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İDEOLOJİ, İLETİŞİM, KÜLTÜR: BİR STUART HALL DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Year 2010, Issue: 13, 139 - 159, 01.06.2010

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı Stuart Hall’un ideoloji, iletişim ve kültür çalışmalarına katkılarının genel bir değerlendirmesini sunmaktır. Özellikle Stuart Hall’un Marksist ideoloji ve kültür kuramına katkıları üzerinde yoğunlaşan makale Hall’un formülasyonlarının araştırmacılara ‘toplumsal’ın karmaşıklığını kavramak açısından son derece değerli ipuçları sunduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Onun “nihai garantilerden yoksun Marksizm”i bize ideolojik düzeyin özgüllüğünü hatırlatmakta ve “açıklamaya çalıştığımız şeyin karmaşıklığı ile başa çıkabilecek” yeterlikte bir ideoloji kuramı geliştirmemiz gerektiğinin altını çizmektedir. Hall, iktidarın, kültürün merkezi bir öğesi olduğunu ve kültürün iktidar ilişkilerinin kuruluşunda hayati önemde rol oynadığını ısrarla vurgular. Onun kültüre dinamik yaklaşımı kültürel alan hakkında özcü genellemelerden kaçınmamıza yardımcı olur

References

  • Althusser, Louis (2001). “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatus.” Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. B. Brewster (çev.). New York: Monthly Review Press
  • Barrett, Michéle (1998). “Stuart Hall.” Key Sociological Thinkers. Rob Stones (der.) içinde. New York: Palgrave
  • Buci-Glucksmann, Christine (1982). “Hegemony and Consent: A Political Strategy.” Approaches to Gramsci. A. S. Sassoon (der.) içinde. Londra: Writers and Readers. 116-127.
  • Cohen, G. A. (2000). Karl Marx’s Understanding of History. London: Clarendon Press Davis, Helen (2004). Understanding Stuart Hall. Londra: Sage Eagleton, Terry (1997). “Ideology and its Vicissitudes in Western Marxism.” Mapping Ideology. S. Žižek (der.) içinde. Londra: Verso. 179-227.
  • Erdoğan, Necmi (1993). “Metinlerarasılık, hegemonya ve siyasal alan.” Toplum ve Bilim, 63. 40-57.
  • Geras, Norman (1987) “Post-Marxism”, New Left Review, 163. 40-82.
  • Geras, Norman (1988) “Ex-Marxism without Substance”, New Left Review, 169. 34-61.
  • Gramsci, Antonio (1978). “Some Aspects of the Southern Question”, Selections from Political Writings (1921-1926). Q. Hoare (der.) London: Lawrence and Wishart.
  • Gramsci, Antonio (2003). Selections from the Prison Notebooks, Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell Smith (der.). New York: International Publishers
  • Hall, Stuart (1981a) “Notes on Deconstructing the Popular.” People’s History and Socialist
  • Theory. R. Samuel (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 227-239.
  • Hall, Stuart (1981b) “Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms.” Culture, Ideology and Social Process. T. Bennett v.d. (der.) içinde. Londra: Open University Press. 19-39.
  • Hall, Stuart (1985) “Signification, Representation, Ideology: Althusser and the PostStructuralist Debates.” Critical Studies in Mass Communication. 2(2), Temmuz. 91-114.
  • Hall, Stuart (1988a). The Hard Road to Renewal: Thatcherism and the Crisis of the Left. New York: Verso
  • Hall, Stuart (1988b). “The Toad in the Garden: Thatcherism among the Theorists.”
  • Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture. C. Nelson ve L. Grosssberg (der.) içinde. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. 35-75.
  • Hall, Stuart (1996). “The problem of ideology: Marxism without guarantees.” Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. Morley and Chen (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 25-47.
  • Hall, Stuart (1997) “İdeoloji ve İletişim Kuramı.” Medya, Kültür, Siyaset. Süleyman İrvan (der.) içinde. Ankara: Ark. 79-99.
  • Hall, Stuart (1999a). “İdeolojinin Yeniden Keşfi: Medya Çalışmalarında Baskı Altında Tutulanın Geri Dönüşü.” Medya, İktidar, İdeoloji. M. Küçük (der.) içinde. Ankara: Bilim ve Sanat. 77-127
