund Report 2007: A challenge for the meat processing industry. Meat Science 80: 953-959.
  • WHO. 2003. Global cancer rates could increase by 50% to 15 million by 2020. World Health Organisation Pres Release, Ceneva.
  • Bozkurt, H., Erkmen, O., 2007. Effects of some commercial additives on the quality of sucuk (Turkish dry-fermented sausage). Food Chemistry 101: 1465-1473.
  • Kurt, Ş., Zorba, Ö., 2009. The effects of ripening period, nitrite level and heat treatment on biogenic amine formation of ‘‘sucuk” – A Turkish dry fermented sausage. Meat Science 82: 179-184.
  • Latorre-Moratalla, M.L., Veciana-Nogues, T., Bover- Cid, S., Garriga, M., Aymerich, T., Zanardi, E., Ianieri, A., Fraqueza, M.J., Patarata, L., Drosinos, E.H., Laukova, A., Talon, R., Vidal-Carou, M.C., 2008. Biogenic amines in traditional fermented sausages produced in selected European countries. Food Chemistry 107: 912-921.
  • Ekici, K., Şekeroğlu, R., Sancak, Y. C., Noyan, T., 2004. A note on histamine levels in Turkish style fermented sausages. Meat Science 68:123-125.
  • González-Fernández C., Santos E.M., Jaime I., Rovira, J., 2003. Influence of starter cultures and sugar concentrations on biogenic amine contents in chorizo dry sausage. Food Microbiology 20: 275- 284.
  • Bozkurt, H., 2006. Utilization of natural antioxidants: Green tea extract and Thymbra spicata oil in Turkish dry-fermented sausage. Meat Science 73: 442-450.
  • Bozkurt, H., 2007. Comparison of the effects of sesame and Thymbra spicata oil during the manufacturing of Turkish dry-fermented sausage. Food Control 18:149–156.
  • Ruiz-Capillas, C., Colmenero, F.J., Carrascosa, A.V., Muñoz. R., 2007. Biogenic amine production in Spanish dry-cured ‘‘chorizo’’sausage treated with high-pressure and kept in chilled storage. Meat Science 77: 365–371.
  • Lorenzo, J.M., Martínez, S., Franco, I., Carballo, J., 2007. Biogenic amine content during the manufacture of dry-cured laco´n, a Spanish traditional meat product: Effect of some additives. Meat Science 77: 287–293.
  • Wei, F., Xua, X., Zhou, G., Zhao, G., Li, C., Zhang, Y., Chen, L., Qi, J., 2009. Irradiated Chinese Rugao ham: Changes in volatile N-nitrosamine, biogenic amine and residual nitrite during ripening and post- ripening. Meat Science 81: 451-455.
  • Jimenez-Colmenero, F., Carballo, J., Cofrades, S., 2001. Healthier meat and meat products: their role as functional foods. Meat Science 59: 5-13.
  • Severini, C., De Pilli, T., Baiano, A., 2003. Partial substitution of pork backfat with extra-virgin olive oil in ‘salami’ products: effects on chemical, physical and sensorial quality. Meat Science 64:323-331.
  • Yıldız-Turp G., Serdaroğlu, M., 2008. Effect of replacing beef fat with hazelnut oil on quality characteristics of sucuk – A Turkish fermented sausage. Meat Science 78: 447-454.
  • Yilmaz, I., Simsek, O., Isikli, M., 2002. Fatty acid composition and quality characteristics of low-fat cooked sausages made with beef and chicken meat, tomato juice and sunflower oil. Meat Science 62 (2): 253-258.
  • Vural, H., 2003. Effect of replacing beef fat and tail fat with interesterified plant oil on quality characteristics of Turkish semi-dry fermented sausages. European Food Research and Technology, 217 (2): 100-103.
  • Kayaardi, S., Gok, V., 2004. Effect of replacing beef fat with olive oil on quality characteristics of Turkish soudjouk (sucuk). Meat Science, 66 (1): 249-257.
