Research Article
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Eating Disorders, Emotional Eating, Internet and Social Media Addiction in Adult Individuals in Covid-19 Period

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 291 - 297, 01.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.1059373

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study is to examine eating disorder, emotional eating, internet and social media addiction in adult individuals during the Covid-19 period.
Material and Methods: Two hundred eight individuals between the ages of 18-65 were included in the study. Socio-demographic information form, Rezzy Eating Disorder Scale, Emotional Eating Scale, Internet Addiction Scale and Social Media Addiction Scale were used in the study.
Results: It was determined that approximately half of the individuals were at risk for eating disorders and only 24% were within the normal body mass index limits. The average duration of daily internet use of adult individuals was 5.1±3.6 hours and their average social media usage time was 2.4±2.2 hours. A positive correlation was found between all scales in the study (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the study draw attention to the risk of adult individuals in terms of eating disorders and internet use during the Covid-19 period.
Keywords: Covid-19, Eating Disorders, Emotional Eating, Internet Addiction, Social Media Addiction

References

  • 1. Stockwell S, Trott M, Tully M, Shin J, Barnett Y, Butler L, et al. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2021;7(1):e000960.
  • 2. Organization WH. Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak, 18 March 2020. World Health Organization; 2020 (https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331490/WHO-2019-nCoV-MentalHealth-2020.1-eng.pdf)
  • 3. Di Renzo L, Gualtieri P, Pivari F, Soldati L, Attinà A, Cinelli G, Leggeri C, Caparello G, Barrea L, Scerbo F, Esposito E, Lorenzo DA. Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey. Journal of translational medicine 2020;18:1-15.
  • 4. Montemurro NJB, behavior,, immunity. The emotional impact of COVID-19: From medical staff to common people. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2020; 87: 23–24.
  • 5. Evers C, Dingemans A, Junghans AF, Boevé AJN, Reviews B. Feeling bad or feeling good, does emotion affect your consumption of food? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 2018;92:195-208.
  • 6. Eddy KT, Doyle AC, Hoste RR, Herzog DB, Le Grange DJJotAAoC, Psychiatry A. Eating disorder not otherwise specified in adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2008;47(2):156-64.
  • 7. Snoek HM, Engels RC, Van Strien T, Otten RJA. Emotional, external and restrained eating behaviour and BMI trajectories in adolescence. Appetite 2013;67:81-7.
  • 8. Tao Z, Liu YJE, Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia B, Obesity. Is there a relationship between Internet dependence and eating disorders? A comparison study of Internet dependents and non-Internet dependents. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2009;14(2-3):e77-e83.
  • 9. Çelik ÇB, Odacı H, Bayraktar NJE, Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia B, Obesity. Is problematic internet use an indicator of eating disorders among Turkish university students? Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2015;20(2):167-72.
  • 10. Krug I, Treasure J, Anderluh M, Bellodi L, Cellini E, Di Bernardo M, et.al. Present and lifetime comorbidity of tobacco, alcohol and drug use in eating disorders: A European multicenter study. Drug and alcohol dependence, 2008;97(1-2), 169-179.
  • 11. Király O, Potenza MN, Stein DJ, King DL, et al. Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2020;100:152180.
  • 12. Ghosh R, Dubey MJ, Chatterjee S, Dubey SJMP. Impact of COVID-19 on children: special focus on the psychosocial aspect. Minerva Pediatrica 2020;72(3):226-35.
  • 13. Dubey MJ, Ghosh R, Chatterjee S, Biswas P, Chatterjee S, Dubey S. COVID-19 and addiction. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2020;14(5):817-23.