  • Hall, Stuart (1999b). “Kültür, Medya ve İdeolojik Etki.” Medya, İktidar, İdeoloji. M. Küçük (der.) içinde. Ankara: Ark. 199-245.
  • Hall, Stuart (2005a). “Cultural Studies at the Centre: some problematics and problems.”
  • Culture, Media, Language. S. Hall vd. (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 2-36
  • Hall, Stuart (2005b). “Introduction to Media Studies at the Centre.” Culture, Media, Language. S. Hall vd. (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 104-110
  • Hall, Stuart (2005c). “Recent developments in theories of language and ideology: a critical note.” Culture, Media, Language. S. Hall vd. (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 167-177.
  • Hall, Stuart (2006). “Encoding/Decoding.” Media and Cultural Studies: Keyworks. D. Kellner ve G. Durham (der.) içinde. Blackwell. 163-174.
  • Hall, Stuart (2010). “Life and Times of the First New Left.” New Left Review. OcakŞubat. 177-196.
  • Hall, Stuart, Lumpey, B. ve McLennan, G. (1985). Siyaset ve İdeoloji: “Gramsci”. S. Emrealp (çev.), Ankara: Birey ve Toplum.
  • Hall, Stuart; Critcher, Chas; Jefferson, Tony; Clarke, John and Roberts, Brian (1978). Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State, and Law and Order. New York: Palgrave.
  • İşür, Serpil Sancar (1997). İdeolojinin Serüveni: Yanlış Bilinç ve Hegemonyadan Söyleme. Ankara: İmge.
  • Laclau, Ernesto (1985) İdeoloji ve Politika. H. Sarıca (çev.). İstanbul: Belge
  • Laclau, Ernesto (1990) New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Times. Londra: Verso.
  • Larrain, Jorge (1979). The Concept of Ideology. London: Hutchinson.
  • Larrain, Jorge (1996). “Stuart Hall and the Marxist Concept of Ideology.” Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. Morley and Chen (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 47-71.
  • Marx, Karl (1997). Kapital I. Ankara: Sol Marx, Karl (2005). Ekonomi Politiğin Eleştirisine Katkı. Sevim Belli (çev.). Ankara: Sol.
  • Marx, Karl ve Engels, Friedrich (1992). Alman İdeolojisi. Çev. Sevim Belli. Ankara: Sol.
  • Mouffe, Chantal (1979). “Hegemony and Ideology in Gramsci.” Gramsci and Marxist Theory. C. Mouffe (der.) içinde. Londra: Routlegde and Kegan Paul. 168- 205.
  • Procter, James (2004). Stuart Hall. Londra: Routledge.
  • Saussure, Ferdinand (2007). Course in General Linguistics. Çev. Roy Harris. Chicago: Open Court.
  • Smith, Paul (1989). Discerning the Subject. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Pres Sparks, Colin (1996). “Stuart Hall, Cultural Studies and Marxism.” Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. Morley and Chen (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 71-103.
  • Sparks, Colin (1989). “Experience, Ideology, and Articulation: Stuart Hall and the Development of Culture.” Journal of Communication Inquiry, 13. 79-87.
  • Sparks, Colin (1992). “Popular Journalism: Theories and Practice”, Journalism and Popular Culture. Dahlgren ve Sparks (der.) içinde. Londra: Sage.24-45.
  • Laclau, Ernesto and Mouffe, Chantal (1987) “Post-Marxism without Apologies”, New Left Review, 166. 79-106
  • Thompson, E. P. (1966). The Making of English Working Class. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Volosinov, V. N (1986). Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. L. Matejka ve R. Titunik. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  • Williams, Raymond (1990). Marksizm ve Edebiyat. Çev. E. Tarım. İstanbul: Adam.
  • Williams, Raymond (2005). Culture and Materialism. New York: Verso.
  • Žižek, Slavoj (1989). The Sublime Object of Ideology. New York: Verso.
  • Wood, Ellen Meiksins (1996). Democracy Against Capitalism: Renewing Historical Materialism. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge
  • Sayer, Derek (1987). The Violence of Abstraction: The Analytic Foundations of Historical Materialism. Basil Blackwell: Oxford

