Performance Analysis of GBAS Vertical Protection Levels for Civil Aircraft Precision Approach and Landing using GPS and GLONASS

Year 2018, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 397 - 402, 30.04.2018

İrfan Sayim

Abstract

In this paper, an analysis has been performed to quantify and compare the Vertical Protection Levels (VPLs) performances using GPS (Global Positioning System) and GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation Satellite System - GLObalnaya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema) satellite navigation systems for the largest Turkish Airport (Istanbul Ataturk Airport – IST). The VPLs are position error bounds computed at aircraft with ensured high navigation performances for initiation of intendent precision aircraft approach and landing in the Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS). The GBAS, therefore, is an advanced navigation system and designed to provide civil aircraft user with high navigation performances. All defined algorithms in GBAS are built entirely on the GPS positioning solutions. In this study, an alternative constellation of global satellite navigation system GLONASS is considered and its performances are quantified for potential usability in future. In this respect, IST is selected as an implementation site in analysis. Two approaches have been proposed in the quantification of system availability for the given site; a) full constellation with increased elevation mask, b) two satellite outages as a worst-case scenario in the quantification of system availability. Investigations have shown that the GPS could provide superior performance over GLONASS in compliance with the GBAS availability requirements (i.e., exhibits high performance). However, the outcomes are also promising for the prescribed GBAS VPL performance using an alternative constellation (GLONASS) for supporting a precision approach and landing of an aircraft at the IST.

Keywords

Satellite Outages, Availability, VPL/VAL, GBAS Integrity, GAD, AAD, GPS, GLONASS

References

• FAA Specification (2005) Category I Local Area Augmentation System Ground Facility. FAA, Washington, D.C., FAA-E-AJW44-2937A, October 21
• Murphy T., and Imrich T., (2008) "Implementation and Operational Use of Ground-Based Augmentation Systems (GBASs) - A Component of the Future Air Traffic Management System," Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume 96, Number 12, pp 1936 – 1957
• Pullen, S. and Enge, P. (2013), “Using Outage History to Exclude High-Risk Satellites from GBAS Corrections.” Journal of Institute of Navigation, 60: 41–51. doi:10.1002/navi.20
• Reddy A. S., Jhansi B., and Sarma A. D., (2012) “Analysis of Future LAAS ‘Availability’ at Hyderabad Station for Precision Approach of Aircraft”, India Conference (INDICON), 2012 Annual IEEE, Kochi, Kerala, India, Date 7-9, December 2012
• RTCA (SC-159/WG-4), (1998) Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards for the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS),” RTCA/DO-245, RTCA Inc., Washington DC, 28 September 1998.
• RTCA (SC-159/WG-4), (2000) “Minimum Operational Performance Standards for GPS Local Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment,” RTCA DO-253, RTCA Inc., Washington, D.C., 11 January
• Sayim I., Kavzoglu T., and Sahin, E., (2015) “GBAS Availability Analysis for the Trabzon Airport Using True Terrain Masking Data,” 7nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST 2015), June 16-19, 2015, Istanbul, Turkey.
• Sayim, I., (2003) “Ranging Error Overbounds for Navigation Integrity of Local Area Augmented GPS,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
• Wang Z., Macabiau C., Zhang J., and Escher A. C. (2014) “Prediction and analysis of GBAS integrity monitoring availability at LinZhi airport”, GPS Solution, 18, 17-40