  • 14. Garner DM, Olmsted MP. Eating disorder inventory-2: psychological assessment resources Odessa, FL; 1991:48.
  • 15. Rodgers RF, Melioli T. The relationship between body image concerns, eating disorders and internet use, part I: A review of empirical support. Adolescent Research Review 2016;1(2):95-119.
  • 16. Dong H, Yang F, Lu X, Hao WJFiP. Internet addiction and related psychological factors among children and adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2020;11:751.
  • 17. Morgan JF, Reid F, Lacey JH. The SCOFF questionnaire: assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders. Bmj 1999;319(7223):1467-8.
  • 18. Aydemir O, Koksal B, Sapmaz SY, Yuceyar HJAPD. Reliability and validity of Turkish form of SCOFF Eating Disorders Scale/Kadin universite ogrencilerinde REZZY Yeme Bozukluklari Olcegi Turkce formunun guvenilirlik ve gecerliligi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi 2015;16(S1):31-6.
  • 19. Doğan T, Tekin EG, Katrancıoğlu AJP-S, Sciences B. Feeding your feelings: A self-report measure of emotional eating. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 2011;15:2074-7.
  • 20. Hahn A, Jerusalem M. Internetsucht—reliabilität und validität in der online-forschung. Online-Marktforschung: Springer. 2001:213-33.
  • 21. Şahin C, Korkmaz Ö. İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011; 32: 101-115.
  • 22. Şahin C, Yağcı M. Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği-Yetişkin Formu: Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 2017;18(1):523-38.
  • 23. Hensley LJGN. Why the coronavirus pandemic is triggering those with eating disorders. 2020. (https://globalnews.ca/news/6735525/eating-disorder-coronavirus)
  • 24. Demir G. Nutrition, Health Behaviour Changes, and Eating Behaviours of Adults During the COVID 19 Pandemic Period. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2020;14(4):639-45.
  • 25. Küey GA. Ergenlerde yeme bozuklukları. Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Temel Kitabı. 2008:407-23.
  • 26. Kelleci M, Güler N, Sezer H, Gölbası ZJTPMB. Lise Öğrencilerinde İnternet Kullanma Süresinin Cinsiyet ve Psikiyatrik Belirtiler ile İliŞkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2009;8(3).
  • 27. Mehmet EG, Ayşegül K, Tuğba B. Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Takıntılı Özçekim Davranışının Sosyal Medya Kullanım Sıklığı Bakımından Karşılaştırılma. Yeni Symposium 2020; 57(4):15-20.
  • 28. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2020-33679)
  • 29. Siste K, Hanafi E, Lee Thung Sen HC, Adrian LPS, Limawan AP, Murtani BJ, et al. The Impact of Physical Distancing and Associated Factors Towards Internet Addiction Among Adults in Indonesia During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Web-Based Study. Frontiers in psychiatry 2020;11.
  • 30. Rodgers RF, Lombardo C, Cerolini S, Franko DL, Omori M, Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz M, et al. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on eating disorder risk and symptoms. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2020;53(7):1166-70.
  • 31. Mota J, Ribeiro J, Santos MP, Gomes HJPES. Obesity, physical activity, computer use, and TV viewing in Portuguese adolescents. Pediatric Exercise Science 2006;18(1):113-21.
  • 32. Levine MP, Murnen SKJJoS, Psychology C. “Everybody knows that mass media are/are not [pick one] a cause of eating disorders”: A critical review of evidence for a causal link between media, negative body image, and disordered eating in females. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 2009;28(1):9-42.
  • 33. Rodgers RF, Franko DL, Brunet A, Herbert CF, Bui EJIJoED. Disordered eating following exposure to television and internet coverage of the March 2011 Japan earthquake. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2012;45(7):845-9.
  • 34. Alshehri FS, Alatawi Y, Alghamdi BS, Alhifany AA, Alharbi A. Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2020;28(12), 1666-1673.