IDEOLOGY, COMMUNICATION, CULTURE: EVALUATION OF STUART HALL

Year 2010, Issue: 13, 139 - 159, 01.06.2010

Abstract

The aim of this study is to present a general evaluation of Stuart Hall’s contributions to studies of ideology, communication and culture. Focusing primarily on Stuart Hall’s Marxist theory of ideology and culture, the article asserts that Hall’s formulations provide the researchers with invaluable insights and clues for comprehending the complexity of the ‘social.’ His “Marxism without final guarantees” reminds us the specificity of the ideological level and underlines the need for developing a theory of ideology “adequate to the complexities of what we are trying to explain.” Hall insists that power is a central element of culture and culture plays a pivotal role in making of power relations. His dynamic approach to culture helps us to avoid essentialist generalizations regarding the cultural field

References

  • Althusser, Louis (2001). “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatus.” Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. B. Brewster (çev.). New York: Monthly Review Press
  • Barrett, Michéle (1998). “Stuart Hall.” Key Sociological Thinkers. Rob Stones (der.) içinde. New York: Palgrave
  • Buci-Glucksmann, Christine (1982). “Hegemony and Consent: A Political Strategy.” Approaches to Gramsci. A. S. Sassoon (der.) içinde. Londra: Writers and Readers. 116-127.
  • Cohen, G. A. (2000). Karl Marx’s Understanding of History. London: Clarendon Press Davis, Helen (2004). Understanding Stuart Hall. Londra: Sage Eagleton, Terry (1997). “Ideology and its Vicissitudes in Western Marxism.” Mapping Ideology. S. Žižek (der.) içinde. Londra: Verso. 179-227.
  • Erdoğan, Necmi (1993). “Metinlerarasılık, hegemonya ve siyasal alan.” Toplum ve Bilim, 63. 40-57.
  • Geras, Norman (1987) “Post-Marxism”, New Left Review, 163. 40-82.
  • Geras, Norman (1988) “Ex-Marxism without Substance”, New Left Review, 169. 34-61.
  • Gramsci, Antonio (1978). “Some Aspects of the Southern Question”, Selections from Political Writings (1921-1926). Q. Hoare (der.) London: Lawrence and Wishart.
  • Gramsci, Antonio (2003). Selections from the Prison Notebooks, Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell Smith (der.). New York: International Publishers
  • Hall, Stuart (1981a) “Notes on Deconstructing the Popular.” People’s History and Socialist
  • Theory. R. Samuel (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 227-239.
  • Hall, Stuart (1981b) “Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms.” Culture, Ideology and Social Process. T. Bennett v.d. (der.) içinde. Londra: Open University Press. 19-39.
  • Hall, Stuart (1985) “Signification, Representation, Ideology: Althusser and the PostStructuralist Debates.” Critical Studies in Mass Communication. 2(2), Temmuz. 91-114.
  • Hall, Stuart (1988a). The Hard Road to Renewal: Thatcherism and the Crisis of the Left. New York: Verso
  • Hall, Stuart (1988b). “The Toad in the Garden: Thatcherism among the Theorists.”
  • Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture. C. Nelson ve L. Grosssberg (der.) içinde. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. 35-75.
  • Hall, Stuart (1996). “The problem of ideology: Marxism without guarantees.” Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. Morley and Chen (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 25-47.
  • Hall, Stuart (1997) “İdeoloji ve İletişim Kuramı.” Medya, Kültür, Siyaset. Süleyman İrvan (der.) içinde. Ankara: Ark. 79-99.
  • Hall, Stuart (1999a). “İdeolojinin Yeniden Keşfi: Medya Çalışmalarında Baskı Altında Tutulanın Geri Dönüşü.” Medya, İktidar, İdeoloji. M. Küçük (der.) içinde. Ankara: Bilim ve Sanat. 77-127
  • Hall, Stuart (1999b). “Kültür, Medya ve İdeolojik Etki.” Medya, İktidar, İdeoloji. M. Küçük (der.) içinde. Ankara: Ark. 199-245.
  • Hall, Stuart (2005a). “Cultural Studies at the Centre: some problematics and problems.”
