Türk Eğitim Sisteminde Okul Terk Nedenleri (2009-2022): Eğitim Kademelerine Göre Bir Pareto Analizi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı Türk eğitim sistemindeki eğitim kademelerine göre okul terki nedenlerini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda TES’te okul terki üzerine yapılan araştırmalara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada sistematik veri analizi yöntemi ile araştırmanın amaçlarına uygun olan 47 araştırma içerik analizi ile incelenmiştir. Toplamda 290 kodlama işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre TES’te ilköğretim kademesinde okul terki nedenlerinde aile faktörü öne çıkmaktadır. Ailenin maddi durumun yetersizliği ve eğitime karşı düşük ilgisi etkilidir. Ortaöğretim kademesinde öğrencinin akademik başarısızlığı, devamsızlığı, akran baskısı, ailelerin ilgisizliği okul terklerine neden olmaktadır. Yükseköğretimde ise öğrencinin sosyal çevreye uyum sağlamada güçlük yaşaması, akademik başarısızlık, maddi sorunlar ve eğitim gördüğü bölüme uygun olmadığını düşünmesi okul terkinden ortaya çıkan sonuçlardır. Hiçbir eğitim kategorisine girmeyen diğer grubunda okul terki nedenleri de akademik başarısızlık, maddi imkânsızlıklar, erken evlilikler, okulu sevmemek, ailenin ilgisizliği, arkadaş gruplarının olumsuz etkisi ve okula karşı ilgisizliktir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Okul terki
• Türk eğitim sistemi
• Pareto analizi

School Dropout Causes in Turkish Education System (2009-2022): A Pareto Analysis by Grade Level

Abstract

The aim of this research is to examine the reasons for school dropout occurring at varying education levels in the Turkish education system (TES). In this direction, research on school dropout pertaining to TES has been targeted. The systematic data analysis method was used in the research. 47 studies suitable for the purposes of the study were analyzed through content analysis. A total of 290 coding processes were carried out. According to the results of the research, the family factor comes to the fore in the causes of school dropout in primary education in TES. The inadequacy of families’ financial situation and low interest in education are effective. At the high school level, students' academic failure, absenteeism, peer pressure, and indifference of families appear as the causes of school dropouts. In higher education, difficulties learners experience in adapting to novel social environments, academic failure, financial problems and the thought of being a misfit for the selected department seem to be amongst the causes of school dropout. In the other group, the reasons of dropping out are determined as academic failure, financial difficulties, early marriages, dislike of school, indifference of family, negative effects of friend groups and indifference towards school.

Keywords

• School dropout
• Turkish education system
• Dropout in Turkish education system

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