İŞGÜCÜ BİRİKİM SÜRECİ: FABRİKA İŞÇİLİĞİNİN OLUŞUMU

Year 2005, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 276 - 288, 01.12.2005

Serkan Güzel

Abstract

Sosyal bilimcilerin temel ilgi alanları olan sanayi devrimi genelde
fabrikalaşma üzerine odaklanır. Sanayi devriminden en çok etkilenen iş-güç
biçimlerinden bir tanesi de çiftçilik olduğu için sosyolojik çalışmalarda çiftçi
ve fabrika işçilerine yönelik bir ilgi oluşmuştur. Sanayi devriminin etkilerine
bağlı olarak modern dünyada çiftçilerin iş bulmaları önemli bir problem
haline gelmiştir. Sanayileşme ile birlikte çiftçilikten fabrika işçiliğine geçiş
süreci Kuzeybatı Avrupa’da meydana gelen kendine özgü bir değişimdi.
Teknolojik gelişmeler yalnızca tarımda makine kullanımını gerekli kılmakla
kalmayıp aynı zamanda çiftçilerin tamamına yakınının işlerini
kaybetmelerine de yol açmıştır. Ücret karşılığı büyük çiftliklerde çalışmak,
tarım-dışı iş,güç biçimlerine geçiş, kent merkezlerindeki işgücü pazarlarında
vasıfsız işgücü haline gelmek ve fabrika işçisi olmak işgücü birikim sürecini
olgunlaştıran aşamalardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: çiftçi, sanayi devrimi, işgücü, işgücü pazarı,
fabrika işçisi,
Industrial revoluation the main interest of social scientists in general
has focused on factory. For peasantry was one of the occupational
community which fairly effected from industrial revoluation, social scientists
began to create more value on peasants and factory workers in the
sociological reseaerches. According as industrial revoluation effected
agricultural life finding job became important problem in peasants life in
modern world. With industiralization for peasants move into the factory was
unique case which emerged in the south-west Europe. Technical
development not only require using machine in agricultural unit but also
almost all of the peasant lost his job. Working in a large agricultural plants
for wage and moving into the out-agricultural work life and becoming an
unskilled work force in work market in city centers and being a factory
worker is a stage which improve work force process.
Key Words: peasant, industrial revoluation, work force, work force market, factory worker.

Keywords

işgücü , çiftçi , fabrika işçisi

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