Characterization of Cosmetics Industry Wastewater and Treatment by Coagulation-Flocculation Process

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 576 - 584, 10.06.2025

İnci Karakaş , Soner Kızıl

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1513268

Abstract

The use of a wide variety of raw materials in the production of cosmetic products and the variability of the process during the production phase significantly affect wastewater characterization. Cosmetic industry wastewater contains low biodegradable components and may contain various pollutants such as ammonia, oil and grease, phosphorus and heavy metals. Heavy metals that can be found in the cosmetics industry cause cancer, neurological diseases, genetic mutations, hair loss and birth defects. In this study, pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Suspended Solids (MLSS), Cu, Zn, colour and Orthophosphate (PO4-P) parameters were monitored in Gebze Organised Industrial Zone real cosmetics industry wastewater and their compliance with sewage discharge criteria was investigated. Pollutant removal was investigated by coagulation-flocculation process and removal efficiencies were found as COD: 75%; Cu: 92%; Zn: 94%; Colour: 84%; TN: 99%; TP: 91%; PO4-P: 92%. Different treatment alternatives should be investigated in order to realise the COD removal obtained as a result of the study more effectively. In order to protect the environment and human health, it will be important to increase the studies on the determination and removal of heavy metals by characterising the real cosmetics industry wastewater.

Keywords

Chemical treatment , coagulation- flocculation process , cosmetic wastewaters , organic pollutants , heavy metals

Kozmetik Endüstrisi Atıksularının Karakterizasyonu ve Koagülasyon-Flokülasyon Prosesi ile Arıtımı

Abstract

Kozmetik ürünlerin üretiminde çok çeşitli hammaddelerin kullanılması ve üretim aşamasındaki sürecin değişkenliği atık su karakterizasyonunu önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Kozmetik endüstrisi atıksuları biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirliği düşük bileşenler içermekle birlikte; amonyak, yağ ve gres, fosfor ve ağır metaller gibi çeşitli kirleticileri de içerebilmektedir. Kozmetik endüstrisinde bulunabilen ağır metaller kansere, nörolojik hastalıklara, genetik mutasyonlara, saç dökülmesine ve doğum kusurlarına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Gebze Organize Sanayi Bölgesi gerçek kozmetik endüstrisi atıksuyundan pH, kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), Toplam Azot (TN), Toplam Fosfor (TP), Askıda Katı Madde (MLSS), Cu, Zn, renk ve Ortofosfat (PO4-P) parametreleri izlenmiş ve kanalizasyon deşarj kriterlerine uygunluğu araştırılmıştır. Kirleticilerin giderimi koagülasyon-flokülasyon prosesi ile araştırılmış ve giderim verimleri KOİ: %75; Cu: %92; Zn: %94; Renk: %84; TN: %99; TP: %91; PO4-P: %92 olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen KOİ gideriminin daha etkin bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebilmesi için farklı arıtma alternatiflerinin araştırılması gerekmektedir. Çevre ve insan sağlığının korunması için gerçek kozmetik endüstrisi atıksularının karakterize edilerek ağır metallerin belirlenmesi ve giderimine yönelik çalışmaların arttırılması önemli olacaktır.

Keywords

Kimyasal arıtma , koagülasyon-flokülasyon prosesi , kozmetik atıksuları , organik kirleticiler , ağır metaller

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