The Effect of the Welding Current on the Mechanical Properties of the New Generation Steels Welded with Resistance Spot Welding

Year 2019, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 461 - 469, 17.09.2019

Rukiye Ertan , Sedat Aras Hande Güler Özgül

Abstract

In this study, three
different high strength steel sheet materials of different thicknesses DP 800,
Usibor 1500 and Ductibor 500P were joined with resistance spot welding using
different welding currents. The mechanical properties of the joints were
evaluated by hardness and tensile-shear tests. Tensile test specimens were
prepared by applying an electrical resistance spot weld to the samples in lap
state for pairs of co-material. According to the hardness and tensile test
results, DP 800 and Ductibor 500P materials were highly affected from the
welding current, but in Usibor 1500 no significant change was observed. The
maximum tensile force was decreased in DP 800 and increased in Ductibor 500P
joints with welding current increasing. In addition, Ductibor 500P material has
been found to have the highest strength and hardness values after welding.

Keywords

DP 800, Usibor 1500, Ductibor 500P, Resistance spot welding, Tensile-shear test, Vickers hardness test

Direnç Nokta Kaynağı ile Birleştirilen Yeni Nesil Çeliklerde Kaynak Akımının Mekanik Özelliklere Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada farklı
kalınlıklardaki DP 800, Usibor 1500 ve Ductibor 500P olmak üzere üç farklı
yüksek dayanımlı çelik sac malzeme farklı kaynak akımları kullanılarak direnç nokta
kaynağı ile birleştirilmiştir. Bağlantıların mekanik özellikleri sertlik ve
çekme testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Aynı malzeme çiftleri için bindirme
şeklindeki numunelere elektrik direnç nokta kaynağı uygulanarak çekme
numuneleri hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen sertlik ve çekme testi sonuçlarına göre
kaynak akımı değişiminden DP 800 ve Ductibor 500P malzemeleri yüksek oranda
etkilenirken, Usibor 1500’de önemli bir değişim görülmemiştir. Kaynak akımı
artışıyla birlikte maksimum çekme kuvveti DP 800 birleştirilmelerinde düşerken
Ductibor 500P’de ise artış sergilemiştir. Bunun yanında Ductibor 500P
malzemenin kaynak sonrasında en yüksek dayanım ve sertlik değerlerine sahip
olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

DP 800; Usibor 1500; Ductibor 500P; Direnç nokta kaynağı; Çekme-makaslama testi; Vickers sertlik testi

References

• Aktaş, S., Özsaraç, U. and Aslanlar, S., 2012. Effect of Spot Welding Parameters on Tensile Properties of DP 600 Steel Sheet Joints. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27, 756–764.
• Bihamta, R., Bui, Q.H., Guillot, M., D’Amours, G., Rahem, A. and Fafard, M., 2012. Application of a new procedure for the optimization of variable thickness drawing of aluminium tubes. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 5(2), 142-150.
• Biro, E. and Lee, A., 2005. HAZ properties of various DP600 Chemistries. Canadian Weld Associat J, (Spring) 17-21.
• Çimenoğlu, H. and Kayalı, E.S., 1986. Ticari Çift Fazlı Çelik Üretimi. 4. Ulusal Metalurji Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, Cilt 1, Ankara, 13-15.
• Demir, B., İncekar, E., Dincel, Ö. and Elitaş, M. 2017., İleri Dayanımlı Çeliklerde Nokta Direnç Kaynağı Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. El-Cezerî Fen ve ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 4(1), 92-100.
• Farías, D., 2006. Bake Hardening Response of DP800 and the Influence on the 'In Service Performance. Master Thesis, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Department of Mechanical Engineering Division of Computational and Experimental Mechanics, Nederlands.
• Girvin, B., Peterson, W. and Gould, J., 2004. Development of appropriate spot welding practice for advanced high-strength steels. American Iron and Steel Institute, Pittsburgh.
• Güler, H., 2013. Investigation of Usibor 1500 Formability in a Hot Forming Operation. Materials Science, 19 (2), 144-146.
• Güler, H., Ertan, R. and Özcan, R., 2014. Investigation of the hot ductility of a high-strength boron steel. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 608(1), 90-94.
• Jong, Y.S., Lee, Y.K., Kim, D.C., Kang, M.J., Hwang, I.S. and Lee, W.B., 2011. Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Resistance Spot Welded Ultra High Strength Steel Containing Boron. Materials Transactions, 52(6), 1330-1333.
• Kelen, F., 2014. Motorlu taşıt emisyonlarının insan sağlığı ve çevre üzerine etkileri. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(1-2), 80-87.
• Múnera, D., Pic, A., Abou-Khalil, D., Shmit, F. and Pinart, F., 2009. Innovative Press Hardened Steel Based Laser Welded Blanks Solutions for Weight Savings and Crash Safety Improvements. SAE Int. J. Mater. Manf., 1(1), 472-479, 2009.
• Naderi, M., 2007. Hot stamping of ultra high strength steels. Doctoral Theses, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
• Oikawa, H., Murayama, G., Sakiyama, T., Takahashi, Y. and Ishikawa, T., 2006. Resistance spot weldability of high strength steel (HSS) sheets for Automobile. Nippon Steel Technical Report No. 95, 385, 39-45.
• Ramazani, A., Mukherjee, K., Abdurakhmanov, A., Prahl, U., Schleser, M., Reisgen, U. and Bleck, W., 2013. Micro-macro-characterisation and modelling of mechanical properties of gas metal arc welded (GMAW) DP600 steel. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 589, 1–14.
• Rossini, M., Russo Spena, P., Cortese, L., Matteis, P. and Firrao, D., (2015) Investigation on dissimilar laser welding of advanced high strength steel sheets for the automotive industry. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 628, 288-296.
• Spena, P.R., Maddis, M.D. and Lombardi, F., 2015. Mechanical Strength and Fracture of Resistance Spot Welded Advanced High Strength Steels. Procedia Engineering, 109, 450-456.
• Sugimoto, Y., Oda, N., Higuchi, T. and Mineshita, K., 1996. Development of aluminium metal matrix composites disc brake rotor : (Mazda Motor Corporation). JSAE Review, 17(4), 440-443.
• Sun, X., Stephens, E.V. and Khaleel, M.A., 2008. Effects of fusion zone size and failure mode on peak load and energy absorption of advanced high strength steel spot welds under lap shear loading conditions. Engineering Failure Analysis, 15(4), 356-367.
• Uthaisangsuk, V., Prahl, U. and Bleck, W., 2011. Modelling of damage and failure in multiphase high strength DP and TRIP steels. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 78(3), 469-486.
• Wan, X., Wang, Y. and Zhang, P., 2014. Modelling the effect of welding current on resistance spot welding of DP600. Journal of Materials Proccesing Technology, 214(11), 2723–2729.
• Zhang, X., Chen, G., Zhang, Y. and Lai, X., 2009. Improvement of resistance spot weldability for dual-phase (DP600) steels using servo gun. Journal of Materials Proccesing Technology, 209(5), 2671–2675.