Covid-19 Döneminde Yetişkin Bireylerde Yeme Bozukluğu, Duygusal Yeme, İnternet ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 291 - 297, 01.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.1059373

Abstract

ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 döneminde yetişkin bireylerde yeme bozukluğu, duygusal yeme, internet ve sosyal medya bağımlılığının incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 18-65 yaş arası iki yüz sekiz birey dahil edildi. Çalışmada sosyo-demografik bilgi formu, Rezzy Yeme Bozukluğu Ölçeği, Duygusal Yeme Ölçeği, İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Bireylerin yaklaşık yarısının yeme bozukluğu açısından risk altında olduğu ve sadece %24’nün normal beden kitle indeksi sınırlarında olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmadaki bireylerin günlük internet kullanım süre ortalamaları 5,1±3,6 saat ve sosyal medya kullanım süre ortalamaları ise 2,4±2,2 saatti. Çalışmada tüm ölçekler arasında pozitif yönde korelasyon saptandı (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları; Covid-19 döneminde yetişkin bireylerin yeme bozuklukları ve internet kullanımı açısından risk altında olduğuna dikkat çekmektedir.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Covid-19, Yeme Bozukluğu, Duygusal Yeme, İnternet Bağımlılığı, Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı

References

  • 1. Stockwell S, Trott M, Tully M, Shin J, Barnett Y, Butler L, et al. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2021;7(1):e000960.
  • 2. Organization WH. Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak, 18 March 2020. World Health Organization; 2020 (https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331490/WHO-2019-nCoV-MentalHealth-2020.1-eng.pdf)
  • 3. Di Renzo L, Gualtieri P, Pivari F, Soldati L, Attinà A, Cinelli G, Leggeri C, Caparello G, Barrea L, Scerbo F, Esposito E, Lorenzo DA. Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey. Journal of translational medicine 2020;18:1-15.
  • 4. Montemurro NJB, behavior,, immunity. The emotional impact of COVID-19: From medical staff to common people. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2020; 87: 23–24.
  • 5. Evers C, Dingemans A, Junghans AF, Boevé AJN, Reviews B. Feeling bad or feeling good, does emotion affect your consumption of food? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 2018;92:195-208.
  • 6. Eddy KT, Doyle AC, Hoste RR, Herzog DB, Le Grange DJJotAAoC, Psychiatry A. Eating disorder not otherwise specified in adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2008;47(2):156-64.
  • 7. Snoek HM, Engels RC, Van Strien T, Otten RJA. Emotional, external and restrained eating behaviour and BMI trajectories in adolescence. Appetite 2013;67:81-7.
  • 8. Tao Z, Liu YJE, Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia B, Obesity. Is there a relationship between Internet dependence and eating disorders? A comparison study of Internet dependents and non-Internet dependents. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2009;14(2-3):e77-e83.
  • 9. Çelik ÇB, Odacı H, Bayraktar NJE, Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia B, Obesity. Is problematic internet use an indicator of eating disorders among Turkish university students? Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2015;20(2):167-72.
  • 10. Krug I, Treasure J, Anderluh M, Bellodi L, Cellini E, Di Bernardo M, et.al. Present and lifetime comorbidity of tobacco, alcohol and drug use in eating disorders: A European multicenter study. Drug and alcohol dependence, 2008;97(1-2), 169-179.
  • 11. Király O, Potenza MN, Stein DJ, King DL, et al. Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2020;100:152180.
  • 12. Ghosh R, Dubey MJ, Chatterjee S, Dubey SJMP. Impact of COVID-19 on children: special focus on the psychosocial aspect. Minerva Pediatrica 2020;72(3):226-35.
  • 13. Dubey MJ, Ghosh R, Chatterjee S, Biswas P, Chatterjee S, Dubey S. COVID-19 and addiction. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2020;14(5):817-23.
  • 14. Garner DM, Olmsted MP. Eating disorder inventory-2: psychological assessment resources Odessa, FL; 1991:48.
  • 15. Rodgers RF, Melioli T. The relationship between body image concerns, eating disorders and internet use, part I: A review of empirical support. Adolescent Research Review 2016;1(2):95-119.