  • Muguerza, E., Gimeno, O., Ansorena, D., Bloukas, J. G., Astiasarán, I., 2001. Effect of replacing pork backfat with pre-emulsified olive oil on lipid fraction and sensory quality of Chorizo de Pamplona - a traditional Spanish fermented sausage. Meat Science 59:251-258.
  • Caceres, E., Garcıa, M.L., Selgas. M.D., 2008. Effect of pre-emulsified fish oil – as source of PUFA n_3 – on microstructure and sensory properties of mortadella, a Spanish bologna-type sausage. Meat Science 80: 183-193.
  • Pesler, W.M., Linssen, J.P.H., Legger, A., Houben, J.H., 2007. Lipid oxidation in n-3 fatty acid enriched Dutch style fermented sausages. Meat Science 75: 1-11.
  • Valencia, I., Ansorena, D., Astiasaran, I., 2006. Nutritional and sensory properties of dry fermented sausages enriched with n-3 PUFAs. Meat Science 72: 727-733.
  • Cengiz, E., 2003. Sosislerin yağ oranının azaltılması ve farklı formülasyonlarda sosis üretiminin denenmesi. Yüksek lisans tezi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı. 120 ss., Antalya. Enstitüsü Gıda
  • Keton, J.T., 1994. Low fat meat products technological problems with processing. Meat Science 36: 241-276.
  • Claus, J.R., Hunt, M.C., Kastner, C.L., Kropf, D.H., 1990. Low-fat high added water Bologna:effects of massing preblending and time of addition of water and fat on physical and sensory characteristics. Journal of Food Science 55(2): 338-345.
  • Fernandez-Gines, J.M., Fernandez-Lopez, J., Sayas-Barbera, E., Sendra, E., Perez-Alvarez, J.A., 2004. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages. Meat Science 67: 7-13.
  • Claus, J.R., Hunt, M.C., 1991. Low fat High added water Bologna formulated with texture-modifying ingredients. Journal of Food Science 56 (3):643- 647.
  • Eim Valeria S., Carmen Rossello, S.S., Femenia, A., 2008. Effects of addition of carrot dietary fibre on the ripening process of a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada). Meat Science 80:173-182.
  • Fernandez-Lopez, J., Sendra, E., Sayas-Barbera, E., Navarro, C., Perez-Alvarez, J.A., 2008. Physico- chemical ‘‘salchichon” (Spanish dry-fermented sausage) enriched with orange fiber. Meat Science 80: 410– 417. profiles of
  • Ekici, L., Ercoşkun H., 2007. Et ürünlerinde diyet lif kullanımı. Gıda Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi (1):83-90.
  • Soultos, N., Tzikas, Z., Abrahim, A., Georgantelis, D., Ambrosiadis, I., 2008. Chitosan effects on quality properties of Greek style fresh pork sausages. Meat Science 80: 1150-1156.
  • Miliauskas, G., Mulder, E., Linssen, J.P.H., Houben, J.H., van Beek, T.A., Venskutonis, P.R., 2007. Evaluation of antioxidative properties of Geranium macrorrhizum and Potentilla fruticosa extracts in Dutch style fermented sausages. Meat Science 77: 703-708.
  • Samet, K., Duehlmeier, R., Sallmann, H.P., Canstein C.V., Mueffling T.V., Nowak B., 2006. Assessment of the antioxidative potential of dietary supplementation with a-tocopherol in low-nitrite salami-type sausages. Meat Science 72: 270-279.
  • Aksu, M.İ., 2006. Kavurma'nın Peroksit Sayısı ve Serbest Yağ Asidi Miktarı Üzerine α-Tokoferol ve Farklı Depolama Şartlarının Etkisi. Türkiye 9. Gıda Kongresi Bildirisi, 541. 24-26 Mayıs 2006, Bolu, Turkey.
  • Kayaardi, S., Durak, F., Kayacier, A., Kayaardi, M., 2005. Chemical characteristics of kavurma with selected condiments. International Journal of Food Properties, 8 (3): 513-520.
