Propolis ve Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2021, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 89 - 97, 26.04.2021

Aylin Seylam Küşümler Ayça Çelebi

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.927709

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Propolis, bal arıları tarafından bitkilerden özellikle de çiçek ve tomurcuklardan toplanan belirli miktarda balmumu ve reçine karışımı ve esansiyel yağları içeren ve kovan içerisinde birçok amaca uygun olarak kullanılan doğal bir arı ürünüdür. İnsan sağlığı üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarda antioksidan, anti-mikrobiyal, anti-tümor, anti- inflamatuvar başta olmak üzere birçok biyolojik aktiviteye sahiptir. Son beş yıla dönük çalışmalara bakıldığında, propolis ve yapısında bulunan kafeik asit bileşeninin antioksidan ve antiinflamatuvar etkiye sahip olduğu, bağışıklık sistemi ve diğer sağlık durumları üzerine etki gösterdiği gözlenmiştir. Özellikle stres ve inflamatuvar sitokin artışının olduğu mekanizmalarda kafeik asit bileşeninin mekanizmadaki etkin enzimlerin inhibisyonunu sağladığı gözlenmiştir. Bağışıklık sistemi üzerine etkili olabilmesi için alınması gereken doz konusunda tam netlik olmasa bile yapılan randomize kontrollü çalışmalar sonucunda belirlenen günlük alımda güvenilir olan doz 70 mg/kg olup, 15 g üstü alım toksik doz olarak belirlenmiştir. Propolisin bağışıklık sistemi üzerine etkisi, yan etkileri ve güvenilir dozu ile ilgili çalışmalar gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Önümüzdeki dönemlerde yapılan çalışmalarla birlikte bağışıklık sistemi üzerindeki etkinlik mekanizmaları ve doz konusundaki bilgiler kanıt düzeyinde anlamlılık kazanacaktır. Buna bağlı olarak propolisin başta bağışıklık sistemi ve bütüncül olarak insan sağlığına etkilerinin tanımlanması önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; propolisin özellikleri, tüketim dozu ve insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri konusunda yapılan çalışmaların özetlenerek, aktarılmasıdır.

Keywords

Propolis, Antioksidan, İnsan sağlığı

Propolis and Effects on Human Health

Abstract

Propolis is a natural product collected by honeybees from plants, especially their flowers and buds, by mixing with wax and resin, and used for various purposes in hive. Several scientific studies have shown that propolis can be used to treat various diseases in conventional medicine since ancient times and has biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory. Studies in the last five years have shown that phenolic compounds especially caffeic acid esters (CAPE) in propolis have high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity levels. Especially, some studies have demonstrated that CAPE may inhibit oxidative stress mechanisms and supress cytokine production. To ensure its effectiveness on human immune system, even though its effective intake dose is not clear, its reliable dose is 70 mg/kg, and any intake above 15 g is regarded as a toxic dose. Studies on propolis and its efficacy, side effects and reliable dose are increasing day by day, especially its effect on human immune system. In future studies, the mechanisms of its activity on immune system and more information on its effective doses are going to be significant at the level of evidence. Accordingly, it is important to define the effects of propolis on human immune system and overall health. In this study, it is aimed to summarize the studies on the properties of propolis, its consumption dose and its effects on human health.

Keywords

Propolis, Antioxidant, Human health

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