  • 16. Dong H, Yang F, Lu X, Hao WJFiP. Internet addiction and related psychological factors among children and adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2020;11:751.
  • 17. Morgan JF, Reid F, Lacey JH. The SCOFF questionnaire: assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders. Bmj 1999;319(7223):1467-8.
  • 18. Aydemir O, Koksal B, Sapmaz SY, Yuceyar HJAPD. Reliability and validity of Turkish form of SCOFF Eating Disorders Scale/Kadin universite ogrencilerinde REZZY Yeme Bozukluklari Olcegi Turkce formunun guvenilirlik ve gecerliligi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi 2015;16(S1):31-6.
  • 19. Doğan T, Tekin EG, Katrancıoğlu AJP-S, Sciences B. Feeding your feelings: A self-report measure of emotional eating. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 2011;15:2074-7.
  • 20. Hahn A, Jerusalem M. Internetsucht—reliabilität und validität in der online-forschung. Online-Marktforschung: Springer. 2001:213-33.
  • 21. Şahin C, Korkmaz Ö. İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011; 32: 101-115.
  • 22. Şahin C, Yağcı M. Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği-Yetişkin Formu: Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 2017;18(1):523-38.
  • 23. Hensley LJGN. Why the coronavirus pandemic is triggering those with eating disorders. 2020. (https://globalnews.ca/news/6735525/eating-disorder-coronavirus)
  • 24. Demir G. Nutrition, Health Behaviour Changes, and Eating Behaviours of Adults During the COVID 19 Pandemic Period. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2020;14(4):639-45.
  • 25. Küey GA. Ergenlerde yeme bozuklukları. Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Temel Kitabı. 2008:407-23.
  • 26. Kelleci M, Güler N, Sezer H, Gölbası ZJTPMB. Lise Öğrencilerinde İnternet Kullanma Süresinin Cinsiyet ve Psikiyatrik Belirtiler ile İliŞkisi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2009;8(3).
  • 27. Mehmet EG, Ayşegül K, Tuğba B. Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ve Takıntılı Özçekim Davranışının Sosyal Medya Kullanım Sıklığı Bakımından Karşılaştırılma. Yeni Symposium 2020; 57(4):15-20.
  • 28. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Hanehalki-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-(BT)-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2020-33679)
  • 29. Siste K, Hanafi E, Lee Thung Sen HC, Adrian LPS, Limawan AP, Murtani BJ, et al. The Impact of Physical Distancing and Associated Factors Towards Internet Addiction Among Adults in Indonesia During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Web-Based Study. Frontiers in psychiatry 2020;11.
  • 30. Rodgers RF, Lombardo C, Cerolini S, Franko DL, Omori M, Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz M, et al. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on eating disorder risk and symptoms. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2020;53(7):1166-70.
  • 31. Mota J, Ribeiro J, Santos MP, Gomes HJPES. Obesity, physical activity, computer use, and TV viewing in Portuguese adolescents. Pediatric Exercise Science 2006;18(1):113-21.
  • 32. Levine MP, Murnen SKJJoS, Psychology C. “Everybody knows that mass media are/are not [pick one] a cause of eating disorders”: A critical review of evidence for a causal link between media, negative body image, and disordered eating in females. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 2009;28(1):9-42.
  • 33. Rodgers RF, Franko DL, Brunet A, Herbert CF, Bui EJIJoED. Disordered eating following exposure to television and internet coverage of the March 2011 Japan earthquake. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2012;45(7):845-9.
  • 34. Alshehri FS, Alatawi Y, Alghamdi BS, Alhifany AA, Alharbi A. Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2020;28(12), 1666-1673.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Özgü İnal This is me 0000-0002-0351-1821

Publication Date September 1, 2022
Submission Date March 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver İnal Ö. Covid-19 Döneminde Yetişkin Bireylerde Yeme Bozukluğu, Duygusal Yeme, İnternet ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı. Akd Med J. 2022;8(3):291-7.