  • Karl-Otto, H., 2008. The use and control of nitrate and nitrite for the processing of meat products. Meat Science 78: 68–76.
  • Bayraktar, N., Gökçe, R., Ergün, Ö., 1998. Gıdalarda Nitrat ve Nitrit Kalıntılarının İnsan Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri. Ekoloji Dergisi 7 (28):28-30.
  • Bryan, N.S., 2006. Nitrite in nitric oxide biology: Cause or consequence? A systems-based review. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 41: 691–701.
  • Sancak, Y. C., Ekici, K., İşleyici, Ö., 2008. Fermente Türk sucuğu ve pastırmalarda kalıntı nitrat ve nitrit düzeyleri. YYÜ. Vet.Fak.Derg., 19 (1): 4145.
  • Sırıken, B., Özdemir, M., Yavuz, H., Pamuk, Ş., 2006. The microbiological quality and residual nitrate/nitrite levelsin turkish sausage (soudjouck) produced in Afyon Province, Turkey. Food Control 17: 923-928.
  • Liu, D.C., Wu, S.W., Tan, F.J., 2009. Effects of addition of anka rice on the qualities of low-nitrite Chinese doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.04.114. Food Chemistry
  • Gonzalez, B., Diez, V., 2002. The effect of nitrite and starter culture on microbiological quality of ‘‘chorizo’’—a Spanish dry cured sausage. Meat Science 60: 295-298.
  • Zhang, X., Kong, B., Xiong Y.L., 2007. Production of cured meat color in nitrite-free Harbin red sausage by Lactobacillus fermentum fermentation. Meat Science 77: 593-598
  • Wei, F., Xua, X., Zhou, G., Zhao, G., Li, C., Zhang, Y.,Chen, L., Qi, J., 2009. Irradiated Chinese Rugao ham: Changes in volatile N-nitrosamine, biogenic amine and residual nitrite during ripening and post- ripening. Meat Science 81: 451–455.
  • Ahn, H.J., Kim J.H., Jo, C., Lee, J.W., Yook, H.S., Byun, M.W., 2004. Effects of gamma irradiation on residual nitrite, residual ascorbate, color, and N- nitrosamines of cooked sausage during storage. Food Control 15: 197–203.
  • Anonim, 2009. http://acikarsiv.ankara.edu.tr/fulltext/ 2719.pdf
  • Jafari, M., Emam-Djomeh, Z., 2007. Reducing nitrite content in hot dogs by hurdle technology. Food Control 18: 1488-1493.
  • Yetim, H., Kayacier, A., Kesmen, Z., Sagdic, O., 2006. The effects of nitrite on the survival of Clostridium sporogenes and the autoxidation properties of the Kavurma. Meat Science 72: 206– 210.
  • Vuyst, L.D., Falony, G., Leroy, F., 2008. Probiotics in fermented sausages. Meat Science 80:75–78
  • Pennacchia, C., Ercolini, D., Blaiotta, G., Pepe, O., Mauriello, G., Villani, F., 2004. Selection of Lactobacillus strains from fermented sausages for their potential use as probiotics. Meat Science 67: 309–317.
  • Ruiz-Moyano, S.,Martín, A., Benito, M.J., Nevado, F.P., Córdob, M.G., 2008. Screening of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria for potential probiotic use in Iberian dry fermented sausages. Meat Science 80: 715-721.
  • Kaya, M., Aksu, M.I., 2005. Effect of modified atmosphere and vacuum packaging on some quality characteristics of sliced 'sucuk' produced using probiotics culture. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85 (13): 2281-22.
  • Klingberg, T.D., Axelsson, L., Naterstad, K., Elsser, D., Budde, B.B., 2005. Identification of potential probiotic starter cultures for Scandinavian-type fermented sausages. International Journal of Food Microbiology 105: 419-431.