  • Culture, Media, Language. S. Hall vd. (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 2-36
  • Hall, Stuart (2005b). “Introduction to Media Studies at the Centre.” Culture, Media, Language. S. Hall vd. (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 104-110
  • Hall, Stuart (2005c). “Recent developments in theories of language and ideology: a critical note.” Culture, Media, Language. S. Hall vd. (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 167-177.
  • Hall, Stuart (2006). “Encoding/Decoding.” Media and Cultural Studies: Keyworks. D. Kellner ve G. Durham (der.) içinde. Blackwell. 163-174.
  • Hall, Stuart (2010). “Life and Times of the First New Left.” New Left Review. OcakŞubat. 177-196.
  • Hall, Stuart, Lumpey, B. ve McLennan, G. (1985). Siyaset ve İdeoloji: “Gramsci”. S. Emrealp (çev.), Ankara: Birey ve Toplum.
  • Hall, Stuart; Critcher, Chas; Jefferson, Tony; Clarke, John and Roberts, Brian (1978). Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State, and Law and Order. New York: Palgrave.
  • İşür, Serpil Sancar (1997). İdeolojinin Serüveni: Yanlış Bilinç ve Hegemonyadan Söyleme. Ankara: İmge.
  • Laclau, Ernesto (1985) İdeoloji ve Politika. H. Sarıca (çev.). İstanbul: Belge
  • Laclau, Ernesto (1990) New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Times. Londra: Verso.
  • Larrain, Jorge (1979). The Concept of Ideology. London: Hutchinson.
  • Larrain, Jorge (1996). “Stuart Hall and the Marxist Concept of Ideology.” Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. Morley and Chen (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 47-71.
  • Marx, Karl (1997). Kapital I. Ankara: Sol Marx, Karl (2005). Ekonomi Politiğin Eleştirisine Katkı. Sevim Belli (çev.). Ankara: Sol.
  • Marx, Karl ve Engels, Friedrich (1992). Alman İdeolojisi. Çev. Sevim Belli. Ankara: Sol.
  • Mouffe, Chantal (1979). “Hegemony and Ideology in Gramsci.” Gramsci and Marxist Theory. C. Mouffe (der.) içinde. Londra: Routlegde and Kegan Paul. 168- 205.
  • Procter, James (2004). Stuart Hall. Londra: Routledge.
  • Saussure, Ferdinand (2007). Course in General Linguistics. Çev. Roy Harris. Chicago: Open Court.
  • Smith, Paul (1989). Discerning the Subject. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Pres Sparks, Colin (1996). “Stuart Hall, Cultural Studies and Marxism.” Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. Morley and Chen (der.) içinde. Londra: Routledge. 71-103.
  • Sparks, Colin (1989). “Experience, Ideology, and Articulation: Stuart Hall and the Development of Culture.” Journal of Communication Inquiry, 13. 79-87.
  • Sparks, Colin (1992). “Popular Journalism: Theories and Practice”, Journalism and Popular Culture. Dahlgren ve Sparks (der.) içinde. Londra: Sage.24-45.
  • Laclau, Ernesto and Mouffe, Chantal (1987) “Post-Marxism without Apologies”, New Left Review, 166. 79-106
  • Thompson, E. P. (1966). The Making of English Working Class. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Volosinov, V. N (1986). Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. L. Matejka ve R. Titunik. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  • Williams, Raymond (1990). Marksizm ve Edebiyat. Çev. E. Tarım. İstanbul: Adam.
  • Williams, Raymond (2005). Culture and Materialism. New York: Verso.
  • Žižek, Slavoj (1989). The Sublime Object of Ideology. New York: Verso.
  • Wood, Ellen Meiksins (1996). Democracy Against Capitalism: Renewing Historical Materialism. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge
  • Sayer, Derek (1987). The Violence of Abstraction: The Analytic Foundations of Historical Materialism. Basil Blackwell: Oxford
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Burak Özçetin This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2010
Submission Date May 12, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2010 Issue: 13

Cite

APA Özçetin, B. (2010). İDEOLOJİ, İLETİŞİM, KÜLTÜR: BİR STUART HALL DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi(13), 139-159.