  • Erkkilä, S., 2001. Bioprotective and probiotic meat starter cultures for the fermentation of dry sausages. Dissertation, pp. 48. Department of Food Technology, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları

Year 2009, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 52 - 59, 01.12.2009

Abstract

Coğrafi konumundan dolayı çeşitli medeniyetlere uzun bir tarih süreci ile ev sahipliği yapmış olan Anadolu, zengin ve kendine özgün bir gıda çeşitliliğine sahiptir. Türk yemek kültürünü yansıtan geleneksel gıdalar içerisinde yer alan et ürünleri bu çeşitliliğe önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır. Sucuk, pastırma, döner, kokoreç ve kavurma gibi ürünler ekonomik öneme sahip Türk et ürünleridir. Et ve et ürünlerinin yüksek biyolojik yararlılığa sahip besin öğelerini içermelerine karşın yapılarındaki doymuş yağlar, sodyum ve diğer katkı maddelerinin kanser, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, hipertansiyon ve obeziteye neden olması tüketicilerde et ürünlerini daha az tercih etme yönünde eğilimler oluşturmaktadır. Son yıllarda et ürünleri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, kalite özelliklerinin geliştirilmesinin yanı sıra beslenme-sağlık alanındaki bilgi birikimine dayanarak daha sağlıklı ürünler geliştirmeye yönelmiştir. Derlemede, ülkemizde ve diğer ülkelerde tüketilen et ürünlerinde son dönemlerde gerçekleştirilmiş ve hedefi daha sağlıklı ürünler olan çalışmalara yer verilmiştir

References

  • Muguerza, E., Gimeno, O., Ansorena, D., Astisaran,I., 2004. New Formulations for Healthier Dry Fermented Sausage, Review. Trends in Food Science&Technology 15: 452-457.
  • Biesalski, H.K., 2005. Meat as a component of a healthy diet – are there any risks or benefits if meat is avoided in the diet? Meat Science 70: 509–524.
  • Arihara, K., 2006. Strategies for designing novel functional meat products. Meat Science 74: 219- 229.
  • Anonim, 2008. http://www.eurofir.net/public.asp?id= 4292.
  • Ferreira, V., Barbosa, J., Silva, J., Gibbs, P., Hogg, T., Teixeira, P., 2008. Microbiological profile of Salpicão de Vinhais and Chouriça de Vinhais from raw materials to final products: Traditional dry sausages produced in the North of Portugal. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies 10 (2): 279-283.
  • Lorenzo, J. M., Fontán, M.C.G., Franco, I., Carballo, J., 2008. Biochemical characteristics of dry-cured lacón (a Spanish traditional meat product) throughout the manufacture, and sensorial properties of the final product. Effect of some additives. Food Control 19 (12): 1148-1158.
  • Bonomo, M.G., Ricciardi, A., Zotta, T., Parente, E., Salzano, G., 2008. Molecular and technological characterization of lactic acid bacteria from traditional fermented sausages of Basilicata region (Southern Italy). Meat Science 80 (4): 1238-1248.
  • Demeyer, D., Honikel, K., Smet, S., 2008. Review The World Cancer Research Fund Report 2007: A challenge for the meat processing industry. Meat Science 80: 953-959.
  • WHO. 2003. Global cancer rates could increase by 50% to 15 million by 2020. World Health Organisation Pres Release, Ceneva.
  • Bozkurt, H., Erkmen, O., 2007. Effects of some commercial additives on the quality of sucuk (Turkish dry-fermented sausage). Food Chemistry 101: 1465-1473.
  • Kurt, Ş., Zorba, Ö., 2009. The effects of ripening period, nitrite level and heat treatment on biogenic amine formation of ‘‘sucuk” – A Turkish dry fermented sausage. Meat Science 82: 179-184.
  • Latorre-Moratalla, M.L., Veciana-Nogues, T., Bover- Cid, S., Garriga, M., Aymerich, T., Zanardi, E., Ianieri, A., Fraqueza, M.J., Patarata, L., Drosinos, E.H., Laukova, A., Talon, R., Vidal-Carou, M.C., 2008. Biogenic amines in traditional fermented sausages produced in selected European countries. Food Chemistry 107: 912-921.
  • Ekici, K., Şekeroğlu, R., Sancak, Y. C., Noyan, T., 2004. A note on histamine levels in Turkish style fermented sausages. Meat Science 68:123-125.
  • González-Fernández C., Santos E.M., Jaime I., Rovira, J., 2003. Influence of starter cultures and sugar concentrations on biogenic amine contents in chorizo dry sausage. Food Microbiology 20: 275- 284.
  • Bozkurt, H., 2006. Utilization of natural antioxidants: Green tea extract and Thymbra spicata oil in Turkish dry-fermented sausage. Meat Science 73: 442-450.
  • Bozkurt, H., 2007. Comparison of the effects of sesame and Thymbra spicata oil during the manufacturing of Turkish dry-fermented sausage. Food Control 18:149–156.
  • Ruiz-Capillas, C., Colmenero, F.J., Carrascosa, A.V., Muñoz. R., 2007. Biogenic amine production in Spanish dry-cured ‘‘chorizo’’sausage treated with high-pressure and kept in chilled storage. Meat Science 77: 365–371.
  • Lorenzo, J.M., Martínez, S., Franco, I., Carballo, J., 2007. Biogenic amine content during the manufacture of dry-cured laco´n, a Spanish traditional meat product: Effect of some additives. Meat Science 77: 287–293.
  • Wei, F., Xua, X., Zhou, G., Zhao, G., Li, C., Zhang, Y., Chen, L., Qi, J., 2009. Irradiated Chinese Rugao ham: Changes in volatile N-nitrosamine, biogenic amine and residual nitrite during ripening and post- ripening. Meat Science 81: 451-455.
  • Jimenez-Colmenero, F., Carballo, J., Cofrades, S., 2001. Healthier meat and meat products: their role as functional foods. Meat Science 59: 5-13.
  • Severini, C., De Pilli, T., Baiano, A., 2003. Partial substitution of pork backfat with extra-virgin olive oil in ‘salami’ products: effects on chemical, physical and sensorial quality. Meat Science 64:323-331.
  • Yıldız-Turp G., Serdaroğlu, M., 2008. Effect of replacing beef fat with hazelnut oil on quality characteristics of sucuk – A Turkish fermented sausage. Meat Science 78: 447-454.
  • Yilmaz, I., Simsek, O., Isikli, M., 2002. Fatty acid composition and quality characteristics of low-fat cooked sausages made with beef and chicken meat, tomato juice and sunflower oil. Meat Science 62 (2): 253-258.
  • Vural, H., 2003. Effect of replacing beef fat and tail fat with interesterified plant oil on quality characteristics of Turkish semi-dry fermented sausages. European Food Research and Technology, 217 (2): 100-103.
  • Kayaardi, S., Gok, V., 2004. Effect of replacing beef fat with olive oil on quality characteristics of Turkish soudjouk (sucuk). Meat Science, 66 (1): 249-257.
  • Muguerza, E., Gimeno, O., Ansorena, D., Bloukas, J. G., Astiasarán, I., 2001. Effect of replacing pork backfat with pre-emulsified olive oil on lipid fraction and sensory quality of Chorizo de Pamplona - a traditional Spanish fermented sausage. Meat Science 59:251-258.
  • Caceres, E., Garcıa, M.L., Selgas. M.D., 2008. Effect of pre-emulsified fish oil – as source of PUFA n_3 – on microstructure and sensory properties of mortadella, a Spanish bologna-type sausage. Meat Science 80: 183-193.
  • Pesler, W.M., Linssen, J.P.H., Legger, A., Houben, J.H., 2007. Lipid oxidation in n-3 fatty acid enriched Dutch style fermented sausages. Meat Science 75: 1-11.
  • Valencia, I., Ansorena, D., Astiasaran, I., 2006. Nutritional and sensory properties of dry fermented sausages enriched with n-3 PUFAs. Meat Science 72: 727-733.
  • Cengiz, E., 2003. Sosislerin yağ oranının azaltılması ve farklı formülasyonlarda sosis üretiminin denenmesi. Yüksek lisans tezi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı. 120 ss., Antalya. Enstitüsü Gıda
  • Keton, J.T., 1994. Low fat meat products technological problems with processing. Meat Science 36: 241-276.
  • Claus, J.R., Hunt, M.C., Kastner, C.L., Kropf, D.H., 1990. Low-fat high added water Bologna:effects of massing preblending and time of addition of water and fat on physical and sensory characteristics. Journal of Food Science 55(2): 338-345.
  • Fernandez-Gines, J.M., Fernandez-Lopez, J., Sayas-Barbera, E., Sendra, E., Perez-Alvarez, J.A., 2004. Lemon albedo as a new source of dietary fiber: Application to bologna sausages. Meat Science 67: 7-13.
  • Claus, J.R., Hunt, M.C., 1991. Low fat High added water Bologna formulated with texture-modifying ingredients. Journal of Food Science 56 (3):643- 647.
  • Eim Valeria S., Carmen Rossello, S.S., Femenia, A., 2008. Effects of addition of carrot dietary fibre on the ripening process of a dry fermented sausage (sobrassada). Meat Science 80:173-182.
  • Fernandez-Lopez, J., Sendra, E., Sayas-Barbera, E., Navarro, C., Perez-Alvarez, J.A., 2008. Physico- chemical ‘‘salchichon” (Spanish dry-fermented sausage) enriched with orange fiber. Meat Science 80: 410– 417. profiles of
  • Ekici, L., Ercoşkun H., 2007. Et ürünlerinde diyet lif kullanımı. Gıda Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi (1):83-90.
  • Soultos, N., Tzikas, Z., Abrahim, A., Georgantelis, D., Ambrosiadis, I., 2008. Chitosan effects on quality properties of Greek style fresh pork sausages. Meat Science 80: 1150-1156.
  • Miliauskas, G., Mulder, E., Linssen, J.P.H., Houben, J.H., van Beek, T.A., Venskutonis, P.R., 2007. Evaluation of antioxidative properties of Geranium macrorrhizum and Potentilla fruticosa extracts in Dutch style fermented sausages. Meat Science 77: 703-708.
  • Samet, K., Duehlmeier, R., Sallmann, H.P., Canstein C.V., Mueffling T.V., Nowak B., 2006. Assessment of the antioxidative potential of dietary supplementation with a-tocopherol in low-nitrite salami-type sausages. Meat Science 72: 270-279.
  • Aksu, M.İ., 2006. Kavurma'nın Peroksit Sayısı ve Serbest Yağ Asidi Miktarı Üzerine α-Tokoferol ve Farklı Depolama Şartlarının Etkisi. Türkiye 9. Gıda Kongresi Bildirisi, 541. 24-26 Mayıs 2006, Bolu, Turkey.
  • Kayaardi, S., Durak, F., Kayacier, A., Kayaardi, M., 2005. Chemical characteristics of kavurma with selected condiments. International Journal of Food Properties, 8 (3): 513-520.
  • Karl-Otto, H., 2008. The use and control of nitrate and nitrite for the processing of meat products. Meat Science 78: 68–76.
  • Bayraktar, N., Gökçe, R., Ergün, Ö., 1998. Gıdalarda Nitrat ve Nitrit Kalıntılarının İnsan Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri. Ekoloji Dergisi 7 (28):28-30.
  • Bryan, N.S., 2006. Nitrite in nitric oxide biology: Cause or consequence? A systems-based review. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 41: 691–701.
  • Sancak, Y. C., Ekici, K., İşleyici, Ö., 2008. Fermente Türk sucuğu ve pastırmalarda kalıntı nitrat ve nitrit düzeyleri. YYÜ. Vet.Fak.Derg., 19 (1): 4145.
  • Sırıken, B., Özdemir, M., Yavuz, H., Pamuk, Ş., 2006. The microbiological quality and residual nitrate/nitrite levelsin turkish sausage (soudjouck) produced in Afyon Province, Turkey. Food Control 17: 923-928.
  • Liu, D.C., Wu, S.W., Tan, F.J., 2009. Effects of addition of anka rice on the qualities of low-nitrite Chinese doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.04.114. Food Chemistry
  • Gonzalez, B., Diez, V., 2002. The effect of nitrite and starter culture on microbiological quality of ‘‘chorizo’’—a Spanish dry cured sausage. Meat Science 60: 295-298.
  • Zhang, X., Kong, B., Xiong Y.L., 2007. Production of cured meat color in nitrite-free Harbin red sausage by Lactobacillus fermentum fermentation. Meat Science 77: 593-598
  • Wei, F., Xua, X., Zhou, G., Zhao, G., Li, C., Zhang, Y.,Chen, L., Qi, J., 2009. Irradiated Chinese Rugao ham: Changes in volatile N-nitrosamine, biogenic amine and residual nitrite during ripening and post- ripening. Meat Science 81: 451–455.
  • Ahn, H.J., Kim J.H., Jo, C., Lee, J.W., Yook, H.S., Byun, M.W., 2004. Effects of gamma irradiation on residual nitrite, residual ascorbate, color, and N- nitrosamines of cooked sausage during storage. Food Control 15: 197–203.
  • Anonim, 2009. http://acikarsiv.ankara.edu.tr/fulltext/ 2719.pdf
  • Jafari, M., Emam-Djomeh, Z., 2007. Reducing nitrite content in hot dogs by hurdle technology. Food Control 18: 1488-1493.
  • Yetim, H., Kayacier, A., Kesmen, Z., Sagdic, O., 2006. The effects of nitrite on the survival of Clostridium sporogenes and the autoxidation properties of the Kavurma. Meat Science 72: 206– 210.
  • Vuyst, L.D., Falony, G., Leroy, F., 2008. Probiotics in fermented sausages. Meat Science 80:75–78
  • Pennacchia, C., Ercolini, D., Blaiotta, G., Pepe, O., Mauriello, G., Villani, F., 2004. Selection of Lactobacillus strains from fermented sausages for their potential use as probiotics. Meat Science 67: 309–317.
  • Ruiz-Moyano, S.,Martín, A., Benito, M.J., Nevado, F.P., Córdob, M.G., 2008. Screening of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria for potential probiotic use in Iberian dry fermented sausages. Meat Science 80: 715-721.
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Emel Kaynakcı This is me

Birol Kılıç This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 7 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Kaynakcı, E., & Kılıç, B. (2009). Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları. Akademik Gıda, 7(6), 52-59.
AMA Kaynakcı E, Kılıç B. Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları. Akademik Gıda. December 2009;7(6):52-59.
Chicago Kaynakcı, Emel, and Birol Kılıç. “Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları”. Akademik Gıda 7, no. 6 (December 2009): 52-59.
EndNote Kaynakcı E, Kılıç B (December 1, 2009) Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları. Akademik Gıda 7 6 52–59.
IEEE E. Kaynakcı and B. Kılıç, “Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları”, Akademik Gıda, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 52–59, 2009.
ISNAD Kaynakcı, Emel - Kılıç, Birol. “Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları”. Akademik Gıda 7/6 (December 2009), 52-59.
JAMA Kaynakcı E, Kılıç B. Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları. Akademik Gıda. 2009;7:52–59.
MLA Kaynakcı, Emel and Birol Kılıç. “Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları”. Akademik Gıda, vol. 7, no. 6, 2009, pp. 52-59.
Vancouver Kaynakcı E, Kılıç B. Et Ürünlerinde Yeni Eğilimler: Daha Sağlıklı Ürün Geliştirme Çalışmaları. Akademik Gıda. 2009;7(6):52-9.

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